A wace nisa don dasa cucumbers a cikin greenhouse da greenhouse?

Girbin kowane amfanin gona ya dogara da kiyaye tsarin shuka daidai. Cucumbers ba togiya a wannan batun. Tun da wannan shuka ita ce kudanci, a cikin matsanancin yanayi na tsakiyar layi da yankunan arewa, mazauna rani sun fi son girma su a cikin greenhouses da greenhouses.

Sabili da haka, a yau za mu yi magana game da nisa da ya fi dacewa don dasa cucumbers a cikin ƙasa mai kariya da kuma mafi kyawun hanyoyin dasa shuki waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga girbi mai yawa.

Daidaitaccen layi daya dace

Zai fi kyau a dasa cucumbers a cikin greenhouse ko a cikin greenhouse ta amfani da hanyar seedling, tun da dasa shuki tare da tsaba ya haɗa da harbe daga baya.. Seedlings ba ka damar girbi na farko amfanin gona a cikin greenhouse a karshen bazara, har ma a tsakiyar yankunan kasar. Ya dace don shuka tsaba don seedlings a cikin tukwane na peat waɗanda za a iya dasa su kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa. Don haka Tushen kokwamba mai taushi ba zai lalace ba lokacin da ake ɗauka.

Tare da daidaitaccen hanyar dasa shuki mai layi ɗaya, dole ne a sanya sprouts kokwamba a jere ɗaya. A wannan yanayin, nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire ya kamata ya zama 15-20 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka masu kusa – 90-100 cm. Don hybrids masu pollinated, yawan dasa shuki za a iya ɗanɗano shi ta hanyar rage jeri zuwa 70 cm.

Dasa shuki a cikin layi ɗaya shine mafi kyau duka don ba babban gilashin da greenhouses na fim ba.

Hanyar layi biyu

Hanyar tef ɗin layi biyu tana nuna cewa a cikin tef ɗaya (layi) akwai layuka biyu na saukowa waɗanda ke layi ɗaya da juna. Lokacin dasa cucumbers ta wannan hanyar, yi amfani da makircin tazara mai zuwa:

• nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire a jere ɗaya shine 40-45 cm;
• nisa tsakanin layuka – 50-60 cm;
• tsakanin ribbons – 80-90 cm.

Faɗin hanyoyi suna sauƙaƙe shayarwa, ciyayi da sauran kula da cucumbers, kuma layi biyu suna adana sarari a cikin greenhouses da ƙirƙirar microclimate mai mahimmanci “na zafi” wanda wannan amfanin gona ke buƙata. Don kare amfanin gona daga ciyawa, ƙasa a cikin greenhouse dole ne a shafe shi da takarda, fim ko agrofibre. Don yin wannan, an yanke kayan da aka zaɓa a cikin fadi (50-60 cm) kuma an yi windows zagaye a cikinsu domin tsire-tsire da aka dasa suna cikin tsakiyar ramuka. Sa’an nan kuma an yayyafa takarda (fim, agrofibre) tare da Layer na ƙasa.

Hanyar layi biyu ita ce manufa don rarrafe ƙananan ‘ya’yan itatuwa da hybrids waɗanda ba sa buƙatar cire ƴan uwa.

Sauran hanyoyin saukar jirgin

Ya fi dacewa don girma cucumbers a cikin greenhouse polycarbonate auna 3 × 6 ko 3 × 4 m. A cikin irin wannan “gidan” yana da sauƙi don kula da tsarin zafin jiki mafi kyau, kula da iska da danshi na ƙasa. Don adana sararin samaniya, yana da mahimmanci a daidaita dasa kokwamba daidai a cikin greenhouse. Baya ga hanyoyin biyu da aka bayyana a sama, hanyar saukowa da dara ta tabbatar da kanta tana da kyau.

Chess

Tare da dara ko, kamar yadda kuma ake kira, tsarin dasa shuki mai murabba’in murabba’i, ana rarraba tsire-tsire a cikin lambun a cikin tsarin checkerboard a cikin layuka biyu. A lokaci guda, ana yin gadaje 80-85 cm fadi kuma aƙalla 20 cm tsayi. Nisa tsakanin layuka ya kamata ya zama 40-50 cm, kazalika da nisa tsakanin bushes. Don haka, kowane shuke-shuke da ke makwabtaka da su suna samar da murabba’i. Wannan hanyar sanya cucumbers a cikin greenhouse yana ba da bushes da isasshen haske yayin adana sarari. Bugu da ƙari, yana da matukar dacewa don ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da takin mai magani.

Don takin cucumbers a lokacin dasa shuki, sanya taki ko takin, toka a tsakiyar kowace ramin shuka a gauraya takin da ƙasa sosai. Ana kuma shimfiɗa taki a tsakiyar kowane fili tsakanin ramuka huɗu. A wannan yanayin, ba lallai ba ne a haɗa shi da ƙasa. Yanzu ya rage kawai don a kai a kai ruwa da plantings. Da farko, cucumbers za su ciyar da taki a cikin ramuka, kuma idan tushensu ya girma fiye da ramukan, za su fara cinye abubuwan gina jiki da aka shimfiɗa a tsakanin ramukan. Yin amfani da wannan hanya, ba kwa buƙatar ciyar da tsire-tsire akai-akai, wanda ke adana lokaci da ƙoƙari na mazaunin rani – za a ba da cucumbers tare da abinci mai gina jiki ga dukan kakar.

Dala

Don ƙananan greenhouses, gadaje zagaye sun dace. Don samar da shi, wajibi ne a yi wani tudu na ƙasa mai tsayi 25-30 cm, sanya igiya a tsakiyarsa kuma daga wannan sandar ta shimfiɗa igiyoyin tallafi tare da dukan diamita na gado. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin da’irar tare da tazara na 15 cm. Yayin da suke girma, mai tushe za su yi rarrafe, suna manne da igiyoyin, kuma su samar da mazugi mai launin kore mai kama da dala.

Yana da matukar dacewa don girbi daga irin wannan gado, tun da ana ba da damar yin amfani da bushes daga kowane bangare.

Siffar V

Ana shuka tsaba a cikin ramuka a cikin bushes biyu. Ana kafa igiyoyin tallafi akan madaidaicin giciye a tsayin 1-1,5 m kuma an shimfiɗa su zuwa ramukan a cikin nau’in harafin Latin V.. Kamar dai hanyar dala, wannan hanya ta dace da ƙananan greenhouses da greenhouses. Ana amfani da hanyoyin dasawa guda biyu masu zuwa don shuka iri kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa.

A kwance

A cikin lambun, ana yin ramuka a cikin tazara na 40 cm kuma an jiƙa da ruwa sosai. Ana sanya tsaba 3-4 a cikin kowane rami zuwa zurfin kusan 4-5 cm. Nisa tsakanin tsaba a cikin rami shine 5-10 cm. Bushes suna samuwa a cikin yadawa, wato, ba tare da ɗaure ba.

A tsaye

Tare da hanyar tsaye, ba a haƙa ramuka a gonar ba, amma ramuka a nesa na rabin mita daga juna. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin tazara na 15-20 cm zuwa zurfin 2-4 cm. Bushes tare da wannan hanyar suna daure a kan trellises ko a kan grid. Yin amfani da hanyar tsaye, zaku iya samar da daji na siffar da ake so, daidaita nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan hybrids daban-daban.

Girma cucumbers daga tsaba yana buƙatar thinning. Ana yin haka da zaran tsiron ya yi ƙarfi kuma an kafa ganye na gaskiya na uku akan kowane. An bar tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi, kuma an yanke masu rauni a hankali tare da shears na lambu a matakin ƙasa.

Ba a ba da shawarar cire sprouts tare da tushen ba, don kada ya lalata tushen tsarin da aka zaɓa mai ƙarfi.

Kurakurai masu yiwuwa a sakawa

Yana da daraja la’akari da manyan kurakurai na lambu don hana su.

• Mazauna farkon lokacin rani sukan sanya ciyawar cucumber sosai, saboda dalilai na ceton sararin samaniya. Ba za ku iya yin wannan ba – thickening na shuka yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa tsire-tsire ba su da isasshen albarkatu kuma sun daina ba da ‘ya’ya. Ba a ma maganar cewa rashin nisa tsakanin kokwamba bushes haifar da m yanayi ga fungal cututtuka da parasites.
• Dan kadan mafi kyau kuma faduwa cikin sauran matsananciyar – don dasa cucumbers a nesa mai nisa daga juna. A wannan yanayin, shuka, wanda ya saba da humid subtropical twilight, yana cikin bude rana mai zafi. Mafi kyawun girman shuka shine 3 bushes a cikin murabba’in murabba’in 1,5. m.
• Kada ku samar da bushes. Domin tsire-tsire su ba da ‘ya’ya mafi kyau kuma kada su yi rashin lafiya, ya zama dole don samar da mai tushe da zarar ganye 8-10 suka bayyana a kansu. Don yin wannan, na farko, a cikin sinuses guda huɗu na farko, an cire duk ƙarin harbe-harbe da furanni mata. Sa’an nan kuma, a cikin nodes na gaba guda hudu, matakai na gefe suna tsunkule bayan ganye daya, sa’an nan kuma, a cikin nodes biyu ko uku na gaba bayan biyu, barin ganye uku a cikin babba na tushe. Bugu da ari, da zarar mai tushe ya kai tsayin 30 cm, suna buƙatar a ɗaure su (sai dai idan an girma cucumbers ta amfani da hanyar “watsawa”) a kan tallafi. Ana cire whiskers, yayin da suke tsoma baki tare da samuwar shuka, barin kawai waɗanda aka yi la’akari da kullun kokwamba tare da igiya.
• Rashin bin ƙa’idodin unguwar agrarian. Idan kun girma cucumbers a cikin greenhouse iri ɗaya tare da amfanin gona na nightshade, za ku iya rasa amfanin gona na biyu. Cucumbers ba sa son zane-zane, suna buƙatar ruwa mai yawa da zafi mai yawa, yayin da nightshade, akasin haka, yana buƙatar iska akai-akai kuma a shayar da shi sau da yawa. Har ila yau, cucumbers ba sa jure wa unguwa tare da dankali da kayan ƙanshi – sage, Basil, cilantro, da dai sauransu.
• Da wuri (Fabrairu-Maris) shuka iri don tsiro. A wannan yanayin, ta lokacin dasawa a cikin ƙasa, tsire-tsire za su yi tsayi da yawa da bakin ciki, tsarin daidaitawa zai jinkirta. Idan an yi kuskure duk da haka, ana iya gyara wannan kulawa idan an karkatar da tushe a hankali a cikin madauki, zurfafa cikin ganyen cotyledon kuma a yayyafa shi da ƙasa. Idan tsire-tsire sun riga sun fara fure, ya zama dole a cire buds don kada shuka ya ɓata ƙarfi mai daraja akan ‘ya’yan itace mara amfani, kuma don hana haɓakar cututtuka.
• Tsarin dasawa mara kyau a cikin greenhouse. Nisa tsakanin cucumbers da gefen gado ya kamata ya zama akalla 25-30 cm. Idan kun dasa cucumbers sosai a jikin bangon greenhouse ko greenhouse, za su bushe saboda rashin zafi a lokacin sanyi.
• Rashin tallafi. Don haɓaka girma a tsaye, cucumbers dole ne a ɗaure. Wannan zai sa ya fi sauƙi don kulawa da girbi, da kuma rage yawan hulɗar mai tushe tare da ƙasa kuma yana taimakawa wajen guje wa rot. Ana yin garter lokacin da shuka ya kai tsayin 30 cm.
• Wurin da ba daidai ba da gina greenhouse kanta. Ya kamata a sanya greenhouse ko greenhouse a gefen kudu ko kudu maso gabas na wurin. Don mafi kyawun adana zafi, gadaje da ke cikin greenhouse an kafa su a ɗan kusurwa kaɗan, kuma bangon bayan da ba komai na dakin an fentin shi da fari ko kuma an lulluɓe shi da bango – yana nuna bangon, hasken rana kuma zai yi zafi da bushes daga baya. Wajibi ne a sami taga don samun iska, amma a lokaci guda bai kamata a yi daftarin aiki a cikin greenhouse ba.
• Kada ku lalata greenhouse. Tsabtace gidan greenhouse akan lokaci zai taimaka wajen guje wa phytodiseases da adana amfanin gona. Ana aiwatar da disinfection ta hanyar fumigating ɗakin tare da sulfur ko fesa duk saman tare da bayani na lemun tsami ko jan karfe sulfate a cikin adadin 400 g na lemun tsami ko 75 g na vitriol a kowace guga na ruwa. Ana zubar da ƙasa tare da dumi 3% bayani na potassium permanganate. Sa’an nan kuma a hankali bi da tagogi tare da bayani na wanka. Tabbatar da lalata gansakuka, naman gwari da lichens.