Yadda za a tsunkule cucumbers?

Idan kuna shirin shuka cucumbers a cikin gidan bazara, kuna buƙatar tuna cewa wannan amfanin gona yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Ita ma za ta buƙaci tsunkule. A yau za mu yi magana game da dalilin da yasa ake buƙatar irin wannan hanya, yadda za a yi shi daidai.

Bukatar hanya

Pinching hanya ce mai mahimmanci ga cucumbers. Ana aiwatar da shi ne don cimma manufofi masu zuwa:

• karuwa a cikin ‘ya’yan itace;
• rashin haushi a cikin ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu girma;
• samuwar furannin mata.

Pinching yana ba ku damar samun cikakken amfanin gona mai girma. Amma yana da daraja tunawa cewa buƙatarsa ​​zai dogara ne akan takamaiman nau’in da kuma halaye na shuka.

Wadannan magudin kuma za su taimaka wajen bunkasa tushen tsarin ciyayi. Suna ba da izinin sauka don samun iska sosai.. Shuka kuma za ta sami isasshen haske. Godiya ga pinching, ana ba da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace mai gina jiki zuwa saman da ƙarfi sosai, saboda abin da kayan lambu ke girma da sauri. Samuwar da pinching na bushes ba ka damar dasa ƙarin seedlings a wani yanki.

Ba tare da pinching ba, al’adar za ta kashe makamashi mai yawa akan furanni mara kyau. A sakamakon haka, ‘ya’yan itatuwa za su zama ƙananan ƙananan, rasa dandano. Ya kamata a lura da cewa dole ne a gudanar da hanya a cikin bude ƙasa da kuma a cikin tsarin greenhouse.

Pinching zai ba ku damar samun manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu lafiya tare da kyawawan halayen dandano. Amma yana da daraja tunawa cewa lokacin da aka yi shi, ya zama dole don adana foliage. Bayan haka, a cikinsa ne aka tattara babban adadin abubuwa masu amfani da abinci mai gina jiki, wanda a nan gaba za su wuce zuwa kayan lambu a cikin aiwatar da girma.

Tsuntsaye bisa ga iri-iri

Ya kamata a lura cewa tsarin pinching na iya bambanta sosai a cikin nau’ikan iri daban-daban. Yi la’akari da zaɓuɓɓuka masu zuwa daban.

• Tsuntsaye makirci don kwari pollinated iri.
• Pinching algorithm don nau’in pollinating kai.
• Algorithm don pinching nau’in parthenocarpic.

Zaɓin farko ya fi na kowa kuma an dauke shi a matsayin classic.. Tare da tsayin tsayi na kusan santimita 50, duk harbe-harben gefen da ke ƙasa da axil leaf 6 an yanke su. Za a kira wannan a matsayin “yankin dazul”.

Lokacin da daji ya kai tsayin mita 1, ovary ɗaya ne kawai ake riƙe da shi akan tafiyar matakai. Ana cire sauran ta hanyar tsunkule kan takardar farko.

Lokacin da tsayin ciyayi ya bambanta tsakanin 1-1,5 m, zai yiwu a ajiye harbe hudu, wanda akwai sassan da ganye 2 ko 2 ovaries. Idan nau’in ya girma fiye da 1,5 m, to, za a buƙaci a jefa shi a hankali a kan goyon baya, sa’an nan kuma, sama da 4 ovaries, tsunkule matakai hudu na gefe.

Lokacin da nisa tsakanin ƙarshen kara da ƙasa ya kai kusan 60 cm, dole ne a datse kambi na babban lasha. Don irin waɗannan nau’ikan, ana amfani da wani tsari daban-daban a wasu lokuta, wanda ya haɗa da matakai masu zuwa:

• tsunkule tsakiyar tushe bayan 5-6 ganye, sa’an nan kuma ƙulla shi duka;
• Ana sanya kullun a bangarorin a kusurwar digiri na 60 dangane da tushe na tsakiya, yayin da duk karin gashin baki da matakan da aka yanke a hankali;
• harbe-harbe da suka kai ga trellis ana iya nannade shi sannan a dunkule su.

Duk waɗannan tsare-tsare ana ɗaukarsu daidai da tasiri.

Yawancin lambu a lokacin aikin suna bin ka’ida mai zuwa: mafi girma ciyayi, mafi girma yawan adadin ovaries, faranti na ganye, harbe akan shi za a iya samun ceto.

Na gaba, za mu yi la’akari da cikakken makirci don pinching kai pollinated irin cucumbers. Da farko za ku buƙaci cire ovaries guda uku na farko waɗanda ke samuwa a kan babban tushe. Don haɓaka haɓakar harbe-harbe na gefe, an cire saman shuka a matakin sama da ganye na shida.

Ana yin tsunkule akan matakai na gefe ta yadda aka bar ovaries 3-4 akan kowannensu. Sa’an nan, bayan hanyar da za a dauka, kowane sabon harbi yana daura da tsarin tallafi. Wannan dole ne a yi domin kauce wa interlacing na harbe da juna.

A matsayinka na mai mulki, kawai nau’in pollinated da kansa kawai yana buƙatar pinching. Duk sauran nau’ikan za su iya girma da haɓaka kullum ba tare da wannan hanya ba.

Yanzu bari mu gano yadda za a tsunkule parthenocarpic al’adu. Don fara da, sinuses na farkon ganye hudu an ‘yantar da su daga harbe, kuma an cire su tare da furanni.

A cikin axils akan ganyen 6-7, kusan santimita 20 na harbe kawai ya rage. Sassan da suka bayyana a sama da tsari na hudu dole ne a danne su a nesa na 40 cm daga tushe, an yanke sassan hudu na gaba da 50 centimeters. Babban karan yana tsinke ne kawai lokacin da wasu ƙananan ganye shida suka girma.

Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i F1) zai zama dole don cire gashin gashin baki da ‘ya’yan uwa a cikin sinuses. Dole ne a raba sauran hanyoyin da suka rage a hankali daga juna. Kowannensu yana zuwa wajen taimakonsa. Wannan yana guje wa saƙa.

Akwai nau’ikan hybridd da basa buƙatar pinching kwata-kwata.. Wadannan nau’ikan an yi niyya don girma a cikin greenhouses da tsarin greenhouse tare da yawan dasa shuki. A cikin irin waɗannan tsire-tsire, madaukai na gefe ba sa girma. Su fruiting ne bouquet, kuma wannan ya riga ya ƙara matakin yawan aiki a wasu lokuta. Wadannan hybrids sun hada da cucumbers. “Valam”, “Bouquet”.

Ya kamata ka ba tsunkule determinant iri cucumbers, domin an farko halin da iyaka kara girma girma, a m adadin gefen harbe. Hanyar da ke cikin wannan yanayin na iya haifar da nauyi mai tsanani da kuma rushewar ciyayi a ƙarƙashin nauyin kayan lambu masu girma.

Yadda za a tsunkule a wurare daban-daban na noma?

Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa hanyar da za a binne na iya bambanta dan kadan dangane da inda aka shuka amfanin gona.

A cikin bude ƙasa

A matsayinka na mai mulki, nau’ikan amfanin gona na kwari-kwari suna girma a cikin yanayin buɗe ƙasa, sabili da haka a wannan yanayin, wajibi ne a bi tsarin da aka tattauna a sama don waɗannan nau’in. Amma a lokaci guda, yana da daraja tunawa cewa kafin fara aikin, ya zama dole don aiwatar da matakai masu mahimmanci.

Kafin tsunkule kusa da saukowa, kuna buƙatar gyara trellis. Daga ƙasan ciyayi, an cire inflorescences da harbe na gefe da farko.

Matasa seedlings suna buƙatar ɗaure sama da makonni biyu bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Kar ka manta da samar da saƙa, don wannan dalili ya zama dole don yanke saman kai sama da takarda na shida.

Kada a datse ruwan ganye masu lafiya. Bayan haka, a cikin su ne yawancin mahimman abubuwan gina jiki suna samuwa. Yanke sassan da suka lalace da marasa lafiya kawai. Idan mai tushe ya yi tsayi da yawa, to yana da kyau kada a tsunkule su.

A cikin greenhouse

Yanzu za mu yi la’akari da siffofin pinching plantings da aka girma a cikin greenhouse yanayi. A cikin irin waɗannan gine-gine, nau’ikan cucumbers masu pollinated da parthenocarpic, ana shuka nau’ikan hybrids daban-daban; a gare su, ana amfani da madaidaitan tsare-tsaren tsukewa waɗanda aka yi la’akari da su a baya.

Amfanin amfanin gona da aka dasa a cikin greenhouse sau da yawa suna fama da ciyayi mai yawa saboda ƙarancin sararin samaniya, don haka duka duka da tsintsin tsiro a cikin greenhouse yakamata a yi su akai-akai kuma a hankali fiye da ƙasa buɗe.

A lokaci guda, kada mu manta cewa a cikin wannan yanayin kada ku yi latti tare da hanya. Idan harbe a kan bushes sun riga sun kai tsayin santimita 20-25, kuma har yanzu ba a aiwatar da magudi ba, to bai kamata a yi su kwata-kwata ba, tunda duk abubuwan gina jiki sun sha.

Greenhouse cucumbers za su buƙaci garter. Wannan zai ba da damar yin amfani da sararin samaniya a cikin greenhouse ko greenhouse a matsayin mai hankali kamar yadda zai yiwu, kuma zai sauƙaƙa ƙwanƙwasa bushes. Zai fi kyau a yi tsarin gabaɗaya wanda ya ƙunshi goyan baya da wayoyi waɗanda aka haɗe lashes kokwamba. Tsuntsaye a cikin greenhouses ya kamata a yi a ƙananan matakan zafi.

Hakanan, kar ku manta da wannan nan da nan bayan pinching, shuka zai buƙaci yalwataccen ruwa tare da ruwa mai dumi. Amma a lokaci guda, matasa masu tushe a kan ƙananan ɓangaren ba za a iya zubar da ruwa ba. Hakanan, mintuna 30-40 bayan shayarwa, ana bada shawarar sassauta ƙasa a kusa da bushes, wannan zai cika tushen tsarin tare da iskar oxygen.

Na dabam, yana da daraja disassembling yadda, a karon farko, mataki-mataki mataki zuwa tsunkule cucumbers da aka girma a kan taga sills, a baranda a Apartments. Da farko, la’akari da daidaitaccen algorithm don tsintsa tsire-tsire da aka girma akan windowsill.

A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar jira har sai al’adun ya kai tsayin santimita 10. Bayan haka, an cire duk sabon girma. A cikin axils na foliage, ‘ya’yan uwa da ovaries an yanke su a hankali, yi haka har zuwa takarda na biyar.

Bayan ganye na biyar, ‘ya’yan uwa kawai suna buƙatar cirewa, yayin da ovaries suka rage. A kan takarda na 10, dole ne a bar stepson 1 kawai, ana sake maimaita ayyukan, suna motsawa tare da tsayin tsayin shuka. A sakamakon haka, rassan ‘ya’yan itace 3-4 ya kamata su tashi zuwa saman taga.

Na gaba, za mu yi la’akari da yadda za a gudanar da irin wannan hanya a lokacin da girma na gida baranda-type cucumbers.. A wannan yanayin, dole ne ka fara cire duk harbe-harbe da suka kafa bayan ganye na shida. Lokacin da ƙananan tsire-tsire suka ɗan ƙara ƙarfi kuma su bar haɓakar haɓakar gefe, harbi ɗaya kawai zai buƙaci a bar shi.

Bayan haka, an kafa tushe zuwa igiya. Ana cire gashin baki da ganye daga ƙasa. Domin mako guda bayan wannan, zai zama dole don yanke yadudduka daga tarnaƙi da harbe.

Lokacin da tsire-tsire na baranda zai iya isa rufin, dole ne a cire wurin girma. Lokacin da mai tushe na gefe ya bayyana, an cire su, ya bar biyu kawai daga cikinsu a gefe. Lokacin da suka girma zuwa santimita 50, kuna buƙatar rage su ta zanen gado biyu.

A kowane hali, ya kamata a tuna cewa don sauƙaƙe pinching, ya zama dole a bar nisa tsakanin bushes daga 30 zuwa 45 santimita idan an girma a cikin babban akwati ɗaya. Hakanan ku tuna cewa garter yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Zai fi kyau a yi shi ba a baya fiye da 10 ba kuma baya wuce kwanaki 15 bayan dasa.

Kuskure masu yiwuwa

Yawancin matasa lambu suna yin kurakurai daban-daban lokacin da suke tsinke cucumbers. Don haka, wasu suna cire duk furannin da ba su da fure a kan tsire-tsire masu pollin kwari. Ba shi yiwuwa a yi wannan kwata-kwata. Ana buƙatar furanni na namiji da na mace don pollination.

A cikin aiwatar da yanke harbe, kuna buƙatar barin ƙaramin guntu na tushe (kimanin 5 millimeters). In ba haka ba, lokacin da sabon rauni ya kamu da cututtuka daban-daban, tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya za su iya sha wahala lokaci ɗaya.

Yawancin lambu suna aiwatar da irin wannan magudi a cikin yanayin rana a lokacin rana. Idan za ku yi hanya a cikin bude ƙasa, to, don wannan ya kamata ku zaɓi yanayi mai tsabta da bushe. Yawan danshi mai yawa zai iya haifar da kamuwa da cuta na yanke tare da cututtuka. Yana da kyau a tsunkule cucumbers da sassafe. Sabbin raunuka da maraice zasu riga sun iya ja. Da dare, abubuwan da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta zasu iya haifar da ci gaban harbe.

An fi yin ƙwanƙwasa maki girma tare da kayan aiki mai kaifi na musamman (pruner, wuka na liman). Dole ne a fara maganin ta da magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta don kada su cutar da ciyayi. Hakanan ana iya yayyafa duk sassan da gurɓataccen gawayi.

Bugu da kari, da yawa lambu, a kan aiwatar da magudi, fara aiwatar yellowed da lalace ganye faranti. Ba kwa buƙatar yin wannan. Zai fi kyau a yanke su nan da nan tare da kayan aikin lambu, barin kawai sassa masu ƙarfi da lafiya a kan bushes.

Wani lokaci, bayan pruning, an bar ƙananan kututture a kan tsire-tsire, ba za a iya yin haka ba. In ba haka ba, powdery mildew na iya tasowa a kan ciyayi a nan gaba, wanda zai hana matasan ovaries su yi daidai.