Matakan zucchini koyaushe suna buƙata a tsakanin mazauna rani saboda halayen da aka haɓaka ta zaɓi. Karanta game da ɗayan mafi yawan nau’ikan iri a cikin labarinmu.
Zucchini iri-iri Iskander
Zucchini bar Iskander hange
‘Ya’yan itãcen zucchini suna kodadde kore a launi
Bayani da halaye na iri-iri Iskander F1
A cikin ‘yan shekarun nan, Iskander F1 na Dutch hybrid yana samun karuwa sosai. Kyakkyawan yawan amfanin ƙasa, rashin fahimta da farkon girma yana sanya shi a cikin shugabanni tsakanin zucchini.
Yankin girma
Sakamakon zaɓi na zamani yana faɗaɗa yanayin dasa shuki marrows. Iskander zai ji daɗi duka a tsakiyar tsakiyar Rasha da yankin Gabas mai Nisa, ba zai ji tsoron ɗan gajeren lokacin rani na Siberiya ba kuma zai faranta wa Urals da yankin Volga tare da ‘ya’yan itatuwa. Da farko, an haɗa shi a cikin Rijistar Jiha na Ayyukan Kiwo na Rasha don yankin Nizhnevolzhsky don buɗe ƙasa.
Bayyanar
Itacen yana da ƙarfi, ƙarfi da daji. Ganyen kore tare da bayyana tabo manya ne, an wargaje su.
‘Ya’yan itãcen Iskander F1 kodadde kore ne tare da ƙananan haske. Su ƙanana ne, masu siffar kulob, suna tafe a tushe. Nauyin samfurin ya bambanta daga 500-700 g, zucchini da wuya ya kai fiye da 20 cm tsayi. Bawon bakin ciki tare da abin rufewar kakin zuma da kyar ake iya cirewa da wuka.
Yawan aiki da iyakokin ‘ya’yan itatuwa
Iskander F1 ya shahara saboda yawan amfanin sa: matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa ya kai 916 centina a kowace hectare ko har zuwa kilogiram 17 a kowace daji.
Yawan amfanin nau’in ya kusan sau 37 sama da ma’aunin Gribovskie 2 zucchini!
Farkon farkon nau’in iri-iri yana ba ku damar tattara kyawawan amfanin gona a cikin kwanaki 40-50 bayan dasa shuki. Gidajen kore da gadaje da aka rufe za su ba da damar kayan lambu su yi girma har ma da sauri. Ƙarshen fruiting ya zo ne kawai tare da sanyi na farko. Saboda kyakkyawan amfanin sa da rashin fahimta, ana ba da shawarar zucchini don noman masana’antu.
Ana adana ɗanɗanon ɗanɗanon Iskander wanda ba a taɓa gani ba a duk lokacin kakar. Naman yana da kirim fari, m da taushi. Ana amfani da iri-iri don dalilai na tebur, baya rasa kaddarorin sa yayin daskarewa da kiyayewa.
Bita na bidiyo na iri-iri na Iskander zucchini, duba bidiyon mai zuwa:
Cuta da juriya na kwari
Iri-iri yana da kyakkyawan juriya ga cututtukan zucchini na kowa. Don kula da juriya na cututtuka, rigakafin ya fi dacewa: lura da jujjuyawar amfanin gona, kula da matakan danshi mafi kyau, ciyawar yau da kullun da sassautawa. Sake dasa shuki da saukowa a cikin ƙasa bayan ko kusa da wakilan kabewa ba a yarda da su ba.
Dasa da girma zucchini Iskander F1
Akwai manyan hanyoyi guda biyu don dasa zucchini:
- seedling;
- dasa tsaba a cikin ƙasa.
Bari mu yi la’akari da kowannensu dalla-dalla.
Hanyar shuka iri
Hanyar seedling ya fi wahala da tsada, amma girbi na farko zai faranta wa makonni 2-3 a baya. Shuka seedlings yana farawa kimanin wata guda kafin aiki mai aiki a gonar.
Shirye-shiryen iri
Ana yin shirye-shiryen tsaba don seedlings a cikin tsari mai zuwa:
- jiƙa a cikin maganin haɓaka haɓakar haɓaka har zuwa sa’o’i 24;
- adana tsaba a cikin rigar rigar na sa’o’i 24-48 a zazzabi na digiri 22-24.
A cikin nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan iri ba zai yiwu ba. Zai fi kyau saya kayan inganci don shuka daga amintattun masu kaya.
Seeding ga seedlings
Don ci gaban shuka mai aiki, yana da kyawawa don amfani da ƙasa mai takin. Peat, taki, humus sun dace da ƙari.
Kuna iya da kansa shirya matsakaicin abinci mai gina jiki don seedlings. Don wannan kuna buƙatar:
- sawdust 1 part;
- peat 5 sassa;
- humus 5 sassa;
- 0,5 kofuna na ash da 5 g na ammonium nitrate da lita 10 na cakuda.
Zai fi kyau shuka tsaba a cikin peat molds, saboda matasa zucchini ba sa son dasawa. Ko, lokacin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe, canja wurin tsire-tsire tare da ƙasa don kada ya cutar da tushen.
An cika kwantena dasa da ƙasa da aka shirya kuma ana shayar da su, an shimfiɗa tsaba zuwa zurfin 3-4 cm.
Kula da seedlings
Kula da seedling ya haɗa da shayarwa, takin zamani da kiyaye tsarin zafin jiki mai kyau. Kafin bayyanar sprouts, mafi kyawun zafin jiki zai zama digiri 18-25, bayan digiri 17-20 a rana da 13-15 da dare. Ana aiwatar da seedlings na musamman tare da ruwan dumi kowane kwanaki 5-7.
A lokacin girma na shuka, ana iya aiwatar da kayan ado na sama 2 – mako guda bayan germination, sannan wani bayan lokaci guda. A karo na farko, an shirya wani bayani a cikin adadin 0,5 tsp. urea a kowace lita na ruwa tare da cin 0,5 kofuna na kowace shuka. Lokaci na biyu – 1 tsp. nitrophoska da lita, amfani – 200-250 ml da sprout.
Dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa yana faruwa bayan ƙarshen sanyi, lokacin da shuka ya riga ya girma 2-3 ganye na gaskiya.
Dasa tsaba a cikin ƙasa
Ana dasa tsaba da aka shirya nan da nan a cikin ƙasa, amma a cikin zafi mai zafi – zafin jiki a zurfin 5-6 cm ba ƙasa da digiri 8-10 ba. Germination zai dogara ne akan wuri da ingancin ƙasa.
Zaɓin Yanar Gizo
Babban mahimmanci a zabar wurin saukowa shine ingancin ƙasa. Mafi kyawun zaɓi zai zama ƙasa mai haske tare da tsaka tsaki acidity a gefen rana. Ruwan ƙasa bai kamata ya kasance kusa ba, kuma ƙasa tana buƙatar dumama mai kyau a duk tsawon lokacin girma shuka.
Da kyau, idan shuka zai faru bayan dankali, albasa, nightshade ko legumes.
Shirye-shiryen ƙasa
Zucchini, kamar kowane kayan lambu, yana son ƙasa mai laushi, don haka kayan ado na sama yana da mahimmanci ga yawan amfanin ƙasa. Amma kafin aiwatar da shi, yana da mahimmanci a yi la’akari da irin ƙasa. Alal misali, ƙasa mai acidic ya kamata a sanya alkalized, yayin da taki ya isa ga ƙasa tsaka tsaki.
Don iyakar sakamako, ana aiwatar da alkalization a cikin fall.
Zaɓuɓɓukan hakin ƙasa a cikin tebur:
Nau’in ƙasa Nau’in taki da 1 sq m Sandy Peat ko Turf 10 kg da 2 kg na sawdust ko takin, dintsi na ash Clay / loam 2-3 kilogiram na peat ko turf da takin ko sawdust, dintsi na ash Peat 10 kilogiram na turf ko takin, dintsi na ash, 15-20 g na potassium sulfate da superphosphate.
Tsarin saukarwa
Don tabbatar da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki, ana bada shawarar bin tsarin dasa shuki na 150-200 × 60-70 cm.
An shirya ramukan 15-20 cm mai zurfi kuma kusan 30 cm fadi don tsire-tsire, ana shuka tsaba zuwa zurfin 4-6 cm. Ana shayar da su sosai kuma ana amfani da cakuda takin humic da azofoska.
Ana dasa tsire-tsire zuwa cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa da yamma ko cikin yanayin girgije.
Siffofin kulawa da zucchini Iskander F1
Iskander F1 iri-iri ne mara ma’ana, amma kulawa da kulawa da kyau zai ba ku damar samun matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa mai inganci.
Ruwa
Zucchini yana jure wa bushewar yanayi da kyau, amma don cikakken girma da haɓaka, ana buƙatar shayar da kusan lita 20 a kowane daji. Yana da mahimmanci musamman a farkon lokacin girma, lokacin da shuka kawai ke samun ƙarfi.
Don ban ruwa, wajibi ne don saka idanu bushewar ƙasa, a matsakaicin sau 1-2 a mako zai isa. Ana samar da shi da ruwan dumi kai tsaye a ƙasa a ƙarƙashin tushen don guje wa lalacewa a kan ganye da kwai.
Ƙarin hadi
Hadi na yau da kullun yana ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa da kashi 40-50%. Ana ɗaukar ciyarwa 3 a kowace kakar mafi kyau:
- a gaban 3-4 zanen gado na gaskiya;
- a farkon bayyanar ovary:
- a lokacin fruiting.
Bugu da kari na farko na additives ana aiwatar da wannan cakuda: 20 g na ammonium da potassium nitrate, 40 g na superphosphate da guga na ruwa. Kyakkyawan zaɓi shine amfani da maganin taki kaza (1 zuwa 20) ko mullein (1 zuwa 10) a cikin ƙarar lita 2 a kowace shuka.
A cikin ciyarwa na biyu da na uku, an shirya abun da ke gina jiki daga 50 g na superphosphate da 50 g na potassium nitrate da guga na ruwa.
Zucchini baya son takin mai dauke da sinadarin chlorine.
Fesa
Fesa zucchini yana da burin 2:
- ƙara juriya ga kwari da cututtuka;
- janyo hankalin kwari don inganta pollination.
Don ƙara rigakafi na shuka don fesa, ana iya amfani da magungunan jama’a: infusions na albasa da bawoyin tafarnuwa, jiko na taba ko maganin ash da sabulu.
Don jawo hankalin pollinators, ana amfani da bayani mai zaki: 5 g na boric acid an narkar da shi a cikin guga na ruwa, an ƙara sukari. Wannan zabin ya dace da greenhouse zucchini.
Loosening, weeding da mulching
Sake ƙasa zai ƙara ƙarfin ɗaukarsa don danshi, iska da zafi. Amma za a buƙaci kulawa ta musamman saboda tushen zucchini da ke kusa da saman. Ciki tare da peat da humus zai sauƙaƙe wannan aikin.
Ana aiwatar da ciyawa yayin da ciyawa ke girma. Wajibi ne a kula da su a hankali yayin lokacin girma girma na shuka. Bayan manyan ganyen zucchini za su fara toshe ci gaban sauran tsire-tsire, kuma gadon zai kasance kusan tsabta.
Girbi da adana amfanin gona
Farkon farkon Iskander yana ba da damar tattara kayan lambu na farko a cikin kwanaki 40-45 bayan germination. Cire zucchini daga daji a bushe bushe sau 2-3 a mako. Wani sabon abu na nau’in nau’in shine cewa mafi girman kudade, ƙarin sababbin ovaries.
Ana iya adana kayan lambu masu kyau a cikin ginshiki har zuwa watanni 6 a yanayin zafi har zuwa +10 digiri. Balaga yana da sauƙin dubawa: kwasfa ya zama mai ƙarfi kuma baya ba da kai ga karce, kuma sautin lokacin da aka taɓa shi kurma ne.
Abubuwan dandano na Iskander F1 ana kiyaye su yayin kiyayewa da daskarewa.
Kwari da cututtuka
Zucchini na iya sha wahala daga cututtuka ko kwari. Babban alamun lalacewa da hanyoyin gwagwarmaya an ba su a cikin tebur:
Cuta/Alamomin Kwari Maganin Anthracnose Yana haɓaka tabo haske akan ganye, ganyen ya zama launin ruwan kasa kuma yana bushewa. Cire sassan marasa lafiya, fesa ruwan Bordeaux. Powdery mildew Foda mai launi mai laushi tare da yanayin haɓaka yankin da abin ya shafa. Jiyya tare da jiko na mullein ko hay. Grey rot Yana girma wuraren lalacewa akan ovaries da furanni. Sauya ƙasa, takin phosphate, kawar da wuraren da abin ya shafa, jujjuya amfanin gona mai dacewa. Peronosporosis Haske a kan ganye, yana haifar da hakowa da bushewa. Cire sassan marasa lafiya, fesa tare da cakuda Bordeaux. Mite Spider ɗigon ɗigo masu haske da yawa, ganyen ya zama rawaya kuma ya mutu. Cire ganyen marasa lafiya, fesa tincture mai ɗaci. Kankana aphid Ya shafa furanni, kwai da ganye sun bushe su mutu. Cirewa da kona sassan daji marasa lafiya, jiyya tare da karbofos. Kamuwar Whitefly tare da naman gwari na sooty, ganye sun mutu. Jiyya tare da shirye-shirye “Confidor” ko “Phosbecid”.
Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani na iri-iri
Abubuwan da babu shakka na Iskander F1 sun haɗa da:
- farkon maturation;
- yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- dogon lokacin ‘ya’yan itace;
- fadi da labarin kasa na saukowa;
- ajiya na dogon lokaci;
- jure wa kwari da cututtuka.
Babban koma baya shine rashin yiwuwar girbi mai zaman kansa na tsaba saboda yanayin nau’in iri.
Reviews na zucchini Iskander F1
Mikhail, 35 shekaru, injiniya, Voronezh. Daban-daban sun zo hannu da gangan lokacin siyan iri. An dasa tsaba 2 ne kawai daga cikin 5, duka sun tsiro. Wanda ya girma kusa da wuta a gonar, ya ji daɗin girbi mai yawa. Abin mamaki bai mika wuya ga tururuwa ba. Kuma yadda yake da kyau an yanka uXNUMXbuXNUMXband soyayyen a cikin kwanon rufi! Tabbas ina bada shawara. Nadezhda, mai shekaru 45, uwar gida, Rostov-on-Don. Ina son Iskander sosai don farkon girma, Ina shuka shi kowace shekara. Girbi na ƙarshe shine a ƙarshen kaka. Yana dandana kawai ban mamaki, har ma da aboki na rasa nauyi! Ina ba da shawarar ga kowa da kowa!
Haɓakawa mai girma, farkon cikakke, mara kyau, mai taushi, mai dagewa – duk wannan shine game da matasan squash Iskander F1. Bi da kanka ga bitamin masu dadi daga lambun, ba tare da yin babban ƙoƙari ba.
Kuna iya yin alamar shafi wannan shafi
