Zucchini, wanda aka bambanta ta hanyar rigakafi mai karfi, babban mahimmanci da yawan aiki, har yanzu ba shi da kariya daga sakamakon mummunan abubuwa. Mafi sau da yawa, bushes amsa musu tare da yellowing na ganye, ‘ya’yan itatuwa, ovaries. Bayan lura yellowness a kan kowane bangare na shuke-shuke, da sauri ƙayyade dalilin wannan sabon abu da kuma kawar da shi.
Dalilan yellowing zucchini
Yellowing na zucchini ya halatta a cikin akwati ɗaya kawai – idan waɗannan su ne siffofin iri-iri. A duk sauran lokuta, canjin launi daga kore zuwa rawaya yana nuna matsaloli.
Rashin yarda da jujjuya amfanin gona
Yawancin lambu sau da yawa suna yin watsi da ka’idodin jujjuya amfanin gona, suna gaskanta cewa wannan buƙatun agrotechnical ya shafi manyan filayen noma. A gaskiya ma, cancantar canjin amfanin gona a cikin lambun wani yanayi ne mai mahimmanci don nasarar noman kayan lambu.
Ba za a iya dasa zucchini ba bayan amfanin gona na kabewa:
- kankana;
- kokwamba;
- squash;
- zucchini da kansu.
Matsakaicin tazarar sake dasawa shine shekaru 3. Abubuwan amfanin gona na iyali ɗaya suna ɗaukar kayan abinci iri ɗaya daga ƙasa kuma suna barin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙasa waɗanda ke shafar amfanin gona iri ɗaya.
Ruwan da ba daidai ba
Zucchini yana buƙatar ruwa akai-akai. Rashin cin zarafi na tsarin ban ruwa yana rinjayar yanayin tsire-tsire.
Dalilin yellowing zucchini:
- tsire-tsire suna da ƙarancin danshi;
- watering ya wuce kima – tushen shuke-shuke ya fara rot;
- ruwan yana da sanyi sosai ko wuya – wannan yana cutar da hanyoyin karkashin kasa;
- shayarwa a lokacin da ba daidai ba na rana – a lokacin babban matsayi na rana.
Yadda ake shayar da zucchini don kada su juya rawaya:
- shayar da gadaje kamar yadda ake bukata – da zarar ƙasa a cikin yankin tushen ya bushe;
- Kada ku ƙyale ƙasa ta bushe, kuma kada ruwa ya bushe;
- amfani da ruwa mai zafi a rana don ban ruwa;
- shayar da tsire-tsire don kada ruwa ya fada a kan ganye – kuna iya bayyana;
- shayar da zucchini da safe ko maraice lokacin da babu rana mai haske.
Rashin abubuwan ma’adinai
Rashin abinci mai gina jiki yana rinjayar yanayin tsire-tsire, wanda nan da nan ya shafi bayyanar su. Yawanci rashi na ma’adanai yana haifar da chlorosis. Tsire-tsire suna faɗuwa, ganyen su ya bushe, ‘ya’yan itatuwa sun zama rawaya kuma sun bambanta da harbe.
Yana da wuya a tantance ta ido wanda microelement ya rasa a cikin tsire-tsire. Masu lambu sun fi son yin amfani da takin zamani masu rikitarwa waɗanda ke da duk ma’adanai masu mahimmanci waɗanda zucchini na iya buƙata.
Yadda ake ciyar da zucchini:
- Agricola;
- Diammophos;
- boric acid (1 g da lita 1) – fesa a kan ganye;
- aidin (40 ml da lita 10 na ruwa).
Ana ba da shawarar yin suturar saman foliar (spraying) a bushe da kwanciyar hankali, da safe ko maraice. Idan ruwan sama ya wanke abin da aka fesa, dole ne a maimaita hanyar.
Yawancin abubuwan gina jiki
Yellowing na ganye ana lura ba kawai tare da rashi na gina jiki, amma kuma tare da wuce haddi. Masu lambu marasa gogewa suna yin takin akai-akai (saboda kyakkyawan dalili) kuma tsire-tsire suna shan wahala a sakamakon haka. Irin wannan suturar saman yana da illa musamman.
Zucchini yana mayar da martani sosai ga wuce haddi na chlorine a cikin ƙasa. Saboda shi, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna canza launi, sun zama marasa dadi. Potassium chloride an bada shawarar a yi amfani da shi a cikin kaka. Madadin haka, zaku iya ƙara potassium sulfate.
Ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da taki sosai a cikin bazara; lokacin dasa shuki, wannan na iya haifar da ƙonewar tushen. Zai fi kyau ƙara shi a cikin fall, don digging.
M koren taro
Idan zucchini ya girma a kan ƙasa mai albarka mai wadatar kwayoyin halitta (nitrogen), suna ƙaruwa da yawa. Godiya ga manyan ganye, ana kiyaye shuka daga zafi mai zafi, amma idan akwai da yawa daga cikinsu, musayar iska ta al’ada ta daji ta damu.
Idan kanti ya yi yawa lush, an jinkirta evaporation na danshi, kuma an halicci yanayi mai kyau don ci gaban cututtukan fungal.
Yadda za a gyara matsalar:
- Cire wasu manyan ganye da ke saman ‘ya’yan itacen.
- Dole ne a yayyafa yanki na petioles da toka na itace ko kunna gawayi don hana kamuwa da cuta.
Yana faruwa cewa furanni masu lalacewa suna cutar da ‘ya’yan itatuwa – tukwicinsu sun lalace. Don hana faruwar hakan, a hankali cire duk furannin furanni da zaran ‘ya’yan itacen suka fito.
Don kada ganyen bushes ba su rufe, kuma shuka ba su da yawa, yana da mahimmanci a bi tsarin girma lokacin dasa shuki – 70-80 x 90-100 cm.
Me yasa ovaries na zucchini suka juya rawaya?
Idan yawancin ovaries sun samo asali a kan zucchini bushes, wasu daga cikinsu sun bushe, tun da daji yana iya ciyar da ƙananan ‘ya’yan itatuwa. Ita kanta shuka tana daidaita adadin ovaries, bisa ga iyawarta.
Idan da yawa daga cikinsu sun bushe, akwai dalilin damuwa. Yana da mahimmanci a gano dalilin wannan yanayin kuma a kawar da shi.
Rashin ruwa da matsanancin zafi
Zucchini yana jure wa fari, saboda suna iya tara danshi a cikin mai tushe da ganye. Amma, idan tsire-tsire akai-akai suna fuskantar rashin danshi, ovaries su juya rawaya kuma su faɗi. Irin wannan al’amari dangane da ‘ya’yan itatuwa matasa yana haifar da zafi – karuwa a zazzabi zuwa + 40 ° C.
Babban yanayin zafi a zahiri tafasa matasa zucchini. Suna yin laushi, suna samun tsarin auduga. Rufin masana’anta wanda ke kare tsire-tsire daga hasken rana kai tsaye yana taimakawa wajen guje wa lalacewa ga amfanin gona. Har ila yau, a cikin zafi, ƙara yawan yawan ruwa.
kwari
Daya daga cikin dalilai na yellowing na ovaries, bi da su fall. Kwari daban-daban na iya haifar da irin wannan yanayin. Waɗannan su ne galibin kwari waɗanda ke ciyar da ruwan tsiro.
Yellowing da fadowar ovaries na iya faruwa saboda kwari masu zuwa:
- Spider mite. Ƙananan ƙwari masu tsotsa suna jujjuya yanar gizo suna tsotse ruwan ‘ya’yan itace daga ganye da harbe. Suna karuwa sosai tare da rashin ruwa kuma cikin matsanancin zafi. Ana ba da shawarar fesa shuka tare da Iskra, Fitoverm da sauran magungunan kwari.
- Afir. Suna zaune a cikin yankuna a gefen baya na ganye. Suna tsotse ruwan ‘ya’yan itace daga tsirrai. Bushes suna rage girman girma, bushewa, ovaries suna juya rawaya kuma suna faɗi. Jiyya tare da mafita na ash itace (300 g da 1 l) ko sabulu (200 g da 10 l) ana bada shawarar.
- Whitefly Ƙananan moths, tsutsa wanda ke tsotse ruwan ‘ya’yan itace daga sassan tsire-tsire na iska. Ana ba da shawarar shayar da bushes tare da jet a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba don saukar da kwari. Yin fesa tare da maganin sabulun wanki da aka goge shima yana da tasiri (daidai da aphids).
Rashin pollination
Don samar da ‘ya’yan itace, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar pollination, wanda aka canja wurin pollen daga furanni maza zuwa mace. Yawancin lokaci kwari ne ke yin wannan manufa. Amma ba sa tashi idan yanayi yayi sanyi da jika. Furanni ba su da pollinated, kuma ovaries sun bushe, ‘ya’yan itatuwa ba su samuwa ba.
Domin kada a rasa amfanin gona, masu lambu dole ne su yi pollination shuke-shuke da kansu. Don yin wannan, ɗauki furannin maza kuma ku gudanar da stamen a kan pistils na mace. Ba shi da wuya a bambanta furen namiji daga mace – yana da tsayi da ƙananan ƙafafu. A cikin furanni na mata, ana iya ganin ovary daga ƙarƙashin petals.
Ga furanni maza da ake amfani da su don yin pollination, cire furanni kafin yin pollination. Daya toho zai iya pollinate 2-3 furanni furanni.
Yadda ake jan hankalin kwari zuwa lambun:
- shuka furanni tare da kamshi mai ƙarfi kusa da gadaje;
- fesa bushes tare da bayani na zuma / sukari – 1 tbsp. l. don lita 1 na ruwa;
- yanke ganyen da ke rufe furanni.
Dasa nau’in parthenocarpic yana taimakawa wajen kawar da matsalar pollination. Ba sa buƙatar pollination don haɓaka ovaries. Waɗannan su ne hybrids. Ba kamar na yau da kullun ba, ‘ya’yan itatuwansu ba su da iri.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da yellowing ganye
yellowness na ganye abu ne na kowa lokacin girma zucchini. Irin wannan dauki yawanci ana lura da cin zarafin noma da cututtuka daban-daban.
Saukowa da wuri da yanayin sanyi
Zucchini yana da bushes masu ƙarfi tare da babban ƙarfin girma. A lokaci guda kuma, ganyen su, har zuwa taɓawa, suna da taushi da sako-sako.
Sauye-sauyen sanyi da zafin jiki mara kyau yana shafar yanayin tsire-tsire, yana raunana rigakafi, yana haifar da cututtuka. Ɗaya daga cikin alamun da aka fi sani shine launin rawaya na ganye.
Dasa zucchini akan lokaci yana taimakawa wajen gujewa matsaloli. Kar a dasa su da wuri. Dasa shuki da wuri yana haifar da al’adun son zafi don fama da rashin zafi. A cikin tsire-tsire, samuwar chlorophyll yana raguwa.
Zucchini girma da sauri. Suna da lokaci don ba da girbi, ko da an dasa su a watan Yuni a cikin bude ƙasa. Shuka zucchini a cikin greenhouses a farkon watan Mayu. Har sai an tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali, ana bada shawara don rufe seedlings tare da agrofibre.
Rashin ƙananan abubuwa da macro
Rashin abinci mai gina jiki shine mafi yawan dalilin da ke haifar da launin rawaya a cikin zucchini. Bisa ga nuances na canza launi, masanin aikin gona ya ƙayyade wane nau’in tsire-tsire ya rasa. Masu lambu na yau da kullun ba sa shiga cikin irin wannan dabarar, kuma ana ba su shawarar magance matsalar tare da taimakon takin mai magani masu rikitarwa.
Alamomin rashi na macro- da microelements:
- idan bushes sun juya launin rawaya na matakin farko, mai yiwuwa suna buƙatar phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, nitrogen;
- yellowing na ganye a cikin babba na tsire-tsire yana nuna rashin ƙarfe, boron, manganese.
Babban sutura yana taimakawa wajen magance matsalar:
- Ferovit da Antichlorosis daga baƙin ƙarfe chlorosis. Waɗannan samfuran sun ƙunshi jan ƙarfe sulfate da citric acid.
- Agricola da Diammofoska. Wadannan hadaddun takin mai magani sun ƙunshi mai yawa nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron, copper, zinc, iron, manganese.
Kuna iya magance matsalar ƙarancin abubuwan ganowa tare da taimakon magungunan jama’a:
- Yisti. Cika ƙasa tare da bitamin, enzymes, ma’adanai, amino acid. Mai tasiri kawai a cikin ƙasa mai dumi.
- Boric acid. Ana amfani da shi don ƙarancin boron. Yana inganta rooting na seedlings kuma yana ƙara rigakafi na shuke-shuke. Tsarma 5 g a cikin lita 10 na ruwa. Fesa kan ganye.
- Itace toka. Aiwatar da rashin potassium. Don 1 sq. m – 200-300 ml.
Halin chlorosis mara kamuwa da cuta yana yiwuwa lokacin da ɓawon burodi ya bayyana a saman ƙasa. Don hana faruwar hakan, yana da mahimmanci a sassauta hanyoyin a kan lokaci.
Babban acidity na ƙasa
Zucchini baya girma sosai a cikin ƙasa acidic. Matsayin acidity na kusan 5.5 pH ana ɗaukarsa yayi girma. Mummunan sakamakon girma akan ƙasa acidic yana bayyana ‘yan kwanaki bayan dasa shuki. Seedlings rasa ikon sha abinci kullum.
Zucchini da aka dasa a cikin ƙasa acidic ya bushe kuma ya bushe. Deoxidation yana taimakawa wajen hana wannan al’amari, wanda aka yi ta amfani da ash ko lemun tsami – 200 g da 1 sq. m.
Cin zarafin fasahar noma
Yellowing ganye a zucchini yakan faru ne lokacin da aka keta ayyukan noma. Duk wani sakaci na ka’idojin shuka wannan amfanin gona na iya haifar da wannan lamari.
Menene keta fasahar aikin gona ke haifar da yellowness na ganye:
- Rashin haske. Idan an sanya gadaje na squash a cikin shading, mai tushe ya shimfiɗa kuma ya zama bakin ciki. Ganyen sun juya rawaya, furanni kaɗan da ovaries an kafa su.
- Ba daidai ba watering. Zucchini yana buƙatar danshi mai yawa, amma ba tare da tsayawa ruwa a cikin gadaje ba. Don hana ganyen su zama rawaya, ana shayar da tsire-tsire akai-akai, da safe da maraice. A lokaci guda kuma, kada ruwa ya fada a cikin ganyayyaki.
saukowa mai yawa
Zucchini na da manya-manyan ganye wadanda idan aka dasa su da yawa suna toshe hasken rana daga juna. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin tsire-tsire masu yawa, tsire-tsire suna fara gasa don abinci.
Kauri yana haifar da ba kawai yellowing na ganye ba, har ma yana haifar da cututtuka daban-daban, da farko na fungal.
Kula da tsarin dasa zucchini yana taimakawa wajen guje wa matsalar:
- nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire – 70-80 cm;
- nisa tsakanin layuka – 90-100 cm.
Idan ganye har yanzu sun juya rawaya, a hankali cire su. Yayyafa yanke/karye da tokar itace don hana kamuwa da cuta.
Har ila yau, dalilin kauri na iya zama girman girman ganye, wanda ake lura da shi lokacin da ake amfani da kwayoyin halitta da takin mai magani na nitrogen, wanda ke haifar da ci gaban koren taro. Don hana faruwar hakan, ana ba da shawarar amfani da takin da aka ambata a cikin kaka da farkon bazara, kafin farkon ciyayi mai hadari.
cuta
Zucchini, kamar kowane amfanin gona na lambu, kwari yana kaiwa hari kuma yana fama da cututtuka. Daya daga cikin alamomin…
