Cucumbers shine amfanin gona da aka fi so na yawancin mazauna rani. Suna girma a kan filaye, kuma sau da yawa ba kawai don kansu ba, har ma don sayarwa. Koyaya, don haɓaka yawan aiki, kuna buƙatar sanin dabarun mulching kokwamba bushes. Mene ne, da kuma yadda za a ciyawa cucumbers yadda ya kamata – za mu yi magana game da wannan a cikin labarin.
Menene shi?
Mulching cucumbers ya zama dole da farko don karewa da haɓaka fruiting. Hanyar kanta ta ƙunshi ɓoye saman saman ƙasa a yankin da al’adun ke tsiro. A matsayin kayan aiki don mulching, duka nau’i na halitta a cikin nau’i na hay, sawdust, yankakken ciyawa, da kayan aikin wucin gadi – tushen polyethylene, spunbond, da pebbles, tsakuwa, na iya aiki.
A cikin akwati na farko, dole ne a canza Layer kullum, amma ƙasa daga kwayoyin halitta za ta karbi kayan abinci mai gina jiki, wanda zai ba da damar shuka ya bunkasa da kyau. Mulching zai taimaka ceton shuka daga sanyi, da kuma kula da danshi mai mahimmanci a cikin ƙasa. Wani ƙari shine kariyar ciyawa.. A cikin rufaffiyar wuri, ciyawa ba ta karye sosai, wanda ke nufin cewa cucumbers baya buƙatar ciyawa sau da yawa. Idan kun ciyawa aƙalla sau ɗaya akan shuka kokwamba. amfanin gona zai yi girma kwanaki 14-15 a baya, yayin da ‘ya’yan itatuwa za su kasance masu daɗi. Amma mai lambu kuma yana buƙatar sanin cewa rufe ƙasa na iya haifar da cututtuka daban-daban da naman gwari a cikin tsire-tsire.
Bugu da ƙari, mulching zai iya haifar da ƙarancin nitrogen a cikin ƙasa. Sanin hakan zai taimaka wajen gyara tsarin noman kokwamba daidai.
Ranar ƙarshe
A kan wuraren da aka bude, cucumbers suna mulched a farkon lokacin bazara, duk da haka, har yanzu ya dogara da yadda yanayin yake: yana da kyawawa cewa ƙasa ta riga ta yi zafi sosai. Kuma don yin aikin ya fi dacewa da inganci, ƙwararrun lambun lambu suna ba da shawarar canza abun da ke cikin sutura a kowace shekara.
Kuna iya ciyawa nan da nan bayan dasa shuki, kuma lokacin da aka dasa tsaba a cikin ƙasa, tsari yana faruwa bayan ganye na uku ya bayyana akan seedlings.
Me za a iya amfani da?
Kuna iya ciyawa cucumbers tare da suturar halitta da kayan inorganic waɗanda suka fi ɗorewa kuma mafi kyawun riƙe danshi a cikin ƙasa. Bari mu yi la’akari dabam abin da kuma yadda za a iya amfani da.
Kayan halitta
Ciyawa da aka yanka ya dace da ciyawa, duk da haka, ba kawai ana amfani da ganyen da aka yanka ba kawai, amma an yarda su “sha” a cikin rana don kwanaki 3-4. Wannan hanya tana taimakawa wajen kashe kwari – ƙwayoyin cuta na cututtuka daban-daban. Suna yin ciyawa daga foliage, hay, rufe cucumbers tare da zuriyar dabbobi. Mafi kyawun ciyawa shine wanda aka wadatar da taki. Alal misali, suna ɗaukar bambaro da busassun ciyawa, suna wadatar da wannan symbiosis tare da urea da superphosphate (200 g na kowane abu da kilogiram 10 na ciyawa) da gishiri potassium (120 g da 10 kg na ciyawa).
Irin wannan Layer an shimfiɗa shi sosai, kusan santimita 10-12. Yana da kyau cewa wannan busassun abun da ke ciki ya ƙunshi nettle ko clover. bushe ciyawa a ƙarƙashin rana mai zafi. Wani shafi mai amfani zai iya zama rotted sawdust. Sawdust ciyawa na iya kunshi allura, larch, Pine needles. Bayan makonni biyu, ana amfani da muhawara tare da ƙananan (har zuwa 5 cm) Layer a ƙasa. Irin wannan sawdust “blanket” zai ceci tsire-tsire a cikin zafi, tun da danshi ba zai ƙafe sosai daga ƙasa ba.
Kuma bayan girbi, a cikin shirya ƙasa don kakar wasa ta gaba, ana haƙa wannan ciyawa tare da saman saman ƙasa. Ana amfani da peat azaman abu na halitta don ɓoye cucumbers – wannan ciyawa ce mai amfani da yawa wanda ke inganta tsarin ƙasa, yana sa ta zama mai laushi da wadatar abinci. Tushen peat an shimfiɗa shi a cikin Layer na santimita 5-7, kuma ba a cire shi bayan girbi. Idan kun san a gaba cewa za ku mulching cucumbers tare da peat, zurfafa zurfafawar seedlings don guje wa bayyanar baƙar fata.
A wuraren da yanayin sanyi yake da ɗanɗano, yana da kyau a rufe layuka kokwamba da taki. Zai fi kyau a haxa shi da hay a cikin rabo na 1: 1. A cikin yanayi mai sanyi, takin na iya zama mafita mafi kyau don zabar abu don mulching. Yana dumama ƙasa kuma yana haifar da yanayi don aikin tsutsotsi masu amfani da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke samar da humus daga ciyawa. Hakanan takin yana aiki azaman taki a ƙarshen kakar. Tare da canjin yanayin zafi, zaku iya cika gadaje da humus kawai.
Ana kuma amfani da takarda mai kauri da kwali azaman ciyawa.. Waɗannan kayan suna danne ciyawa daidai kuma suna riƙe danshi a cikin ƙasa. Don hana iska daga busa irin wannan mafaka, an rufe kwali da duwatsu ko bututu. Kuma don sarrafa cellulose mai wuya da sauri, kuna buƙatar bi da shi tare da shirye-shiryen EM. Amma ga takarda, takarda daga mujallu masu haske ba su dace da mulching ba. Lokacin zayyana irin waɗannan wallafe-wallafe, ana amfani da varnishes da pigments, kuma wannan yana da illa ba kawai ga tsire-tsire ba, har ma ga dukan yanayin.
Gogaggen lambu da wuya suna amfani da kwali da takarda azaman ciyawa, galibi suna yin ciyawa daga taki tare da bambaro, tsari daga hay, takin da faɗuwar ganye.. Irin wannan kwayoyin halitta yana riƙe da danshi daidai, wanda al’ada mai ban sha’awa da gaske ke buƙata.
Gabaɗaya, kayan halitta suna haifar da yanayi mai kyau don haɓaka bushes masu lafiya, haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa, tsawaita lokacin ‘ya’yan itace kuma inganta ingancin cucumbers. Saboda haka, mutane da yawa sun fi son kwayoyin halitta a matsayin ciyawa, amma a cikin rashi ko ƙarancinsa, ana iya siyan kayan wucin gadi.
Kayan wucin gadi
A cikin yanayi mai sanyi, kayan aikin wucin gadi sun fi shahara lokacin da ake shuka amfanin gona na kokwamba. A cikin irin waɗannan yankuna, masu lambu suna zaɓar, alal misali, agrofibre, lutrasil, suna amfani da rayayye na filastik filastik da spunbond. Duk waɗannan kayan na asali na wucin gadi suna haifar da sakamako na greenhouse, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban aiki na tsaba. Da zaran ƙananan harbe suka bayyana, ana yanke musu ramuka. Ciyawa ba ta karya ta irin wannan tushe.
Ana kuma amfani da kayan girma azaman ciyawa.. Sau da yawa, masu lambu suna amfani da dutse da aka niƙa, amma kuma ana amfani da tsakuwa da yumbu mai faɗi. Irin wannan suturar ya dace da cewa an sake yin amfani da shi kuma ana amfani da shi a yankuna daban-daban. Iyakar abin da ake bukata wanda dole ne a kiyaye shi shine tabbatar da cewa shuka kanta ba ta taɓa waɗannan kayan ba.
Yadda za a yi daidai?
Cucumbers yawanci ana mulched ne lokacin da ƙasa ta riga ta yi zafi sosai, amma har yanzu tana jika bayan lokacin hunturu. A matsayinka na mai mulki, wannan shine bazara-rani. Babban abu shi ne cewa an riga an dasa shuka ko tsaba a cikin bude ƙasa ko a cikin greenhouse.
Don tsaba, yana da mahimmanci cewa sun tsiro. Lokacin da ganye na farko suka bayyana, zaku iya aiwatar da hanyar rufe su. Yi la’akari da fasalulluka na mulching a cikin wani greenhouse da kuma a cikin bude wuri.
A cikin greenhouse
A cikin yanayin greenhouse, cucumbers suna mulched kusa da lokacin rani. Idan an dasa tsire-tsire, amma ba a aiwatar da hanyar nan da nan ba, yana da kyau: zaku iya ciyawa a cikin greenhouse da tsayin lokacin rani. An dage farawa tushe ta hanyar da za a rufe tushen tushen kawai, ganyen kansu tare da kara bai kamata ya shiga cikin ciyawa ba. Idan an yi amfani da fim ko polycarbonate azaman abin rufewa a cikin greenhouse, tabbatar cewa tsire-tsire ba su da zafi a cikin zafi. A cikin yanayin zafi sosai, kawai cire tsari don kada cucumbers ya “shaƙe”.
A cikin yanayin greenhouse ko a cikin greenhouse, bayan aiwatar da duk aikin a kan mulching, suna ci gaba da kula da tsire-tsire a cikin yanayin guda. Idan kun ɗauki kwayoyin halitta, to irin wannan ciyawa dole ne a sabunta shi lokaci-lokaci. Koyaya, a cikin rufaffiyar sarari, ruɓa yana faruwa a hankali fiye da buɗe ƙasa, inda iska mai kyau ke ba da gudummawa ga wannan. A cikin greenhouse, za ku iya kawai rufe gadaje kokwamba da kansu kai tsaye, kuma kada ku taɓa aisles. Idan kun ɗauki fim ko wani abu mai ƙarfi, kuna buƙatar yin ramuka don seedlings. Babban doka: lokacin da aka sami alamun cututtuka a cikin sprouts, ba kawai an cire ciyawa ba, har ma saman saman ƙasa.. Sake kunna wannan tsarin kawai bayan cikakken maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta.
A cikin bude ƙasa
A cikin buɗaɗɗen wuri, cucumbers suna ciyawa da farko don ƙirƙirar kariya ga tushen. Ana shimfiɗa Layer lokacin da ƙasa ta yi zafi sosai, amma don kada ta bushe. Idan wannan hanya ce ta shuka amfanin gona, to ana amfani da ciyawa nan da nan bayan dasa shuki. Lokacin da yazo da yaduwar iri, to da zaran seedlings suna da ganye 2-3, ana iya yin mulching.
Da fatan za a lura cewa kwayoyin halitta kada ya zama sabo, in ba haka ba zai zama koto ga halittu masu cutarwa. Sawdust da shavings ba a rarraba a cikin ruwan sama: wadannan aka gyara sha danshi da kyau, kumbura kuma gaba daya yanke oxygen zuwa tushen. Dangane da kayan da ba a haɗa su ba, ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da su a wuraren da yanayi mai zafi ba. Za su ƙara dumama ƙasa kuma tsire-tsire na iya mutuwa kawai a ƙarƙashin irin wannan tsari. Irin cucumbers na farko da aka dasa a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa ana yin su ne a cikin bazara, sabanin takwarorinsu da ke girma a cikin greenhouse. Kuna iya yin shi a can a lokacin rani kuma. Kuma a cikin lambun suna yin shi a baya, kuma idan ƙasa ta bushe, ana shayar da shi kwanaki kadan kafin mulching.
Tabbas, yana da kyawawa cewa ƙasa ta ƙunshi danshi na halitta. An shimfiɗa kayan daɗaɗɗen a cikin ƙaramin bakin ciki – 2-5 cm, amma bambaro ko wasu tushe mai haske za a iya dage farawa zuwa tsayin 7 cm. Yana da mahimmanci a bar tushen tushen cucumbers a buɗe – ta wannan hanyar za ku iya kare tsire-tsire daga rot. Kuma don kauce wa tuntuɓar tushe tare da ciyawa, yana da kyau a shimfiɗa kayan roba kafin shuka iri ko dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa. Sannan yi shi a cikin ramummuka na musamman. Gogaggen lambu suna ba da shawara lokaci-lokaci don haɓaka Layer ɗin ciyawa don gano ko bea da moles sun zaɓi wannan yanki.
Idan kun sami irin waɗannan wurare da minks, nan da nan ɗauki matakan kare tsire-tsire daga waɗannan kwari. Suna buƙatar kawai a lalata su ta hanyoyin da suka dace. Ba za a iya cire ragowar ciyawa na kwayoyin halitta daga fall, sun bazu cikin abubuwa masu amfani ta kakar shuka ta gaba kuma suna wadatar da ƙasa tare da abubuwan da suka dace.
Kuna iya yin alamar shafi wannan shafi
