Yadda za a shuka zucchini a cikin greenhouse

Girma zucchini a cikin bude ƙasa abu ne mai sauƙi, duk da haka, don hanzarta ripening na wannan kayan lambu da kuma samun mafi girma amfanin gona, ana shuka shi sau da yawa a cikin greenhouses. Za a tattauna fasali na wannan tsari a cikin wannan labarin.

Babban fa’idodin girma zucchini a cikin greenhouse polycarbonate

Polycarbonate greenhouses suna da matukar bukata a tsakanin manoma na zamani, saboda suna da aminci da kariya mai dorewa ga amfanin gona da aka noma. Yawancin masu lambu suna tunani game da tambayar ko zai yiwu a shuka zucchini kuma menene amfanin wannan hanyar namo.

• Babban fa’idodin su ne:
• saurin balaga amfanin gona, farkon girbi yana ba ku damar siyar da kayayyaki a farashi mafi kyau;
• yawan amfanin gona mai yawa;
• ingantaccen dandano samfurin;
• kariya daga cututtuka masu yawa;
• amfanin gona yana da kariya daga mummunan tasirin yanayin yanayi, yiwuwar sanyin bazara;
• da ikon shuka amfanin gona daga farkon bazara zuwa kaka.

Iri na zucchini shawarar ga greenhouses

Don girma zucchini a cikin greenhouses, masana sun ba da shawarar kula da nau’ikan iri da hybrids masu zuwa, waɗanda aka fi samun nasarar girma saboda gaskiyar cewa Suna buƙatar yanki kaɗan kuma suna kawo girbi mai yawa.

Waɗannan nau’ikan iri iri ne ke da alaƙa da F1. Suna saurin aiwatar da tsarin ciyayi, suna da yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma ba sa dogara da pollination da kwari, wato, ko dai sun yi pollination da kansu ko kuma ba sa buƙatar pollination.

Hakanan ana ba da fifiko ga daji da nau’ikan hawa, idan tsayin greenhouse ya ba ku damar shigar da goyan bayan tsaye.

Baya ga abubuwan da aka fi so da aka ambata a sama, zaku iya shuka a cikin greenhouse:

Tushen farko:

• Jirgin sama;
• Moore;
• Tsibiri;
• Salman;
• Beluga;
• Jasmine;
• Ruwan ruwa da sauransu.

Tsakanin kakar:

• Gribovsky;
• Quandt;
• Jade, etc.

Mai saurin girma:

• Gyada;
• Spaghetti ravioli.

Pollined kai:

• Sangrum;
• Parthenon;
• bushe, da dai sauransu.

Sharuɗɗan dasa shuki seedlings a cikin greenhouse

Kuna iya shuka zucchini a cikin yanayin greenhouse duk shekara, amma ya fi dacewa da riba don yin hakan a ƙarshen hunturu, a farkon bazara, lokacin da wannan kayan lambu na farko ya fi buƙata tsakanin masu amfani.

Dangane da wannan, ya zama dole don fara shuka seedlings riga a cikin ƙarshen Fabrairu – farkon Maris, don samun farkon amfanin gona mai kama da kayan marmari a cikin shekaru goma na farko ko na biyu na Afrilu. Ya kamata a shirya dasa tsaba watanni 1 kafin dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse.

Muhimmanci! Ana iya adana tsaba na zucchini har zuwa shekaru 7 ba tare da rasa halayen su ba.

Don yin wannan, yi amfani da kofuna na peat, seedlings tare da ƙasa mai laushi ko ƙasa mai gina jiki na musamman, wanda aka sayar a cikin shaguna. Kuna iya ƙayyade shirye-shiryen dasa shuki ta hanyar kasancewar ganye da aka kafa.

Abubuwan buƙatu na asali don greenhouse

Idan akai la’akari da sigogi na greenhouse waɗanda suke da mahimmanci don girma zucchini, ya kamata ku sani:

1. Tsayin tsarin ya kamata ya kasance mai dadi ga mutumin da ke kula da dasa shuki kayan lambu, wato, ya zama akalla dan kadan fiye da tsayinsa.
2. Gidan greenhouse ya kamata ya kasance yana da wata hanya mai faɗi tsakanin layuka, kimanin 50 cm, wanda zai guje wa lalacewa ga bushes masu rauni. Gadaje da kansu ya kamata su zama 80-100 cm fadi.
3. Yankin greenhouse dole ne ya zama aƙalla 50 m².
4. Samun iska a cikin greenhouse yana da mahimmanci don kauce wa tarin danshi da kuma samar da canjin iska mai dacewa. Don wannan, ana ƙirƙira ƙofofi da kofofi a cikin greenhouse daga ƙarshen biyu.
5. Dumama a cikin greenhouse na iya kasancewa, duk da haka, wannan ba abin da ake bukata ba ne. Don waɗannan dalilai ana iya amfani da su: tukunyar jirgi na lantarki, murhun itace, dumama. Don zafi greenhouses tare da zucchini, za ka iya amfani da biofuel, wanda ya hada da ruɓaɓɓen taki da bambaro.
6. Yana yiwuwa a ba da greenhouse tare da tsarin ban ruwa na drip ta atomatik.

Siffofin girma zucchini

Girma zucchini ba kasuwanci ne mai wahala ba, tunda wannan kayan lambu ba ya buƙatar takamaiman yanayin girma da kulawa.

Koyaya, don samun amfanin gona mai inganci da girma, yakamata a sarrafa yanayin girma masu zuwa:

1. Ƙasa ya kamata ya zama mai gina jiki, yana dauke da kwayoyin halitta da kayan ma’adinai tare da tsaka tsaki acidity. Ana iya ƙara peat, sawdust da humus a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, kuma ana iya ƙara takin a cikin yashi tare da peat.
2. Samar da ban ruwa.
3. Shirya sau uku gabatarwar babban sutura a lokacin girma kakar.
4. Ƙirƙirar yanayi tare da mafi kyawun microclimate.

Yadda za a shirya seedlings

Wata daya kafin ranar da aka sa ran dasa shuki a cikin greenhouses, wajibi ne a dasa tsaba a cikin kwantena da aka shirya tare da ƙasa mai laushi. Squash tsaba suna girma sosai, duk da haka, don haɓaka haɓakarsu, ana iya bi da su tare da mai haɓaka girma ko kuma a jika su cikin ruwan dumi na tsawon awanni 3.

Ƙasar kafin dasa shuki kuma yana buƙatar shirya, don wannan ana shayar da ruwa mai dumi kuma a bar shi har kwana ɗaya. Bayan haka, ana nutsar da tsaba a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin 3 cm, an binne su kuma ana shayar da su.

Ana yin ban ruwa a kai a kai, tun da al’adun suna son ruwa, duk da haka, ya kamata a kula da yanayin ƙasa kuma kada a yarda da danshi mai yawa.

Ba a ba da shawarar shuka zucchini shekaru biyu a jere a kan gado ɗaya ba, ya kamata ku bi ka’idodin juyawa amfanin gona.

Lokacin da harbe na farko suka bayyana a saman ƙasa, akwatin seedling ko kofuna na peat ana tura su zuwa wani ɗaki mai haske. A lokacin rana, yawan zafin jiki na iska ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin + 20 … + 22˚C, da dare – + 16 … + 17˚C.

Da zaran ganye ya bayyana akan tsiron, ana iya dasa shi zuwa gadon greenhouse. Wannan yana faruwa kamar kwanaki 25 bayan dasa shuki.

Dasawa

Za a iya dasa shuki na zucchini a cikin greenhouses marasa zafi a ƙarshen Afrilu, amma idan an yi dasa shuki a baya kuma tsire-tsire suna shirye don dasawa kafin lokacin da aka ƙayyade, to ƙasa tana buƙatar mai zafi. Don yin wannan, zaku iya lalata taki mai ruɓe gauraye da bambaro a kan gadaje kuma ku yayyafa shi da ƙasan ƙasa na 20-25 cm.

Daga sama, shuka squash seedlings. Kafin dasa shuki, ana shayar da ƙasa da ruwan dumi. An dasa shuki a cikin layuka, tare da tazara na 70-80 cm da nisa tsakanin layuka na 80-100 cm, ko kuma a cikin hanyar da aka yi da murabba’i. Seedlings suna immersed a cikin ƙasa zuwa na farko ganye.

Pollination

A matsayinka na mai mulki, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun lambu suna ba da shawarar zaɓar ko dai nau’in zucchini na pollinating kai tsaye, ko waɗanda ba sa buƙatar pollination, tunda dama ta yanayi na kwari zuwa greenhouse yana iyakance. Idan an zaɓi wani iri-iri don dasa shuki, to, yanayi mai wahala zai iya tashi, tunda furannin maza a kan ciyawar squash sun bayyana bayan kwanaki 10 fiye da na mata kuma tsarin pollination bazai faru ba.

Don hana wannan, zaku iya amfani da shawarwarin da dasa shuki a cikin matakai biyu, tare da tazara na kwanaki 10, sannan kuyi pollinate da hannu tare da buɗe buds a lokaci guda. Har ila yau, akwai hanyar da za a iya jawo kwari masu pollinating zuwa cikin greenhouse ta hanyar amfani da baits a lokacin iska.

Umarnin kulawa

Kula da amfanin gona a cikin yanayin greenhouse ya ƙunshi musamman a lura:

• tsarin zafin jiki;
• kungiyar ban ruwa;
• aikace-aikacen taki;
• tabbatar da samun iska na greenhouse da kiyaye zafi a cikin 65%;
• sassauta ƙasa bayan shayarwa da mulching don riƙe danshi;
• kawar da sako;
• samuwar daji, cire ganyen ƙasa akan ciyayi masu kauri tare da ganye sama da 15 don haɓaka haɓaka da haɓaka iska;
• garter a kan trellis, a cikin yanayin girma dogayen bushes.

Bidiyo: Asirin farkon girbi na zucchini

Yanayin zafi

Zucchini yana son zafi, amma ba zafi ba, sabili da haka a lokacin rana a cikin greenhouse, iska ya kamata a warmed har zuwa + 23˚C, da dare wannan adadi zai iya sauke zuwa + 17˚C, yayin da ƙasa zafin jiki ya zama + 20 … + 25˚C.

Wuce irin waɗannan alamomi na iya haifar da zubar da ovaries daga daji, kuma rashin isasshen zafi zai yi tasiri a kan ci gaban shuka. Idan zafin iska ya tashi da karfi tare da zuwan zafi, to shuka yana buƙatar samar da adadin danshi mai girma, wanda ke nufin ƙara yawan shayarwa.

Shin kun sani? Matasa ‘ya’yan itacen zucchini sun fi tsofaffi arziƙi kuma sun fi ɗanɗano, wasu nau’in waɗannan kayan lambu ma ana iya cin su danye a cikin salati.

Yadda ake ruwa

A matsakaita, watering zucchini a cikin greenhouse wajibi ne sau ɗaya a mako, duk da haka, wajibi ne don sarrafa yanayin saman ƙasa. Idan ƙananan fasa sun bayyana akan shi, to shuka yana buƙatar danshi.

Don ban ruwa amfani da ruwa a dakin da zafin jiki kuma, idan ya cancanta, samar da shi da dumama. Adadin shan ruwa don daji 1 shine guga na ruwa. Yawan shayarwa yana ƙaruwa a cikin rana da yanayin zafi, da kuma lokacin da ovary na farko ya bayyana akan bushes. A wannan lokacin, yawan ban ruwa na iya zama sau 2-3 a mako. Ana dakatar da shayarwa mako guda kafin ranar da ake sa ran fara girbi na ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu girma.

Yadda ake ciyarwa

Aikace-aikacen farko na takin mai magani yana faruwa a matakin shirye-shiryen ƙasa kafin shuka iri.

Sa’an nan, don ƙara yawan haihuwa, zaka iya amfani da:

• superphosphates;
• urea;
• potassium sulfate;
• toka

Muhimmanci! Nitrogen takin mai magani yana haifar da karuwa a cikin koren taro, kuma yana jinkirta samuwar furanni da ovaries akan bushes, don haka ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da su ba.

Ana aiwatar da ƙarin hadi yayin fure da ‘ya’yan itace:

• hadaddun takin mai magani a lokacin bayyanar furanni a kan bushes zai taimaka wajen tabbatar da girbi mai kyau. Don yin wannan, ana shayar da su cikin ruwa kuma ana shayar da bushes tare da bayani, aiwatar da ciyarwar tushen, zaku iya ƙara gilashin 1 na ash ga kowane daji;
• lokacin da daji ya fara ba da ‘ya’ya, ana yin hadi 3. Yana da kyawawa don amfani da kwayoyin halitta don waɗannan dalilai: jiko na zubar da tsuntsaye ko mullein, superphosphates.

Girbi da adana amfanin gona

Don girbi zucchini greenhouse, dole ne ku bi wasu dokoki:

• ana tarawa kowace rana don hana ƴaƴan ƴaƴan marmari da yawa da tsugunar da wasu;
• tsawon ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu girma ya kamata ya kai 20 cm;
• zucchini balagagge yana da sauti mara kyau idan an taɓa shi;
• don hana rauni ga daji, wajibi ne a yanke ‘ya’yan itatuwa da wuka daga daji.

An girbe amfanin gona na ƙarshe a cikin greenhouse a watan Agusta.
Don samun nasarar ajiyar zucchini, wajibi ne a saka ‘ya’yan itatuwa da ba a wanke ba a cikin kwalaye kuma aika su zuwa dakin sanyi.

Girma zucchini a cikin greenhouse wani tsari ne mai sauƙi, tun da al’adun ba su da tushe a cikin kulawa kuma baya buƙatar yanayi na musamman don dasa shuki. Kayan lambu suna son shayarwa, suna girma cikin sauri kuma galibi ana girma a cikin yanayin greenhouse don siyarwa azaman kayan lambu na farko na bazara.