Dalilan Rotting zucchini da hanyoyin adana amfanin gona

Zucchini amfanin gona ne mara fa’ida kuma mai amfani, amma yana da babbar matsala. A cikin yanayi mara kyau da kuma cin zarafin ayyukan noma, zucchini ya fara rubewa sosai. Matakan rigakafin suna taimakawa wajen guje wa asarar amfanin gona, da nufin hana yanayin da ‘ya’yan itatuwa da sassan shuke-shuke ke lalacewa.

Me yasa zucchini rot a cikin gadaje da kuma yadda za a adana amfanin gona?

Zucchini yayi girma da sauri kuma yana iya samar da manyan amfanin gona. Ya isa a dasa ‘yan bushes don samar da babban iyali tare da zucchini sabo kuma har yanzu yin bunch of blanks. Amma wannan al’ada yana da matukar damuwa ga yanayin girma, idan sun kasance marasa kyau, tsire-tsire sun fara rot.

Mummunan yanayi

Zucchini yana son yanayin dumi, matsakaicin ɗanɗano. Suna buƙatar rana mai yawa, iska, abinci mai gina jiki don girma. Idan yana da hadari a waje kuma ana ruwan sama na dogon lokaci, matsalolin ba za a iya kauce masa ba – ‘ya’yan itatuwa sun fara lalacewa, kamar yadda bushes ke shafar cututtuka daban-daban na fungal da rot.

Rashin rana da sanyi shine babban abin da ke haifar da lalacewa na zucchini, tun lokacin da tsire-tsire ya raunana a karkashin irin wannan yanayi, yana karɓar ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki kuma baya jurewa da kyau tare da photosynthesis. Saboda haka, bushes sun fara ciwo, rot da zubar da ovaries.

Mafi munin sakamako ga zucchini yana faruwa ne bayan canje-canje a zafin jiki kwatsam – idan da rana zafi ya kai + 30 ° C ko fiye, kuma da dare ya faɗi zuwa + 10 … + 15 ° C.

Yadda ake hana zucchini rotting:

samar da tsari daga ruwan sama;
sanya ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu girma a kan allunan katako ko bambaro – don kada su hadu da ƙasa mai damshi;
yayyafa ƙasa a kusa da bushes da tsakanin gadaje tare da ciyawa – bambaro, peat, humus, da dai sauransu;
sanya kwalabe na ruwa ko bulo a kusa da gadaje na squash – za su ba da zafi da aka adana da rana da dare.

Idan lokacin rani ya zama damshi da sanyi, ana ba da shawarar, ba tare da jiran ‘ya’yan itacen su ruɓe ba, don shigar da arcs akan gadaje na squash da cire kayan rufewa a kansu. Idan akwai zafi mai karfi, yana da kyau a rufe zucchini daga rana mai zafi.

Yadda za a rufe zucchini:

a ranakun damina – fim;
a lokacin zafi – lutrasil mai haske ko spunbond.

Rashin ko wuce haddi na ma’adanai

Ga zucchini, duka matalauta da ƙasa mai gina jiki da yawa suna da illa. Yawancin amfanin gonaki suna ba da ‘ya’ya da kyau a kan ɓangarorin da ba su da kyau. A cikin zucchini a kan irin wannan ƙasa, ci gaban da ba a kula da shi na taro na kore ya fara.

Ƙananan bushes suna girma, sun zama masu kauri da yawa. Rana a zahiri ba ta shiga ƙarƙashin ganye, ya zama damp a can – raɓa ta tara, saboda wannan, ‘ya’yan itatuwa sun fara rubewa.

Idan kawai tukwici na ‘ya’yan itace rot a cikin zucchini, an yanke su – zuwa ɓangaren litattafan almara, kuma sun ƙone. Wurin da aka yanke yana samun ƙugiya, tsari mai yawa, kuma ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna ci gaba da girma a cikin taro.

Yadda za a magance matsalolin abinci mai gina jiki:

Karancin boron. Ana bada shawara don fesa gadaje tare da maganin boric acid – 2 g da lita 10 na ruwa.
Karancin Iodine. Don gyara rashinsa, ana bi da bushes tare da potassium iodide diluted a cikin ruwa – 2 g da lita 10 na ruwa. Ko kuma suna fesa bushes tare da tincture na iodine a cikin ruwa – 30 saukad da a cikin lita 10. Dalilin ƙarancin yawanci shine ruwa mai wuyar gaske – ya ƙunshi ƙarfe da yawa.
Karancin na gina jiki. Zai fi sauƙi don sake cika shi ta hanyar amfani da takin mai magani. Kwanaki 10 bayan germination, zucchini an hadu da wani bayani mai gina jiki – 10 g na urea da 20 g na superphosphate an diluted a cikin lita 50 na ruwa. Ana maimaita suturar saman a cikin mako guda.

Tsananin bin ka’idodi da yawan hadi zai taimaka hana yawan abinci mai gina jiki, kuma ƙarin ciyarwa zai taimaka wajen hana ƙarancin.

Wurin da bai dace ba

Ci gaban, lafiya da yawan amfanin zucchini ya dogara da halaye na wurin da aka dasa amfanin gona.

Abubuwan da ake bukata don dasa zucchini:

Haske. Ya kamata a sami hasken rana mai yawa a kan shafin, a cikin shading al’adun suna girma da talauci kuma suna ba da ‘ya’ya, suna rashin lafiya da kuma rots.
Iska. Zucchini ba zai iya jure iska mai ƙarfi da zayyana ba. Yana da kyau a dasa su kusa da bango ko shinge, in ba haka ba tsire-tsire za su shafi cututtuka da ke haifar da lalata ‘ya’yan itace.

Domin zucchini ya ba da girbi mai kyau kuma kada ya lalace, dasa su a gefen arewa ko gabas na layuka dankalin turawa.

m shuka

A cikin kowace ƙasa – bude ko rufe, lalata zucchini yana faruwa saboda rufe dasa. A cikin gadaje masu kauri, ko da a cikin yanayi mai kyau, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna lalacewa kuma wani ɓangare na amfanin gona ya ɓace. Ganyayyaki masu fadi suna toshe damar samun haske da iskar oxygen zuwa ovaries da ‘ya’yan itatuwa, wannan yana haifar da lalacewa.

Yadda za a magance matsalar thickening:

yanke ganyen wuce gona da iri lokaci-lokaci – waɗanda ke rufe tsakiyar daji ko rufe bushes na makwabta;
idan yankan ganye bai magance matsalar ba, sai a yi bakin gado – yana da kyau a sadaukar da kowane bushes fiye da rasa duk amfanin gona.

Don hana matsalar kauri, yakamata a kiyaye tazara tsakanin tsirrai da layuka nan da nan. Tare da tsarin dasa shuki mai murabba’i, nisa tsakanin bushes ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 0,5-0,7 m.

Ketare dokokin jujjuya amfanin gona

Kada a dasa zucchini bayan amfanin gona masu alaƙa. Suna cin abinci iri ɗaya daga ƙasa kuma suna fama da cututtuka iri ɗaya. Ba a ba da shawarar dasa zucchini a wuri ɗaya fiye da shekaru 4 a jere ba.

Idan kuna son shuka amfanin gona a wuri mai dacewa kuma sananne, yakamata ku shuka taki mai koren lokaci-lokaci akansa – alkama ko hatsi, wanda ke tsabtace ƙasa da kyau daga abubuwan cutarwa da tsire-tsire suka bari.

Bayan haka ba a ba da shawarar shuka zucchini ba:

kankana;
kankana;
kokwamba;
kabewa.

An yi la’akari da amfanin gona na Nightshade a matsayin magabata na zucchini – tumatir, eggplant ko dankali, albasa, tushen amfanin gona – karas ko beets, da kowane irin ganye – letas, alayyafo, dill da sauransu.

Menene amfanin gona kuke shuka zucchini bayan?

Bayan tumatir, eggplant

13.33%

Bayan albasa, karas, beets

60%

Ba na tunani, ina shuka inda nake so

26.67%

Nuna sakamako

An zabe: 15

Cin zarafin tsarin ban ruwa

Babban zafi shine mafi yawan sanadin rubewar zucchini. Idan yanayi yana da ruwa, kowane bangare na shuka yana da haɗarin rubewa. Ana lura da irin wannan yanayin tare da yawan shayarwa. Musamman sau da yawa akan gadaje masu ruwa, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna rube.

Yadda za a shayar da zucchini yadda ya kamata da abin da za a yi don hana lalacewa:

shayar da gadaje akan lokaci, hana ƙasa bushewa ko bushewar ruwa;
bayan shayarwa, ƙasa ya kamata a jiƙa da zurfin 40 cm;
matsakaicin yawan ruwa shine lita 20 na ruwa a kowane daji mai girma;
mitar yawan shayarwa yana cikin yanayin yanayi na yau da kullun, sau ɗaya a mako;
amfani da ban ruwa kawai dumi, mai zafi a rana, da ruwa mai tsabta – ruwan sanyi yana haifar da cututtuka;
shayar da bushes kawai a ƙarƙashin tushen, kada ku zuba ruwa daga sama;
zuba ruwa a hankali, kamar yadda jet mai ƙarfi ke lalata ƙasa sama da tushen;
bakin ciki daga gadaje da shuke-shuke don kauce wa tasirin greenhouse.

Idan, saboda tsawaita ruwan sama, kasar gona ta jika sosai, ana ba da shawarar a sassauta shi da wuri-wuri ko ma tono shi kadan tare da felu. Sa’an nan danshi zai ƙafe da sauri, kuma tushen zai sami adadin iskar oxygen daidai. Idan akwai ciyawa, ana ba da shawarar kada a shuka su na ɗan lokaci har sai ƙasa ta bushe.

Rashin isassun pollination

Rashin nasarar pollination na furanni kuma na iya haifar da lalacewa na zucchini – da farko, ovaries da ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna shafar. A lokacin bazara, yana da matukar wahala a yi ba tare da pollination na wucin gadi ba.

Yadda ake magance matsala:

Ɗauki furen namiji ka fizge furannin da ke kanta.
Tabbatar cewa pollen ya cika – ya kamata ya zama mai laushi.
Yi amfani da swab ko goga don tattara pollen daga furen namiji.
Canja wurin abubuwan da aka tattara zuwa stigmas na buds mata.

Idan an aiwatar da hanya daidai, ovaries za su fara girma. Furen namiji ɗaya ya isa ya lalata furannin mata 3-4.

Ana ba da shawarar yin pollin na wucin gadi a cikin yanayi mai sanyi ko da safe.

Ana ba da shawarar shuka furanni tare da furanni masu haske da ƙamshi kusa da gadaje na squash – don su jawo hankalin ƙudan zuma, bumblebees da sauran kwari masu pollinating.

Fungal cututtuka

Rushe zucchini, ‘ya’yan itatuwa da sauran sassa na daji yawanci ana haifar da cututtukan fungal – mildew downy ko peronosporosis, bacteriosis, anthracnose, fusarium, mosaic. Amma mafi sau da yawa, zucchini rot saboda powdery mildew ko vertex rot.

Vertex Rot

Wannan cuta da farko rinjayar ganye, sa’an nan kuma ovaries. Sassan shuke-shuke da abin ya shafa sun lalace, sun lalace, su lalace kuma sun faɗi. Karancin potassium shine babban abin da ke haifar da rubewar fure.

Yadda ake fada:

Don gyara rashin potassium. Ana ciyar da daji tare da potassium nitrate ko wani taki mai dauke da wannan sinadari;
Don dalilai na rigakafi. Kazalika haɓaka rigakafi daga ƙarshen furen fure, ana zubar da tsire-tsire tare da rauni mai rauni na aidin – 3 saukad da kowace lita 10 na ruwa sun isa. Maganin ba za a iya zubar da shi kawai a ƙarƙashin tushen ba, amma kuma ana amfani dashi don kayan ado na foliar (spraying).

ruwan hoda mučnistaâ

Babban alamar powdery mildew shine sutura mai launin fata a sassa daban-daban na shuka – ganye, furanni, mai tushe. Na farko, ƙananan wurare masu zagaye suna bayyana, wanda, haɗuwa, ya rufe duk faɗin farantin ganye tare da taɓawa.

Ganyen suna yin ja bayan lokaci, sannan su yi baki, su bushe kuma su mutu. Idan ciwon ya yi tsanani, cutar ta yadu zuwa ovaries da ‘ya’yan itatuwa. Yankuna masu rauni, masu laushi suna bayyana akan ƙarshen.

Powdery mildew yana haifar da:

babban zafi;
ruwan sama mai tsawo;
shayar da ruwan sanyi;
zafin jiki ya ragu.

Yadda za a magance powdery mildew:

Jikowar tafarnuwa. An shirya shi daga yankakken tafarnuwa, infused a cikin ruwa. Don lita 10 – 4 matsakaici shugabannin. Ana fesa dasa shuki tare da sakamakon jiko.
Ban da nitrogen. Maimakon ammonium nitrate, phosphorus da potassium ana kara su a karkashin zucchini, tun da nitrogen yana taimakawa wajen bunkasa cututtukan fungal. Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da shi a cikin kaka da farkon bazara a cikin matsakaici.
resistant iri. Wannan ita ce hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi aminci don hana cututtukan fungal gabaɗaya da powdery mildew musamman.
Lalacewa. Ana fitar da ciyayi da abin ya shafa suka lalace. Yana da kyau a ƙone su don kashe naman gwari da spores.
Fesa Ana iya ceton tsire-tsire masu ƙananan raunuka. Da zarar an fara magani, mafi girman damar ceton bushes. Fesa shuka tare da shirye-shirye dauke da jan karfe – cakuda Bordeaux da bayani na jan karfe sulfate.

Kafin fesa, ana cire sassan da abin ya shafa na tsire-tsire. Ya kamata a aiwatar da aikin aƙalla wata ɗaya kafin girbi ‘ya’yan itacen. Idan raunuka suna da ƙarfi, ana kula da bushes tare da fungicides masu ƙarfi – Topaz, Ridomil ko analogues.

Peronosporosis

Suna na biyu na wannan fungal cuta ne downy mildew. Peronosporosis yana farawa tare da bayyanar wuraren mai mai launin kore-rawaya. Bayan lokaci, sun zama launin toka-launin ruwan kasa, sau da yawa tare da launi mai datti. Ganyen da abin ya shafa suna fitowa sun kone su kuma bushe bayan lokaci.