Shiri na kokwamba tsaba don dasa shuki

Don haɓaka tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi masu ƙarfi daga tsaba kokwamba, ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga shirye-shiryen shuka kafin shuka. Haɓaka su da juriya na shuke-shuke ga abubuwan da ba su dace ba sun dogara ne akan daidaitaccen kiyaye fasahar aikin gona. An lura cewa cucumbers girma daga shirye seedlings ba akai high yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Bukatar hanyoyin

An san tsaba na cucumber suna da ƙimar girma mai girma. Kyakkyawan iri yawanci yana tsiro a 90%. An tattara su yadda ya kamata kuma a adana su a ƙarƙashin ingantattun yanayi, tsiron ya kasance mai ƙarfi har zuwa shekaru 7.

Koyaya, bayan lokaci, ƙarfin su ya fara raguwa, don haka yana da kyau a yi amfani da tsaba masu shekaru 2-3 don dasa shuki. Lokacin amfani da kayan shuka waɗanda suka girmi shekaru 5 ba tare da ƙarin aiki ba, yawan amfanin ƙasa zai yi ƙasa sosai.

Kuma tsaba na shekara-shekara suna ba da furanni marasa amfani da yawa, kuma wannan yana shafar fruiting ta hanyar da ba ta da kyau. Abin da ya sa shirye-shiryen iri mai kyau yana da mahimmanci, wanda shine babban tabbacin girbi mai kyau.

Girbi da duba germination

Muna jawo hankali na musamman ga gaskiyar cewa tsaba don shuka za a iya tattara su kawai daga wasu nau’ikan. Misali, nau’ikan matasan ba su da kyau kuma ba su dace da yaduwar iri ba. Ana iya bambanta su ta hanyar alamar F1.

Ya kamata ‘ya’yan itatuwa iri su kasance a kan kurangar inabin har sai sun cika. Kuna iya ɗaukar su kawai bayan kwas ɗin ya canza launi zuwa rawaya mai haske. Nan da nan bayan wannan, ana sanya ‘ya’yan itatuwa a cikin wani wuri mai dumi, kariya daga haskoki na ultraviolet, na kwanaki 7-10. A wannan lokacin, kokwamba zai zama mai laushi, duk abin da ya rage shine yanke kayan lambu da tattara tsaba.

Abin takaici, Ba duk tsire-tsire ba ne mai yiwuwa, don haka suna buƙatar a duba su don haɓaka. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar maganin saline, diluted a cikin adadin 1 tbsp. l. gishiri da lita 1 na ruwa. Ana saukar da kayan dasa shuki a cikin sa na kwata na sa’a guda kuma suna duban – tsaba da suka tashi ba su da komai, ba za a iya amfani da su don dasa shuki ba.

Lura cewa tare da taimakon maganin saline, kawai sabon nau’in iri mai shekaru 1-2 ne kawai za’a iya yankewa. Tsoffin tsaba na iya yin iyo ko da sun ci gaba da riƙe ƙarfin haifuwarsu. Don tabbatar da yuwuwar su, zaku iya sanya rukunin gwaji don germination.

Daidaitawa

Wani muhimmin mataki na shirya tsaba kokwamba don dasa shuki shine daidaitawar su. Daga dukan girma na kayan shuka, kana buƙatar zaɓar mafi kyau. Wannan gaskiya ne idan kun girbe shukar da kanku ko ku saya daga hannunku, a cikin shaguna suna sayar da iri da aka riga aka sarrafa. Tsire-tsire masu lalacewa, da duhu da duhu, suna ƙarƙashin hukuncin kisa na tilas. Ya kamata tsaba masu inganci su kasance ko da, ko’ina masu launi, haske.

A lokacin calibration, wajibi ne a raba ƙananan tsaba daga manyan. Wannan zai sauƙaƙe dasa shuki na gaba, tunda ana dasa ƙananan tsaba zuwa zurfin 7-10 mm, manyan suna zurfafa ta 1,5-2 cm. Idan kun tattara tsire-tsire masu yawa, to, ƙananan ƙananan ba za a iya amfani da su ba, a cikin wannan yanayin an jefar da su.

Yadda za a kashe?

Mafi mahimmancin kulawa a shirya tsaba don shuka seedlings an ba da shi ga disinfection. Wannan magani yana hana ci gaban tushen da launin ruwan kasa, bacteriosis, powdery mildew, da mosaic viral. Ana yawan amfani da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta.

• Ana sanya ‘ya’yan itatuwa a cikin jakar zane kuma a nutsar da su a cikin cikakken bayani na potassium permanganate na rabin sa’a, sannan a wanke da ruwa mai tsabta.

• Kyakkyawan sakamako na disinfecting yana da jiko na kwasfa na tafarnuwa. Don yin wannan, an zuba shi da ruwan zãfi, an saita shi don 2-4 hours kuma tace. Tsaba a cikin sakamakon jiko ana nutsar da su don 1-1,5 hours.

• Don rigakafin, zaka iya amfani da boric acid, da jan karfe sulfate ko nitrophoska. Suna diluted a cikin adadin 5 g na miyagun ƙwayoyi a kowace lita 1 na ruwa. Ya kamata tsaba cucumber su ciyar da akalla sa’o’i 12 a cikin wannan yanayin.

• Biopreparations yana ba da sakamako mai kyau. Kuna iya ɗaukar “Fitosporin-M” (digo 3 a kowace gilashin ruwa) ko “Gamair” (kwalba 1 da gilashin ruwa).

• Ƙananan adadin tsaba za a iya jiƙa a cikin ruwan ‘ya’yan Aloe, diluted da ruwa na yau da kullum a cikin rabo na 1 zuwa 1. A wannan yanayin, disinfection zai dauki 5-6 hours.

Muhimmanci: bayan kamuwa da cuta, dole ne a bushe tsaba kokwamba a yanayin yanayi.

Yadda za a dumama?

Don kunna makamashi mai mahimmanci na seedlings, yana da kyawawa don dumi su. Irin wannan hanya za ta zama abin ƙarfafawa don inganta germination da kuma lalata iri. A ƙarƙashin rinjayar yanayin zafi mai zafi, microflora pathogenic ya mutu, kuma tsarin germination yana haɓaka.

Hanyar yana da sauƙi. Ana shimfiɗa tsaba a kan takarda kuma an sanya su kusa da baturi. A zazzabi na digiri 30, ana aiwatar da dumama sama da kusan mako guda, a digiri 35-45 – ba fiye da kwanaki 3 ba. Kuna iya sarrafa tsire-tsire a cikin tanda a ƙarƙashin rinjayar zafi na 50-60 digiri, a cikin wannan yanayin zai ɗauki 3,5-4 hours don dumi.

Duk hanyoyin suna daidai da tasiri. An lura cewa tsaba masu zafi suna ba da yawancin ovaries na mace. Wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar yawan ‘ya’yan itace.

Bubbuwa

Tsarin kumfa ya shahara sosai. A wannan yanayin, ana sanya tsire-tsire a cikin ruwan dumi, inda aka ba da iskar oxygen, don wannan magani, zaku iya amfani da na’urar sarrafa kifin aquarium na al’ada. A lokacin aikin, an wadatar da seedlings tare da oxygen. Wannan hanya tana ba da sakamako mai kyau don ƙarfafa germination na tsofaffin tsaba masu shekaru 5-7 shekaru. Amma ga matasa seedlings, bubbling ba zai ba da wani pronounced sakamako.

Umarnin mataki-mataki ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa.

• An saukar da bututun kwampreso da ke samar da kumfa mai iska a cikin akwati mai tsaftataccen ruwa mai sanyi.

• Na gaba, an sanya jakar gauze tare da tsaba kokwamba a cikin ruwa, yana da kyau a sanya shi daidai sama da bututu.

• Idan an yi daidai, kumfa na iska za su kewaye jakar gaba ɗaya. A wannan yanayin, da seedlings ya kamata ciyar 20-25 hours.

Muhimmi: yana faruwa cewa bayan sparging, wasu hatsi suna ƙyanƙyashe. Suna buƙatar a sauke su da wuri-wuri.

Yadda za a shuka?

Domin tsaba suyi girma da sauri, yana da matukar muhimmanci su sami abinci mai gina jiki da ruwa a cikin isasshen girma. Wannan zai taimaka jiƙa iri a cikin maganin haɓaka haɓaka. A ƙarƙashin tasirin su, ana kunna duk hanyoyin nazarin halittu, haɓaka haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma daga baya haɓakar tsiron kokwamba yana haɓaka.

Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin mafi inganci shine “Epin”. Ana amfani dashi a cikin adadin 2-3 saukad da a kowace 100 ml na ruwa, ana sarrafa tsaba kokwamba a rana. Drug “Zircon” yana da irin wannan sakamako, an dauke shi daya daga cikin mafi iko immunomodulators na shuka Kwayoyin. Don sarrafa 5 saukad da samfurin, tsoma 1 lita na ruwa, da kuma ajiye cucumbers a cikin bayani na kwana daya.

Abubuwan da ke tattare da Energen Aqua daidai yake da tasiri. Yana spurs da vitality na seedlings da kuma taimaka wajen ƙarfafa su rigakafi. Sprouts da aka samu bayan irin wannan magani suna ba da tsire-tsire masu lafiya waɗanda zasu iya tsayayya da cututtukan fungal, ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Don sarrafawa, 18-20 saukad da miyagun ƙwayoyi an diluted a cikin lita 1 na ruwa kuma an nutsar da kayan da aka shirya a cikin wannan bayani don 10-12 hours.

Magoya bayan magungunan jama’a na iya amfani da succinic acid. Don yin bayani mai aiki, 1 kwamfutar hannu yana diluted a cikin gilashin 1 na ruwan zafi mai zafi. An lura cewa wannan kayan aiki yana iya hanzarta germination sau biyu.

Sodium da potassium humates ana yawan amfani dasu don jiƙa. Suna ciyar da harsashi tare da macro- da microelements masu amfani, kuma a Bugu da kari, kunna germination. Bayan irin wannan magani, tsire-tsire yana samar da lafiyayyen tsire-tsire kuma yana gina tsarin tushe mai ƙarfi.

Fans na magungunan jama’a na iya amfani da zuma. Don wannan, 1 tsp. diluted a cikin gilashin ruwan sanyi da kuma kiyaye kokwamba tsaba a yini. Yawancin lokaci, bayan irin wannan hanya, na farko sprouts ƙyanƙyashe riga a cikin 7-10 hours.

Ana sanya tsaba da aka shirya a kan gauze ko lilin, an sake rarraba su daidai kuma an rufe su da wannan zane. Ana shayar da kayan dasa shuki domin masana’anta ta ɗan ɗanɗana, amma baya iyo. A lokacin germination, yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye tsarin zafi kuma ku guje wa hypothermia. Zazzabi a cikin dakin da ake aiwatar da germination ya kamata a kiyaye shi a digiri 25-28. Idan ya fi sanyi ko zafi, germination zai ragu sosai.

Kauce wa danshi mai yawa, in ba haka ba za a iyakance damar samun iskar oxygen zuwa seedlings. Wannan na iya sa tsaba su rube. Domin masana’anta kada ta bushe, zai isa a fesa shi da ruwa daga kwalban fesa sau 2-3 a rana.

Taurare

Tsire-tsire masu kumbura suna fuskantar mataki na ƙarshe na germination – hardening. Don yin wannan, suna fuskantar ƙananan yanayin zafi. An tsara waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru don kunna tsarin rigakafi da kuma haifar da masu hana ci gaba. Yin amfani da hardening yana ƙara juriya mai sanyi na seedlings. Bushes da aka kafa daga irin waɗannan tsaba zasu zama da sauƙi don jure wa canjin yanayin zafi, kuma ana iya dasa su a cikin ƙasa buɗe da yawa a baya.

An sanya tsaba masu kumbura, tare da zane, a sanya su a cikin kwandon filastik kuma a sanya su a kan kasan firij na kwanaki biyu. Haka kuma, dole ne a kula kada lamarin ya bushe. A hankali, ana motsa akwati zuwa ɗakunan ajiya tare da zafin jiki mafi girma. Bayan kwanaki 5, ana iya dasa tsaba a cikin akwati.

Mahimmanci: tsaba waɗanda aka riga aka bayyana sprouts a cikin su ba a ba da izinin tauri ba. In ba haka ba, za su mutu kawai.