Zucchini sanannen kayan lambu ne mai fa’idodin kiwon lafiya da yawa. Ana rarraba shi a ko’ina cikin duniya kuma yana da nau’ikan dozin da yawa. Game da abin da halaye na zucchini haka sha’awar mutane da abin da su ne siffofin da namo, kuma za a tattauna a cikin wannan bita.
Properties na zucchini
Zucchini wani nau’in zucchini ne. Don samun mafi kyawun ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu ɗanɗano, ana girbe su lokacin da suka kai tsayin 10-20 cm. Daga cikin abũbuwan amfãni na zucchini – inganta narkewa, rage jinkirin tsufa da yawa, wanda ya ba shi wuri na dindindin a cikin abinci. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na kayan lambu kuma sun bambanta sosai.
Abubuwan Amfani
Amfanin zucchini na kiwon lafiya suna da yawa kuma sun bambanta.
- Cin shi:
- yana rage hawan jini kuma yana kare arteries daga gubobi;
- yana ƙara rigakafi;
- tabbatacce yana rinjayar metabolism, kuma tare da shi aikin hanji, zuciya, tsarin juyayi;
- yana taimakawa wajen inganta aikin hanta kuma yana taka rawa a cikin detoxification na jiki – godiya ga kaddarorin antioxidant, an cire gubobi da radicals kyauta daga jiki, an cire matakai masu kumburi;
- yadda ya kamata rage nauyi ta hanyar hanzarta metabolism;
- zai iya tasiri sosai akan matakan insulin da sauran hormones;
- yana inganta lafiyar prostate;
- yana rage yawan maƙarƙashiya da sauran cututtuka na tsarin narkewa;
- yana daidaita aikin gabobin narkewa saboda yawan adadin electrolytes, fiber, da sauran abubuwan gina jiki;
- yana rage haɗarin ulcers, ciwon hanji;
- yana rage matakan sukari na jini kuma yana rage haɗarin ciwon sukari;
- yana rage haɗarin haɓaka cututtukan ido masu alaƙa da shekaru kamar glaucoma, cataracts da macular degeneration;
- rage cholesterol;
- yana rage saurin tsufa.
Shin kun sani? Zucchini mafi tsayi ya girma zuwa 2,52 m (Ontario, Kanada). An kafa tarihin ne a ranar 28 ga watan Agusta, 2014. Mista Scozzafava, wanda ya noman katuwar ‘ya’yan itacen, ya ce bai yi amfani da taki ba, sai dai kawai ya shayar da shukar sa yadda ya kamata.
cutarwa
- Zucchini na iya zama cutarwa ga mutanen da ke fama da:
- rashin jin daɗi na hanji – a cikinsu, kayan lambu na iya haifar da spasm da zawo;
- urolithiasis – babban abun ciki na folic acid zai iya haifar da duwatsu a cikin kodan da mafitsara;
- alerji – yana bayyana kanta a cikin nau’i na tashin zuciya ko itching bayan amfani da samfurin.
Bayan angioplasty na tasoshin, kayan lambu zasu haifar da ƙarin kaya akan su, don haka ba shi da kyau a yi amfani da shi. A cikin adadi mai yawa, kada mata masu ciki da masu shayarwa su ci.
Bayani da fasali na zucchini zucchini
Zucchini rawaya ne, kore mai haske ko kore squash. A ciki ya ƙunshi ɓangaren litattafan almara tare da ƙananan tsaba masu yawa. Itacen yana da laushi, fari, tare da launin kore; crispy amma ba ruwa. Ya fi sauƙi fiye da zucchini na yau da kullum, kuma tsaba sun fi karami.
Bayyanar da dandano
A waje, zucchini ya ɗan bambanta da zucchini na yau da kullun: yana da ƙaramin girma kuma yana iya samun nau’ikan launuka iri-iri. A cikin siffar, ya fi kama da kokwamba. Wasu nau’ikan na iya zama zagaye ko sifar kwalba.
Zucchini kayan lambu ne mai laushi mai laushi. Kwasfa ba ta da ƙarfi, don haka ba ya buƙatar cire shi don dafa abinci. Dangane da dandano, kamar yawancin kayan lambu, dandano zai dogara ne akan abin da aka dafa shi da shi. Ita kanta ɓangaren litattafan almara ba ta da halayen ɗanɗano.
Sau da yawa ana amfani da zucchini tare da tumatir miya, ganye, eggplant. Ana soya su ko stewed, wanda kuma ya shafi dandano tasa.
Fa’idodi da rashin amfani
- Zucchini yana da yawa a cikin kowa tare da sauran zucchini, amma akwai bambance-bambance:
- yana da ƙasa da adadin kuzari (kalori 33 kawai da 100 g), saboda haka yana da kyau ga abincin abinci;
- ya ƙunshi ƙananan sitaci da sukari (3 g kawai), wanda ke ba da ƙarancin glycemic index kuma ya sa ya zama mai amfani ga masu ciwon sukari;
- shine tushen tushen fiber, ma’adanai da bitamin A, C.
Jiki yana shayar da zucchini daidai, don haka an haɗa su a cikin menu na jarirai kuma ana ba da shawarar su azaman kayan abinci na kayan lambu na farko. Hakanan sun dace a cikin abincin abinci. Za mu iya a amince da cewa wannan kayan lambu ba shi da wani drawbacks.
Shin kun sani? Bernard Lavery ne ya shuka zucchini mafi nauyi a cikin 1990 (Birtaniya). Nauyin tayin ya kai kilogiram 29,25.
Irin zucchini zucchini
Iri-iri iri-iri yana da girma sosai.
Idan kun zaɓi iri don noma, to kuna buƙatar la’akari da cewa an raba kowane kayan lambu zuwa nau’ikan:
- ta balaga;
- da manufa;
- bisa ga hanyar dasa shuki (a cikin greenhouse ko a bude ƙasa).
Juriya da yawan amfanin ƙasa na iya zama mahimman abubuwa a zaɓin cultivar. Lokacin yanke shawara akan adadin tsire-tsire, kuna buƙatar la’akari da cewa kowannensu zai buƙaci aƙalla 1 m na sarari don girma. Irin nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i na iya girma, don haka idan sararin samaniya ya iyakance, zaɓi nau’i mai mahimmanci.
Mafi kyawun iri:
- Kukesha – Wannan wani elongated zucchini na duhu kore launi tare da kananan fararen aibobi. Kayan lambu ne da wuri mai girma tare da lokacin girma na kwanaki 40 bayan dasa shuki. Cikakken don shirya don hunturu kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin nau’in halitta. Yawan yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 12 kg / sq m.
- Diamond – Wannan shi ne duhu koren zucchini. Yana nufin farkon cikakke hybrids. Ripens a cikin kwanaki 40. Yawan amfanin gona shine 10-12 kg / sq. m. Wani fasali na musamman na zucchini shine kyakkyawan adana launi na kwasfa yayin dafa abinci, don haka duhu kore Diamond zai zama kyakkyawan ado ga kowane salatin tare da zucchini rawaya. An yi niyya ne don noma a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.
- Zabra ya bambanta da launi mai launi, farkon lokacin balaga (kwanaki 37-45) da ƙarancin ƙarfi. Daga murabba’in mita daya zaka iya girbi 10-12 kg. Wannan nau’in daji ne.
- Daraja Baki a zahiri ba baki ba, amma duhu kore. Ya shahara saboda yana ba da ‘ya’ya har tsawon kwanaki 30. Kyakkyawan halayen ɗanɗano suna cike da kyawawan kayan amfanin gona da aka girbe. Ana iya adana baƙar fata a wuri mai bushe don watanni da yawa. Haɓaka har zuwa kilogiram 10 a kowace shuka.
Peculiarities na girma
Kayan lambu sun fi son ƙasa mai kyau mai kyau, wanda aka ƙara yawan takin kafin shuka. Yana iya girma duka a cikin greenhouses da kuma a cikin bude ƙasa.
Shin kun sani? Ku ɗanɗani ƙananan zucchini da matsakaici ya fi kyau fiye da dandano manyan. Zucchini mai duhu ya fi gina jiki fiye da zucchini mai haske.
Don dasa shuki, za ku buƙaci fili tare da ma’auni na akalla 1 sq. m kowace daji. A cikin iyakataccen sarari, zaku iya amfani da grid don goyan baya a tsaye.
Shirye-shiryen ƙasa da kwanakin dasa shuki
Mafi kyawun wurin da za a dasa zai zama yankin da kayan lambu ke samun isasshen rana da daki don girma. Ya kamata a haskaka wurin na akalla sa’o’i 10 a rana. Ƙasa ya kamata ya zama m, amma ba damp; yana da kyawawa cewa ya wuce danshi da kyau.
Ana iya inganta alumina ta hanyar haɗuwa da yashi a yankin da za a dasa shuka. Ana kuma haifar da magudanar ruwa na wucin gadi lokacin da aka saukowa a kan wani shinge – ta hanyar kara nisa tsakanin tushen da ruwan karkashin kasa.
Zucchini kayan lambu ne na rani, don haka ƙasa mai sanyi da sanyi na iya kashe ta. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki don girma shine + 22 ° C … + 24 ° C, kuma don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa – aƙalla + 15 ° C. Yawancin lokaci ana aiwatar da dasa shuki nan da nan, da zaran sanyin bazara ya ƙare.
Masu lambu sukan yi amfani da nau’in tsiri (hilly). A wannan yanayin, ana shuka tsire-tsire 2-3 a kusa don furanni su sami damar yin pollination. Kowace fure tana buɗe kwana 1 kawai, kuma idan ba kwari ko iska ba su gurbata ta, ba za a sami girbi ba.
Kuna iya yin aikin dasa shuki a cikin matakai 2: na farko ana yin shi a cikin bazara, a watan Mayu, tare da tsaba na farkon iri, kuma na biyu bayan girbi na farko. Wannan zai ƙara haɓaka aikin rukunin yanar gizon ku.
Ana shuka tsaba zuwa zurfin 2 cm. Idan ana aiwatar da dasa shuki “a kan tudu”, kuna buƙatar shuka tsaba 4-5 a kusa. Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin layuka, ana shuka tsaba 2 a cikin rami ɗaya tare da nisa na 1 m tsakanin su.
Bayan kulawa
Lokacin da zucchini ya fara girma, ba zai buƙaci kulawa da yawa ba. Zucchini ba sa buƙatar taki, saboda suna iya girma a ƙasa mai ƙarancin wadata. Bayan shuka iri, ana cire ciyawa a kusa da gangar jikin kuma an rufe wannan yanki da ciyawa.
Sau ɗaya a wata, za ku iya amfani da taki mai daidaitacce a cikin ruwa. Haɗin: nitrogen, potassium da phosphorus daidai gwargwado. Adadin aikace-aikacen – bisa ga umarnin akan kunshin.
Idan an gano sassan shukar marasa lafiya ko lalacewa, dole ne a cire su don hana yaduwar cutar da haɓaka ci gaban shuka na yau da kullun.
Dole ne a gurbata furanni don yin ‘ya’yan itace. Idan babu kwari masu pollinating, kuna buƙatar taimakawa aiwatar da kanku: don wannan, furen namiji mai tsayi mai tsayi yana buƙatar goge fure tare da stamen a tsakiyar. Haɓaka tsire-tsire da yawa gefe da gefe yana haɓaka pollination na iska.
Sharuɗɗan maturation
Lokacin ripening amfanin gona shine kwanaki 38-50, dangane da iri-iri. Zucchini na farko ya kamata ya kasance a shirye a kwanaki 37-39, matsakaici – a 40-45, marigayi – a 50. Da kyau, zabar ‘ya’yan itace zai iya farawa lokacin da suka kai girman 15-20 cm.
Idan ba a girbe su ba, sun zama masu wuya kuma ba su da dadi.
Muhimmanci! Idan kana so ka rage yawan ripening tsari na gaba tsari na ‘ya’yan itatuwa – kawai bar zucchini kaɗan ba a girbe a daji ba.
Tari da adana ‘ya’yan itatuwa
Don girbi ‘ya’yan itatuwa, kuna buƙatar yanke su da wuka mai kaifi. Kuna buƙatar yankewa a wurin da aka haɗa ‘ya’yan itace zuwa tushe – don kada ya lalata zucchini kanta. Za ku iya girbi ‘ya’yan itace kafin sanyi na farko idan tsire-tsire suna pollinated.
Matsalolin girma mai yiwuwa
Babban matsalar zucchini shine kwari. Akwai kaɗan daga cikinsu, amma dole ne a yi yaƙi da su sosai. Daga cikin manyan kwari: asu, gizo-gizo mites, aphids, whiteflies.
Asu na bayyana a ƙarshen Yuni – farkon Yuli. Babban aikin malam buɗe ido shine sanya ƙwai. Bayan ƙyanƙyashe, tsutsarwan suna tone cikin tushe kuma su fara ci a kai. Wannan yana rage samar da ruwa wanda ke ciyar da ‘ya’yan itace, wanda ke haifar da wilting.
Abu ne mai sauƙi don katse sake zagayowar bayyanar asu: kawai kuna buƙatar shuka zucchini har shekara 1. Rashin tsire-tsire zai haifar da mutuwar kwaro. Wata ingantacciyar hanyar sarrafa kwaro na jama’a ita ce nannade wani ɗan foil na aluminum a kusa da tushe na tushe.
Kuna buƙatar rufe da tsare game da 6-8 cm na tushe inda ya fito daga ƙasa. Larvae ba sa ci ta cikin foil.
Don kare tsire-tsire daga kwari, fesa akai-akai tare da maganin sabulun kwari ko maganin kwari na musamman akan kwaro da aka gano. Yawancin lokaci ana gudanar da jiyya guda 2: na farko yana kawar da duk kwari da ke akwai, kuma na biyu an tsara shi don cire tsararraki na gaba da aka haɗe daga ƙwai da aka dage farawa.
Ana yin magani na biyu bayan kwanaki 4-5 bayan na farko.
Courgettes suna da saukin kamuwa da powdery mildew, kwayan cuta wilt, downy mildew, yellow mosaic virus da launin toka mold. Duk wani cututtuka ya zama m ga shuka. Hanya mafi kyau don rigakafin ita ce ƙirƙirar yanayin da ya dace don shuka ya girma.
Zucchini ya kamata ya girma a wuri mai faɗi, samun shayarwar mako-mako zuwa yankin tushen, kuma yana da yalwar iska mai yawa a kusa.
Tushen kamuwa da cutar kwayan cuta shine tsotsar kwari: ƙwayoyin cuta suna shiga cikin daji a wuraren da suka lalace. Don haka, kawar da kwari shine kashi na biyu na matakan rigakafin cututtuka na wajibi.
Shin kun sani? Italiyanci sun kirkiro zucchini na zamani daga kabewa da aka kawo daga Amurka na mulkin mallaka, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa wasu girke-girke ke kiransa kabewa na Italiyanci.
Shawarwari don amfani a dafa abinci
Da kanta, zucchini ba shi da ɗanɗano. Kuma don ba shi dandano, ana soyayyen ‘ya’yan itatuwa, stewed, tafasa da kuma hidima tare da miya, ganye, kayan yaji.
Ga wasu ra’ayoyin dafa abinci na zucchini:
- Yanke zucchini cikin sanduna kuma ku ci tare da julienne, ko yin salatin daga gare ta;
- Yanke ’ya’yan itacen a yanka a tafasa a cikin tukunyar jirgi guda biyu sannan a ci kamar salatin, kana da dandano yadda kake so;
- mafi kyawun hanyar dafa abinci shine toya a cikin mai;
- Lokacin soya, zaka iya ƙara ganye da kayan yaji don dandano.
Don soya, yi amfani da sunflower ko man kwakwa, yana riƙe da halayensa a yanayin zafi. Kuma ga salads – man zaitun. Ba za ku iya toya akan shi ba, saboda zai rasa halayensa masu amfani.
Hakanan zaka iya gasa zucchini ko gwada gasa shi a cikin tanda….
