Dasa cucumbers a cikin bude ƙasa

Yana da matukar wuya a yi tunanin lambun ba tare da cucumbers ba. Kuma ko da yake kusan babu sinadarai a cikin wannan kayan lambu, abin farin ciki ne a gnaw kokwamba kai tsaye daga gonar. An dasa cucumbers ta duk masu lambu, tun da wannan ba shi da wahala a aiwatar da shi.

Don amfani da wuri, har ma suna girma seedlings, duk da haka, ko da lokacin dasa iri kai tsaye a cikin lambun, girbi yana da garantin koyaushe.. A cikin labarin, za mu yi la’akari da dokoki da hanyoyin da za a shuka kayan lambu a cikin filin bude, da kuma bayyana duk ƙarin kulawa.

Ranar ƙarshe

Cucumbers suna cikin dangin dicotyledonous shuke-shuke, suna son zafi sosai. Dangane da wannan, dasa shuki kayan lambu a wurin yakamata ya fara bayan ƙasa ta yi zafi har zuwa aƙalla + 12 ° C. Tare da wannan, yanayin yanayin ya riga ya zama + 14 ° C kuma ƙari. Hankali! A baya can, ba a dasa tsaba a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, saboda a cikin yanayin sanyi da ɗanɗano za su iya mutuwa kawai kuma ba tsiro ba.

A lokaci guda kuma, babu buƙatar jinkirta shuka. An kafa cucumbers a zazzabi na + 14- + 30 ° C kuma kada ku jure wa zafi mai ƙarfi. A sakamakon haka, lokacin girma mai aiki na shuka bai kamata ya zo daidai da lokacin zafi na Yuli ba, in ba haka ba cucumbers zai rage ci gaban su kuma yana iya bushewa gaba ɗaya.

Dangane da yanki da sigogin yanayi

Dole ne in ce lokacin dasa kokwamba tsaba a cikin bude ƙasa a daban-daban ratsi na kasar ne daban-daban. A wannan yanayin, lokacin zabar lokacin shuka, ya kamata mutum yayi la’akari da ƙayyadaddun yanayin yankin.

• Tsakiyar tsiri na yankin Turai na Rasha – daga 10 zuwa 30 ga Mayu.
• Arewa maso yammacin kasar – farkon watan Yuni.
• Ural da Siberiya – saboda yanayin sanyi a wadannan yankuna, ana fara shuka iri a ranar 15 ga Mayu (har zuwa farkon watan Yuni). Idan akai la’akari da cewa lokacin rani yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin waɗannan belts, cucumbers yawanci ana girma a cikin seedlings.
• Kudu – daga Afrilu 15.

Akwai nau’o’in cucumbers waɗanda suke girma da wuri, tsakiyar ripening da marigayi ripening. Idan kun dasa su gaba ɗaya a kan rukunin yanar gizon ku, to, zaku iya cin kayan lambu masu kauri a duk lokacin kakar.

Bisa ga shawarwarin masana’anta, la’akari da iri-iri

Lokacin sayen tsaba kokwamba a cikin kantin sayar da, ya kamata ku dubi shawarwarin akan duk fakiti. Anan za ku iya ganin ainihin kwanakin dasa kayan lambu irin wanda kuka saya.

Bisa kalandar wata

Yawancin manoman kayan lambu suna amfani da kalandar wata don zaɓar lokacin shuka iri a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa. Wata yana da ikon yin tasiri ga samuwar al’adu. An yi imani da cewa yana da kyau a shuka cucumbers a lokacin lokacin matashin wata.

A ina zan shuka?

ƙasa

Yana da mahimmanci a zabi ba kawai wuri mai kyau ga gadaje ba, har ma da ƙasa. Ƙasa don dasa shuki shuke-shuke a cikin buɗaɗɗen wuri ya kamata ya zama haske, crumbly, m, da tsaka tsaki pH. Tun da namo cucumbers zai zama musamman m a kan wannan ƙasa, girbi zai zama mai kyau da kuma dadi. Shawara! Zai fi kyau a shirya ƙasa don dasa shuki na bazara na cucumbers don kakar, mafi daidai, tun daga fall. Duk da haka, babu wani abu mai ban tsoro da zai faru idan kun yi waɗannan ayyukan a cikin bazara – 4 ko akalla kwanaki 14 kafin shuka.

Don shirya ƙasa yadda ya kamata, dole ne ka fara tono yanki a ƙarƙashin gado a kan bayonet na shebur, yayin gabatar da humus ko takin (guga na 1 m2). Wannan kwayoyin halitta zai inganta tsarin ƙasa, ya sa ya zama mai sauƙi, mai laushi, ba tare da la’akari da darajar sinadirai da amfanin gona ke bukata don girbi mai kyau ba. AF! Kuna iya ciyar da ƙasa daidai kafin dasa cucumbers. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar yin ramuka game da zurfin 30 cm, sannan ku cika su da abun da ke ciki na gonar lambu, takin ko humus (a cikin rabo na 1: 1).

Hakanan yana da amfani don takin tare da takin ma’adinai kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Nan da nan za ka iya amfani da wani hadadden shiri, misali, “Azofoska”, wanda ya riga ya hada da zama dole aka gyara: superphosphate (phosphorus), potassium sulfate (potassium), ammonium gishiri nitric acid (nitrogen). Amma kuma yana yiwuwa a ciyar da ƙasa a cikin gadon lambu na gaba tare da shirye-shirye daban-daban daban, misali: nitrogen, potassium da phosphorus.

Yana da kyau a yi amfani da shirye-shiryen nitrogen kawai a cikin bazara, da potassium da phosphorus – a lokacin shirye-shiryen gadaje a cikin fall. Ya kamata a yi amfani da kowane takin mai magani daidai da umarnin kan kunshin.

Wuri

Lokacin zabar wani wuri don gadon lambu a kan mãkirci, kada mutum ya manta game da ka’idodin jujjuya amfanin gona (don yin magana, canji na amfanin gona). Abubuwan da suka dace don kokwamba sune: tafarnuwa, albasa, kabeji, tumatir, barkono. Amma dasa wannan kayan lambu bayan kabewa da guna (guna, kankana, kokwamba da kanta, squash, zucchini, kabewa) ba a so sosai.. A kan bayanin kula! Kuna iya dasa cucumbers kusa da tumatir, kabeji, turnips, masara, butterflies, radishes – waɗannan maƙwabta ne masu kyau.

Wurin da za a dasa tsaba kokwamba a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa dole ne ya zama dumi kuma yana iya samun damar hasken rana. Ba tare da haske mai kyau ba kuma wani lokacin tare da ƙaramin shading, ƙarar da ingancin amfanin gona za a iya ragewa sosai. Saboda haka, kafin shuka, ya zama dole don zaɓar wurin da ya fi dacewa.

Shirye-shiryen iri

Yawancin masu shuka kayan lambu suna shuka cucumbers tare da tsaba kai tsaye zuwa cikin ƙasa, duk da haka, har ma masana ba su da ra’ayi gama gari game da buƙatar sarrafa kayan kafin shuka. Don haka, masu lambu su yanke shawarar kansu, don dumama tsaba, shuka su, kawai jiƙa su ko shuka su bushe. Kowace hanya tana da magoya bayanta da masu adawa da ita, da kuma kwarewa mai kyau ko mara kyau na aikace-aikace. Wata hanya ko wata, yana da kyau a saurari shawarwari masu mahimmanci.

• Zaɓi mafi kyau (calibirate) Ana iya jiƙa tsaba na kokwamba na ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin bayani na 3% na gishiri mai ci (gram 30 a kowace lita na ruwa). Bayan minti 5-10 bayan nutsewa, tsaba da ba su iya tsirowa ya kamata su yi iyo. Dole ne a tuna cewa hanyar ta dace da sabo ne kawai (ba a girmi shekaru 2 ba), duk da cewa suna iya kasancewa mai yiwuwa har ma da shekara ta 5-6 bayan girbi.
• jika tsaba, An yi niyya don shuka a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa, ya kamata a yi kawai lokacin da aka tabbata cewa za a sami yanayi mai dumi da matsakaicin ɗanɗano aƙalla kwanaki 7 masu zuwa. An bayyana wannan ta gaskiyar cewa tsaba masu kumbura sun fi busassun taushi. Rudiments a cikinsu wani lokaci suna iya mutuwa bayan ɗan sanyi ko bushewar saman saman duniya.
• Germination na iri hade da irin wannan kasada. Tare da canje-canje a yanayin zafi da zafi, tsire-tsire masu rauni suna fitowa daga gare su.
• Wasu masu shuka kayan lambu suna dumama tsaba a jajibirin shuka na tsawon kwanaki 4 (kwana 3 a 40 ° C da rana a 80 ° C). Wannan hanya ce mai kyau don ƙara germination. Lokacin yin irin waɗannan ayyukan, ya zama dole don kula da tsarin dumama daidai, wanda wani lokacin yana da wahala a gida.

Hankali! Ba a sarrafa iri da ake sayar da “a cikin harsashi” kafin shuka.

Hanyoyin saukarwa da dokoki

Cucumbers za a iya horar da biyu seedling da seedless hanya. Na farko ana aiwatar da shi ne lokacin da wurin ke cikin wani yanki mai tsananin yanayi ko mai shuka kayan lambu yana son samar da kayan lambu da wuri.

seedling

Seedlings yawanci ana saya ko girma da kansa. A kowane hali, mafi kyawun shekarunsa ta lokacin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa shine kwanaki 25-35. Mun lura da nuance ɗaya kawai: wajibi ne a lokacin dasawa zuwa gadaje, tsire-tsire ba su da ganye na gaske sama da 4-5, a wasu kalmomi, kada a “ƙaratar da su”. Tushen kokwamba yana da rauni sosai, suna karyewa cikin sauƙi, wanda ke rage saurin samuwar shuke-shuke kuma sau da yawa yana sa duk tasirin amfani da fasahar seedling ba ta da tasiri.

• Dasa cucumbers daga tukwane sosai, transshipment (tare da dunƙule na ƙasa), ba tare da keta mutuncin tushen tsarin ba.
• Ƙirƙiri rijiyoyi bisa ga makirci don nau’in ku ko matasan ku. Girman su ya kamata ya dace da girman tukwane kuma har ma ya fi girma lokacin da aka shimfiɗa tsire-tsire.
• Cika ramukan da ruwan sama mai dumi.
• Da zaran ruwan ya sha, cire tsire-tsire daga tukwane kuma sanya a cikin ramuka.. Zurfafa wanda aka shimfiɗa zuwa ga ganyen cotyledon.
• Cika ramukan, datse ƙasa, ruwa kuma da ciyawa ko yayyafa busasshiyar ƙasa a saman, don kada ɓawon burodi ya yi, kuma tushen ya sami damar yin numfashi.

Shuka tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire da yamma, a cikin yanayin girgije. Idan ya yi zafi, a shayar da cucumbers na kwanaki 2-3 na farko.

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Dasa cucumbers tare da kayan iri kai tsaye a cikin lambun ba ya bambanta da shuka kowane amfanin gona, kawai kuna buƙatar zaɓar lokacin da ya dace kuma, lokacin da zafi ya daɗe, shirya kayan rufewa. A kan gadaje da aka shirya a gaba, kusurwar chopper ko wani abu mai dacewa yana yin tsagi daidai da tsarin da aka zaɓa. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana yin shuka bandeji. A wannan yanayin, lokacin dasa shuki iri-iri na farko, ana barin 30-50 cm tsakanin layuka, ga wasu – 40-60 cm.

An shayar da raƙuman ruwa sosai tare da ruwa ta yin amfani da ruwan sha ba tare da raga ba, kuma bayan shayar da shi, an shimfiɗa tsaba da aka shirya a nesa na 15-30 cm daga juna. Ana yayyafa tsaba tare da ƙasa da aka ɗauka daga gefen tsagi, ko tare da taki mai lalacewa 2-3 cm lokacin farin ciki. Don adana danshi da zafi, rufe su da fim na polyethylene. Da farko, ana iya shimfiɗa kayan kai tsaye a kan ƙasa, amma idan kuna buƙatar kiyaye shi na dogon lokaci, kuna buƙatar yin arcs.

Hanyoyin da ba a saba gani ba na girma

Baya ga girma cucumbers a cikin fili, akwai wasu zaɓuɓɓuka. Suna rage haɗarin da ke da alaƙa da yanayin, kuma wasu suna ba da damar adana sarari a kan rukunin yanar gizon.

• Cucumbers a cikin jaka. Ana zuba kasa a cikin jakar kusan zuwa sama, a sanya fegi, ana sanya tsire-tsire sama da 3 a cikin da’irar don samun isasshen ƙasa da sarari don yin noma. Ana cushe ƙusoshi a kan fegi, an ɗaure zaren da shuka zai murɗa. Wannan yana adana sararin samaniya, an sanya jakar daidai inda ya fi dacewa don ci gaban kokwamba. A cikin mummunan yanayi, zaku iya rufewa da fim. Ana yin shayarwa ta hanyar kwalabe da aka sanya a gaba.
• Yin amfani da baƙar fata agrofabric (agrofibre). Agrofabric yana ba ku damar riƙe danshi da sassaukar da ƙananan canje-canje a cikin zafin jiki. Kafin shuka, an rufe ƙasa da geotextile mai suna. A kan kayan da aka rufe, an yi rami a ƙarƙashin kowane daji, ta hanyar da za ta yi girma. Kulawa ne da za’ayi kamar yadda a cikin talakawa namo a cikin ƙasa.
• A cikin tayoyin mota (ko ganga). Ana ɗaukar tayoyi 3 ana jera su a saman juna a wurin da aka nufa. Don kare kariya daga ciyawa, kwali yana yadawa zuwa kasa, sa’an nan kuma an zubar da magudanar ruwa, yana yiwuwa daga busassun rassan, duk wannan an rufe shi da ƙasa. Sa’an nan, domin cucumbers su yi dumi da sauri girma, abinci da sharar gida da busassun ciyawa su tafi, wanda aka rufe da ƙasa, kuma za a iya ƙara taki tukuna. Wajibi ne a shuka a cikin saman yadudduka na ƙasa. Cucumbers za su tsiro da sauri saboda ruɓewar cakuda zai ba su dumi da wadataccen abinci. Lokacin sanyi, zaku iya rufe da fim.
• Bukkar cucumbers. Ana yin saukowa tare da gefuna na bukkar, an sanya shinge tare da ƙugiya a tsakiya, an jawo zaren zuwa gare shi, an dasa shuki. Nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire bai kamata ya wuce mita daya ba – m, kyakkyawa, kuma cucumbers suna da tsabta kuma suna sha’awar. Idan yana da sanyi, yana da sauƙi a nannade shi da fim wanda zai yi gargaɗi game da mummunan yanayi.
• A kan trellis mai karkata. Ribobi – yana ɗaukar sarari kaɗan, tun da cucumbers suna girma a kan laka mai karkata a kusan 70 °, suna girma da kyau, hasken rana suna haskakawa kuma a lokaci guda suna yin inuwa shuke-shuke waɗanda ke tsoron haskoki kai tsaye. Suna girma da sauri, a lokaci ɗaya kuma na dogon lokaci don Allah tare da girbi mai kyau.

Ƙarin Kulawa

Idan kuna kula da kayan lambu a cikin …