A cikin gundumar Lukhovitsky na yankin Moscow, cucumbers na farko suna girma a watan Mayu. Kuma ba a cikin greenhouses ba, amma a cikin gadaje!
Kwanan nan, wani abin tunawa tare da rubutu mai mahimmanci ya bayyana a tsakiyar Lukhovitsy: “Ga mai cin abinci kokwamba daga mazaunan godiya”. Noman cucumbers na farko ƙwarewa ce ta gargajiya ta mazauna karkara da mazaunan rani na duk yankin. Wannan yana ba su garantin rashin aikin yi da samar da rayuwa mai daɗi gaba ɗaya.
Kuma duk saboda a nan sun koyi samun rikodi a baya fiye da sauran lambu – riga a watan Mayu, wata daya da rabi kafin lokacin da aka saba, godiya ga na musamman, albeit mai sauƙi, fasaha.
Yadda za a girma Lukhovitsky cucumbers ko a kan duk dokoki
Cucumbers wani shuka ne na musamman na thermophilic ɗan asalin Indiya. Saboda haka, a tsakiyar layi, yawanci ana shuka shi a cikin greenhouses daga baya fiye da sauran – kawai a tsakiyar watan Mayu, da kuma a cikin bude ƙasa – a ƙarshen bazara, ko ma farkon lokacin rani, lokacin da ƙasa tana da lokaci don dumi da kyau kuma babu. barazanar marigayi bazara sanyi.
Lura cewa cucumbers ba zai iya tsayawa yanayin sanyi a ƙasa +10 … + 13 ° C: tsaba suna rube, kuma tsire-tsire da aka dasa a cikin ƙasa “ƙi” don haɓakawa, suna ci gaba da girma kawai a +15 ° C. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki na waɗannan sissies shine + 20 … + 25 ° C. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata ya zama barga, ba tare da sanyaya dare ba, wanda a cikin yankin Moscow yana samuwa, a matsayin mai mulkin, kawai bayan Yuni 5-10, lokacin da cucumbers yawanci dole ne a dasa. Amma sai suka fara ba da ‘ya’yan itace, alas, marigayi – kawai a cikin rabi na biyu na lokacin rani … Ta yaya masu lambu daga Lukhovitsy ke gudanar da yaudarar kalanda?
Yadda za a shirya rani don cucumbers a cikin lambun daban
Tun daga tsakiyar karni na karshe, mazaunan Lukhovitch sun koyi nasarar noma kayan lambu masu son zafi a kan gadaje masu rufewa, ta yin amfani da man fetur, ko kuma kawai sabo ne taki, wanda aka shigo da shi daga kaka, doki ko saniya, wanda, idan aka yi amfani da shi da fasaha, yana dumama ƙasa. da kuma seedlings na cucumbers.
Don yin wannan, a cikin kaka, an rufe takin taki mai ɗorewa tare da kauri na ƙasa, sa’an nan kuma tare da burlap da fim. Wannan yana hana taki daga daskarewa a cikin hunturu. A farkon bazara, yayin da dusar ƙanƙara bai riga ya narke gaba ɗaya ba, ana fitar da taki daga matsuguni, an fesa shi da sassauta don samun damar iska, wanda ke tabbatar da saurin sa (a cikin mako guda) dumama kai zuwa + 50 … + 60 ° C saboda kunna kwayoyin cuta. Wasu masu lambu suna hanzarta wannan tsari ta hanyar sanya bulo mai dumama akan wuta ko a cikin murhu a cikin tudu.
An zaɓi wurin da za a shuka kokwamba a cikin lambunan Lukhovitsky a matsayin mafi kyawun rana, mai zafi da kuma kariya daga iska. A matsayinka na mai mulki, a shinge a gefen kudu (gado yana daidaitawa daga gabas zuwa yamma) kuma dan kadan ya tashi. A cikin bazara, da zaran ya zama mai yiwuwa a kusanci gado, an cire dusar ƙanƙara a hankali kuma an shimfiɗa fim ɗin filastik baƙar fata kai tsaye a saman ƙasa mai daskarewa, tare da taimakon wanda ƙasa ta yi sauri da sauri a cikin rana. kwanaki. Hanya mafi sauƙi don kula da cucumbers ita ce shuka su a jere ɗaya a cikin gado mai faɗi 80-90 cm.
Jin cewa ƙasa ta narke sosai kuma ana iya haƙa ta, ba tare da bata lokaci ba, sai suka haƙa hutu (da 40 cm) a kan dukkan yankin u10bu3b gadon lambun nan gaba. An dage farawa 20-centimeter na sawdust tare da ƙaramin ƙarar urea a ƙasa, sa’an nan kuma zuwa ga baki – sako-sako da taki mai zafi (amfaninsa yana da girma – kusan ton a kowace 25 sq. M). Sa’an nan kuma ya rage kawai don shimfiɗa ƙasa mai laushi da aka cire a baya (launi na XNUMX-XNUMX cm) kuma ya sake rufe shi da baki polyethylene don ƙara yawan zafin jiki.
Shuka cucumbers don farkon girbi ko girbi naku cucumbers a ranar 9 ga Mayu
Bayan ‘yan kwanaki, wuri mai dumi don cucumbers yana shirye. Sa’an nan kuma, daidai a cikin zane na fim din baƙar fata da aka shimfiɗa a saman ƙasa, ana yin ƙananan yanke kowane 30 cm, sa’an nan kuma an shimfiɗa tsaba kokwamba guda biyu a cikin kowannensu, an yayyafa shi kadan tare da ƙasa mai laushi (ba a jiƙa tsaba ba. ana shuka su bushe). Sama da gadon da aka shuka, ana gina matsuguni daga baka da aka lulluɓe da polyethylene mai haske.
“Konewa” na biofuel yakan kasance duk lokacin bazara, har zuwa kwanakin rani mai dumi, don haka tsaba suna girma a cikin mako guda, tsire-tsire suna girma da sauri kuma suyi fure a cikin wata guda, kuma bayan ‘yan kwanaki – sau da yawa riga ta Mayu 9 – suna jin daɗin cucumbers na farko.
Abin da za a yi idan babu inda za a sami taki don gado mai dumi
A cikin ‘yan shekarun nan, bayan rushewar gonakin dabbobin da ke kusa – manyan masu samar da taki – mazauna Lukhovitch sun yi gyare-gyare ga fasahar su.
Yanzu ana maye gurbin taki maras kyau da cakuda ganyen gandun daji (maple ko linden) da saman kayan lambu da aka adana a cikin kaka.
Duk wannan, kamar yadda ya juya waje, ya dace a matsayin biofuel, ko da yake yana dumi kadan kadan.
Duk da haka, yawancin Lukhovitchans suna yin shi da sauƙi, girma cucumbers a ƙarƙashin murfin fim a cikin yadudduka biyu tare da rufin zafi mai iska: an sanya firam biyu a saman gadon da aka ɗaga, ɗaya sama da ɗayan, kuma duka biyu an rufe su da fim. A wannan yanayin, gado ba ya cika da biofuel (a maimakon haka, ana iya zubar da shi da ruwan zafi kafin a rufe ƙasa da fim din baƙar fata), amma in ba haka ba an shirya shi bisa ga fasahar gargajiya. Ana iya yin shuka a kan gado tare da matsuguni biyu daga farkon Afrilu.
Features na kula da farkon Lukhovitsky cucumbers
Watering farkon cucumbers
Ba a buƙatar shayarwa don farkon dasa cucumbers – yawanci suna da isasshen danshi na bazara har zuwa Yuli.
Ciyar da cucumbers da wuri
Don hanzarta ci gaban tsire-tsire, farawa daga shekaru goma na uku na Afrilu, ana ciyar da su lokaci-lokaci tare da raunin ruwa mai ƙarfi na takin mai magani, haɗa ma’adinai (alal misali, Sudarushka) tare da Organic (Bucephalus, Flumbom, Radagor) – a maida hankali sau biyu kamar rauni. kamar yadda aka saba shawarar. A cikin yanayi mai sanyi, lokacin da tushen cucumbers ke sha na gina jiki a hankali, ana yin suturar saman foliar. A nan yana da mahimmanci kada ku yi kuskure tare da ƙaddamar da taki da kuma narkar da su bisa ga umarnin akan kunshin.
Mafi iri don farkon girbi na cucumbers
Ma’aikatan lambu na Lukhovitsk suna da hankali sosai game da zaɓin su, suna zaɓar ba kawai mafi yawan ‘ya’yan itace ba, amma na musamman da wuri – waɗanda suka fara ba da ‘ya’ya kwanaki 40 bayan shuka. Kuma amicably, sãɓã wa jũna a cikin wannan size, karfi, kyau da kuma, ba shakka, dadi ‘ya’yan itatuwa.
A cikin ‘yan shekarun da suka gabata, nau’ikan nau’ikan parthenocarpic Dutch hybrids sun mamaye lambuna na gida: Otellgame da kuma Salina . Duk da haka, shekaru uku da suka wuce, sun zama masu sha’awar sababbin hybrids na gida, tare da abin da ake kira nau’in itace na ‘ya’yan itace, wanda, ba kasa da Dutch a farkon balaga, yawan amfanin ƙasa da ingancin ‘ya’yan itatuwa, ana bambanta su ta hanyar yawan amfanin gona. riga a cikin watan farko bayan farkon flowering.
Yanzu hybrids suna kan gaba a Lukhovitsy Alphabet, Darasi na farko, Katin Trump kuma Okhotny Ryad.
An kirkiro su kwanan nan ta hanyar masu shayarwa na Moscow na kamfanin aikin gona na Manul, Alexander Borisov da Oleg Krylov, dangane da matsanancin yanayin farkon bazara. Ire-iren suna da juriya ga mummunan yanayin zafi da kuma hadaddun cututtukan fungal na gama gari, gami da mildew na gaskiya da ƙasa.
Haɓakawa mai girma: a cikin mafi sauƙi greenhouses sun ba da har zuwa kilogiram 10 na ‘ya’yan itatuwa da 1 sq. m. Ee, irin wannan kumfa, Emerald mai duhu har ma da girman da kuka kawai lasa yatsun ku!
Kuna iya yin alamar shafi wannan shafi
