Dacewar shuka, ko abokai da abokan gaba a duniyar shuka

Masana sun yi imanin cewa an kafa alaƙa iri-iri tsakanin tsire-tsire, da kuma tsakanin mutane, dangane da yawancin abubuwan halitta. Suna iya zama abokai har ma suna kare juna daga kwari da cututtuka, suna iya jure wa unguwarsu kawai yayin da suke riƙe da tsaka tsaki, amma kuma suna iya yin gogayya da juna har ma suna gaba da juna, har zuwa halakar da abokan hamayyarsu ta zahiri. Duk wani fili na gida tare da lambun lambu, lambun kayan lambu da gadaje na furen da ke kan yankinsa, al’umma ce ta ciyayi da ke rayuwa bisa ka’idodinsu da dokokinsu waɗanda yakamata masu lambu da lambun lambu su yi la’akari da su.

Dacewar shuka, ko abokai da abokan gaba a duniyar shuka. © Jennifer C.

Duk wani yanki na iya zama da kuma ciyar da mafi yawan masu rai, ƙarancin bukatunsu da muradun su suna karo da juna. KI Timiryazev.

Alal misali, masana sun yi imanin cewa kusan dukkanin al’adu suna jin dadi kusa da raspberries. Gaskiyar ita ce, wannan shuka shine mai gyara nitrogen kuma yana wadatar da ƙasa tare da iskar oxygen. Suna ba da shawarar dasa itacen apple kusa da rasberi, kuma kusa da rassan su na iya taɓawa. Tare da wannan tsari, raspberries za su kare itacen apple daga scab, kuma, bi da bi, zai kare raspberries daga launin toka. Barberry yana da dacewa mai kyau tare da honeysuckle da plum. Hawthorn yana kula da maƙwabta mai kyau tare da cherries da cherries, amma kawai a kan yanayin cewa nisa tsakanin su shine akalla 4 m.

Inabi da pears suna tare sosai. Itacen ba ya shan wahala daga gaskiyar cewa inabi na kewaye da shi, kuma liana na inabi kuma yana jin dadi. Dangantaka mai kyau na iya kula da inabi tare da itacen inabi na magnolia na kasar Sin ko actinidia, ta yadda za’a iya nannade wadannan tsire-tsire a cikin gazebo a kan wani yanki na sirri.

Anan akwai wasu misalai na ƙawancen shuke-shuken da ba a so a cikin lambun.

Gogaggen lambu sun san cewa pear da aka dasa a kusa da ceri ko ceri zai ci gaba da yin rashin lafiya, kuma ja da baƙar fata ba za su yi girma kusa da plum, ceri ko ceri ba.

Kusan kusancin gooseberries da currants suna haifar da haifuwa mai aiki na kwaro mai haɗari ga waɗannan tsire-tsire – asu na guzberi.

Itacen itacen apple yana da mummunar mummunar tasiri ga kusancin apricot, ceri ko ceri mai dadi, don haka ya fi kyau a guje wa irin wannan haɗuwa a gonar. Har ila yau, apple da pear ba sa son lilac, viburnum, wardi, izgili orange, barberry.

Ba a ba da shawarar sanya raspberries da strawberries kusa da juna ba, tunda kusancinsu yana haifar da haɓaka haifuwa na weevil strawberry-rasberi.

Korau yana nufin duk abin da ke ƙarƙashin kambinsa, ceri mai daɗi. A saboda wannan dalili, ba shi yiwuwa a dasa tsire-tsire na kowane bishiyoyi a ƙarƙashin ceri – za a halaka su da mutuwa.

Ba a ba da shawarar dasa birch kusa da bishiyoyi da shrubs ba, tunda tsarin tushensa mai ƙarfi yana cinye ruwa mai yawa kuma yana hana shuke-shuken makwabta da danshi. Spruce da maple na iya samun irin wannan tasiri.

Kada a sanya Juniper kusa da pear, saboda yana iya cutar da bishiyar ‘ya’yan itace da cututtukan fungal.

Kwanciya © Lambunan Bishiyoyi1

Abubuwan amfanin gona masu jituwa da rashin jituwa a cikin gadaje

Teburin da ke gaba ya dogara ne akan abubuwan lura na dogon lokaci na ƙungiyar Ayyukan Ecology (dangane da littafin Yadda ake Shuka Ƙarin Kayan lambu na John Jevans).

Mai jituwa
Mara daidaituwa
eggplant wake Peas karas, turnips, radishes, cucumbers, masara albasa, tafarnuwa, dankali, gladioli kabeji dankali, seleri, Dill, beets, albasa strawberries, tumatir dankali wake, masara, kabeji, horseradish kabewa, cucumbers, tumatir, raspberries strawberries daji wake. talakawa, alayyafo, letas kabeji masara dankali, Peas, wake, cucumbers, kabewa albasa, tafarnuwa beets, strawberries, tumatir, letas, seleri, karas Peas, wake karas Peas, leaf letas, albasa, tumatir dill cucumbers wake, masara, Peas, radishes, sunflowers dankali faski tumatir, bishiyar asparagus radishes Peas, letas, cucumbers beets albasa, kohlrabi seleri albasa, tumatir, daji wake, kabeji tumatir albasa, faski kabeji, dankali turnips Peas kabewa masara dankali daji wake dankali, karas, cucumbers, cabbages, celery , albasa albasa, tafarnuwa alayyafo strawberry

Lura cewa akwai wasu bayanai game da shuke-shuke masu jituwa da rashin jituwa da aka girma a gonar. Mun kuma ba shi don masu lambu su sami zaɓuɓɓukan zaɓi daga:

• wake suna dacewa da cucumbers, dankali, kabeji, letas, leaf letas, radishes, beets, rhubarb, tumatir; wanda bai dace da Peas, tafarnuwa, albasa;
• Peas suna jituwa tare da kabeji, tumatir tumatir, karas, radishes; wanda bai dace da wake, dankali, tafarnuwa, tumatir, albasa;
• strawberries sun dace da tafarnuwa, kabeji, letas, albasa, radishes; Ba a jera tauraron dan adam shuka da ba su dace ba;
• cucumbers sun dace da wake, tafarnuwa, kabeji, letas da aka yi amfani da su, seleri, albasa; wanda bai dace da radishes da tumatir;
• dankali ya dace da kabeji da alayyafo; wanda bai dace da Peas da tumatir;
• tafarnuwa ya dace da strawberries, cucumbers, karas da tumatir; wanda bai dace da wake, Peas da kabeji;
• kabeji ya dace da Peas, cucumbers, dankali, tafarnuwa, kai da leaf letus, albasa, radishes, beets, seleri, alayyafo da tumatir;
• letas ya dace da wake, Peas, strawberries, cucumbers, kabeji, albasa, radishes da tumatir; wanda bai dace da seleri ba;
• letas ya dace da kabeji, radish, beets, rhubarb, tumatir;
• leeks sun dace da strawberries, kabeji, letas da aka yi amfani da su, karas, seleri da tumatir; wanda bai dace da wake da wake;
• radish ya dace da wake, strawberries, kabeji, kai da letus letus, alayyafo da tumatir, wanda bai dace da albasa ba;
• beets sun dace da cucumbers, letas da albasa;
• rhubarb ya dace da kabeji, kabeji da salatin ganye da seleri;
• tumatir sun dace da tafarnuwa, kabeji, kai da salatin ganye, leek, radishes, seleri da alayyafo; wanda bai dace da Peas, cucumbers da dankali;
• albasa sun dace da strawberries, cucumbers, letas na kai, karas da beets; wanda bai dace da wake, kabeji da radishes ba.

Gibi. © Sergei Polishchuk

Ganye mai ƙanshi da na magani masu amfani a cikin lambu da gadaje

Wannan tebur kuma ya dogara ne akan littafin da aka ambata a baya Yadda ake Shuka Ganyaye. Ko da yake akwai irin wannan bayanin cewa hatta sufaye na zamanin d ¯ a sun yi amfani da ganyaye masu kamshi da magunguna a cikin lambuna da lambunansu don inganta dandanon ‘ya’yan itatuwa da kayan marmari, suna ƙara yawan amfanin gona da korar kwari.

Jituwa kayan kamshi da magani ga lambun
Basil yana girma da kyau tare da tumatir, Yana inganta tsarin girma da dandano ‘ya’yan itace. Yana korar kwari da sauro Marigold Yana aiki azaman mai hana kwari, gami da nematodes Valerian Good don samun wani wuri a cikin lambun. Hyssop yana kawar da diban kabeji, yana girma da kyau tare da kabeji da inabi. Kada a yi girma tare da radishes. Catnip Yana Korar Duniya (lambu) fleas Farin quinoa Daya daga cikin mafi kyawun ciyawa don cire abubuwan gina jiki daga ƙasan ƙasa; mai kyau ga dankali, albasa da masara Flax yana girma da kyau tare da karas, dankali; tunkude dankalin turawa ƙuma, inganta girma tsari da wari. Lovage officinalis Yana inganta dandano da yanayin shuke-shuke idan an dasa shi a wurare daban-daban a cikin lambun. Melissa officinalis Shuka a wurare daban-daban a cikin lambun Monarda tubular Yana girma sosai tare da tumatir, inganta dandano da girma Mint,
ruhun nana Yana girma da kyau tare da kabeji da tumatir, yana inganta lafiyar shuka gabaɗaya, ɗanɗanon ‘ya’yan itace, yana korar farin ɗanɗano Nasturtium yana girma sosai tare da radishes, cabbages, da cucurbits; girma a ƙarƙashin itatuwan ‘ya’yan itace, suna tunkuɗe aphids, kwari na gado, cucurbits masu rarrafe. Calendula yana girma da kyau tare da tumatir. Yana tunkuda ƙwaro ganyen bishiyar asparagus, tsutsar tumatir da kowane irin kwari. Shuka sarƙaƙƙiya A matsakaici, wannan ciyawa yana haɓaka haɓakar tumatir, albasa, da masara. Petunia Yana Kare tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire Wormwood yana girma da kyau tare da kabeji. Kore mujiya kabeji. Chamomile officinalis Yana girma da kyau tare da kabeji da albasa. Yana inganta girma da dandano. Thyme (thyme) Yana Kore kabeji tsutsa Dill Yana girma da kyau tare da kabeji. Ba ya son karas. Fennel Shuka a waje da lambun. Yawancin tsire-tsire ba sa son shi. Tafarnuwa Shuka kusa da wardi da raspberries. Tunkude ƙwaro Jafananci. Yana inganta girma da yanayin shuke-shuke. Sage Shuka tare da kabeji da karas, nisantar da cucumbers. Kore diba kabeji, karas tashi. Tarragon Yana da kyau don samun kewayen lambun a wurare daban-daban.

Mun yi imani cewa a cikin tsarin daya labarin, duk da haka mun ba da isasshen kayan (a gaskiya, akwai mai yawa) a kan batun da aka bayyana, don haka ma’aikatan gidajen rani suna da zabi: abin da ke yarda da su da abin da yake. ba. Muna yi muku fatan nasara!

PS Kamar yadda kuke gani daga wannan bayanin, abubuwa suna tafiya daidai tare da al’ummar shuka. A gare su, har ma an bayyana ilimin kimiyya wanda ke nazarin tasirin tsire-tsire akan juna – allelopathy. Al’amarin ya fi muni a cikin al’umma, domin in an yi husuma tare sai su kashe juna, kuma a tsawon shekaru suna dada dagulewa – daga bindigogi, tankoki, jiragen sama, makamai masu linzami, da sauransu (yawanci don son kai da son rai da sauransu). kwadayi). Amma ku gaya mani abokaina, ta yaya kowannenmu zai shuka gonar ransa? A ciki, wani wuri a kusa da shekaru 20, mun riga mun ji haihuwar rauni, amma ainihin asali da kuma ‘yan asali na duniya mai zaman kanta. Ba kome da abin da kaddarorin da tsaba germinated a cikin kowannenmu: wani abu da aka shige a kan daga kakanni, wani abu daga gama kai al’adu (dabi’a) a cikin abin da muka gudanar da rayuwa. Mun yarda da wasu daga cikin akidun da suka gabata tare da sha’awa, kokwanton wani abu, amma tushen cikin rayukanmu ya ci gaba da girma. Kuma a sa’an nan, an gaya wa waɗanda suka riga sun tsufa: “A’a, ku shuka gonakin ranku da sababbin iri: gama waɗanda suka yi tushe a cikin ranku miyagu ne, ba daidai ba ne.” Amma mun ga cewa tsaba da aka miƙa sun ma fi namu muni. Da zarar mun ga tsironsu a sabuwar rayuwa, sun zama kamar ba a yarda da mu ba fiye da namu na dā. Ko da yake… akwai wani abu a cikin su, maimakon rashin makawa na ci gaban ɗan adam. Kuma ranmu ba zai je ko’ina daga gare su ba. Haka nan sukan fara girma a cikinsa, ko muna so ko ba mu so. Don haka mu tsofaffin lambun ranmu, an tilasta mana mu raba tushen tushen da suka yi ƙarfi da kuma tushen tushen yanzu daga juna, saboda abin tausayi ne idan sun haɗu, kuma wannan kuskure ne. Sana’a ce mai ban tausayi, duk da haka, ‘yan uwa!