Yana da wuya a sami aƙalla mazaunin rani ɗaya wanda ba zai shuka cucumbers akan mãkircinsa ba. Wataƙila waɗannan su ne mafi mashahuri kayan lambu a kan tebur bayan dankali. A lokacin rani, cucumbers suna wartsakewa sosai kuma suna kashe ƙishirwa, kuma a cikin nau’in gwangwani suna da mahimmanci azaman appetizer kuma don shirya salads na hunturu na gargajiya.
Duk da haka, wasu lambu suna girma cucumbers a kan son rai, ba tare da shiga cikin abubuwan da ke damun wannan amfanin gona ba, kuma a sakamakon haka suna samun girbi mara kyau. Babban dalilin ƙananan adadin ‘ya’yan itatuwa shine rashin makantar lokaci na cucumbers. Menene wannan hanya da kuma yadda za a yi daidai, za mu gaya a kasa.
Bukatar hanya
A karkashin irin wannan suna mai ban tsoro kamar “makanta”, akwai hanyar da ke da amfani sosai ga cucumbers, wanda ke ba ku damar haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa a cikin greenhouse. Batun gaba daya shine ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna samuwa ne kawai daga furanni na mata. Suna da sauƙin bambanta daga maza ta hanyar ƙananan ovary na kokwamba. Furen namiji ba sa ‘ya’ya, don haka dole ne a cire wasu daga cikinsu don shuka ya ciyar da makamashi akan ‘ya’yan itatuwa, kuma ba akan samuwar harbe ba.
Bugu da ƙari, rashin ƙarancin yawa a gindin daji zai tabbatar da yaduwar iska a cikin yankin tushen kuma ta haka ne ya hana samuwar naman gwari da cututtuka. Har ila yau, bayan kawar da furanni bakararre, ingancin ‘ya’yan itatuwa ya inganta: sun zama babba kuma ba su da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci.
Wajibi ne don aiwatar da wannan hanya da zaran tsayin sprouts ya kai 50 cm.
Fasaha
Tabbas, abin tausayi ne ga masu aikin lambu na novice don yanke farkon ovaries, saboda suna so su ji daɗin cucumbers masu ƙima da wuri-wuri. Duk da haka, makanta cucumbers shine abin da ake bukata don kyakkyawan ‘ya’yan itace. A lokacin da bushes ya kai tsawon rabin mita, sun riga sun sami tsarin tushen, kuma furanni da ovary suna toshe kwararar abubuwan gina jiki zuwa gare shi, suna ɗaukar komai don kansu. Saboda haka, shuka ya zama damuwa, musamman ma lokacin da yanayin ya kasance mai sanyi.
A wannan lokaci, yana da matukar muhimmanci a samar da lashes kokwamba don ‘ya’yan itatuwa su yi girma a cikin sashinsu na sama.
Don gurbataccen iska
Irin pollinated kai (parthenocarpic) sun haɗa da iri irin su “Adamu”, “Zozulya”, “Claudia”, “Grasshopper”, “Jarumi”, “Yaro da yatsa”, “Prestige”, “Goosebump”, “Alex”, “Siberian Garland”, “Emerald Placer”, ” Anyuta “,” Moscow Maraice “, da dai sauransu.
Seedlings na waɗannan nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i)) ya fi dacewa dasa su a cikin greenhouses inda babu damar yin amfani da kwari. Bambance-bambancen cucumbers masu pollinated kai shine cewa sun ƙunshi furannin mata kawai. Wannan yana nufin babban adadin ‘ya’yan itatuwa da babban kaya a kan kara. Saboda haka, irin waɗannan tsire-tsire dole ne a tsara su a hankali: makafi, stepson, tsunkule.
Wannan jagorar mataki zuwa mataki zai taimake ka kayi daidai.
- Cire duk furanni, gashin-baki, ‘ya’yan uwa da ovaries har zuwa ganye 5 daga sinuses na lasha kokwamba. Kuna iya makantar da cucumbers kai tsaye da yatsunsu, ko kuma kuna iya amfani da pruner na musamman na lambu. Lokacin cire sassan shuka, ya kamata ku yi ƙoƙarin yin wannan magudi a kusa da tushe kamar yadda zai yiwu, ba tare da barin kututture ba, amma a lokaci guda kada ku lalata tushen kanta. Zai fi kyau a yi haka a lokacin abincin rana, tun da safe shuka yana da rauni, za ku iya karya babban tushe ba da gangan ba. A kai a kai duba ƙananan nodes akan itacen inabi don hana haɓaka abubuwan da ba dole ba.
- Sa’an nan, lokacin da kusan 8-10 ganye suka samu akan itacen inabi, kuna buƙatar cire ƙananan ganye guda huɗu da ganyen cotyledon. Ya kamata a yi hakan a hankali, musamman idan yanayi yana da sanyi kuma cucumbers suna girma a hankali, amma aƙalla sau ɗaya a mako. Idan an cire shi akai-akai, zaka iya rasa wani ɓangare na amfanin gona, kuma idan sau da yawa, to akwai babban haɗari na lalata shuka. Ƙarƙashin ɓangaren tushe ya kamata ya kasance kullun.
- A gefen harbe da kuma a saman shuka, gashin baki yana da kyau a cire don kada su cire kayan abinci daga itacen inabi. Kimanin gashin baki 6-8 suna ɗaukar ƙarfi daga shuka don samar da cucumbers 1-2. Don kiyaye shuka da ƙarfi akan goyan baya, kawai karkatar da shi sama a kusa da zaren akai-akai.
- A tsayi har zuwa 100 cm, tsunkule duk matakan gefe sama da ganye 1, barin kwai ɗaya da ganye biyu akan kowane Layer na gefe. Kalmar “‘ya’ya” a cikin wannan yanayin yana nufin ƙananan harbe masu girma daga sinuses. Suna buƙatar cire su don hana kauri daga cikin daji. Idan kun rasa lokacin, kuma ‘ya’yan itatuwa a kan ‘ya’yan uwa sun riga sun fara samuwa, to ya kamata ku bar su su yi girma sannan ku cire bulala kawai, in ba haka ba akwai hadarin rot a wurin “yanke”.
- A tsawo na 100-150 cm, bar 3-4 matakai tare da ovaries biyu da 2-3 ganye.
- A tsawo na 150 cm da sama, tsunkule duk ‘ya’yan uwa sama da ganye na uku, barin 3-4 ovaries da adadin ganye a kowane.
- Jefa ɓangaren sama na itacen inabi akan trellis. Yanzu za ta yi girma. Da zaran ƙarshensa ya kusanci 50-60 cm zuwa ƙasa, toshe babban matakin girma.
Don masu pollinators na kudan zuma
Waɗannan nau’ikan suna ɗauke da furanni na mace da na namiji (furanni bakarare). Babban tushe ba ya ba da ‘ya’ya, don haka kana buƙatar barin matakai na gefe, wanda aka kafa dukkanin ovaries. Irin waɗannan cucumbers ana dasa su a cikin ƙasa buɗe a cikin mai tushe 2-3. Nau’o’in da ke cikin wannan nau’in za su kasance kamar haka: Universal, Lastochka, Far East 27, Phoenix Plus, Abokai na Gaskiya, Compass, Acorn, Ubangiji, Teremok, Nezhinsky, da dai sauransu.
Odar makanta ga cucumbers masu pollinated kudan zuma:
- cire furanni maza;
- cire duk wuce haddi matakai;
- tsunkule babban tushe tsakanin ganye na biyar da na shida;
- cire ƙananan harbe, yellowed ganye da dukan rauni da kuma cututtuka sassa na shuka.
Shirye-shiryen da aka ba da shawarar
Yi la’akari da mafi kyawun makirci don makantar cucumbers akan shafin.
Don greenhouse
Don girma a cikin greenhouse, zaɓi pollinated kai ko ba sa buƙatar pollination nau’in cucumbers waɗanda ke da tsayayya da samuwar cututtukan fungal. Seedlings suna pre-sprouted a gida, da kuma wata daya daga baya an dasa su a cikin wani greenhouse bi da disinfectants.
Bushes suna samuwa a cikin harbi ɗaya tare da nisa na 40 cm don samar da isasshen sarari ga tsire-tsire. Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka kai tsayin 30 cm, dole ne a ɗaure su ta amfani da garters a tsaye da zaren nailan ko igiya. Hakanan ana iya dasa masara a matsayin garter mai rai, to, cucumbers za su fara manne da dogayen mai tushe. Ana shayar da tsire-tsire da ruwan dumi kuma ana ciyar da su akai-akai tare da takin mai magani: nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium, sannan bayan fure kuma boron tare da magnesium.
Wajibi ne don makanta, tsunkule da tsunkule cucumbers a duk lokacin bazara. Ya kamata a gudanar da waɗannan ayyukan a cikin rana, ta yadda da yamma shuka zai iya farfadowa. Yi amfani da kayan aiki masu kaifi kawai waɗanda aka shafe da barasa ko potassium permanganate.
Don buɗe ƙasa
Don buɗe ƙasa, nau’in cucumbers masu pollinated kudan zuma sun dace. Ba kamar parthenocarpic, ‘ya’yan itãcen marmari suna samuwa a kan harbe na gefe, don haka kuna buƙatar yin hankali sosai tare da makanta.
Wurin da za a dasa cucumbers ya kamata ya haskaka da rana kuma a kiyaye shi daga zane. Ana yin gado da ciyawa ko taki don samar da dumi ga cucumbers. Ana shuka iri nan da nan a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin 1-2 cm tare da nisa na kusan 50 cm.
Ana amfani da trellis, pegs, net ko igiya don ɗaure cucumbers, amma idan lokacin rani ya yi alkawarin bushewa, to, za ku iya barin bushes don girma kamar yadda suke so. A matsayinka na mai mulki, bushes na cucumbers da aka zaɓa don dasa shuki a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa sun fi na nau’in pollinated kai.
Makantar cucumbers a cikin fili ana aiwatar da shi har zuwa ganye na goma. Don haɓaka haɓakar harbe na gefe, an cire inflorescences na biyu tare da ovaries. Idan ganye 7-8 sun riga sun samo asali, amma ‘ya’yan ba su riga sun girma ba, za ku iya tsunkule saman, a wasu lokuta, babu ƙarin magudi da ake bukata.
Don kada bushes ɗin ba su da kyau sosai, bayan bayyanar kokwamba na farko a cikin nau’ikan pollinated kudan zuma, toshe harbe masu girma daga nodes na farkon ganye 6-7. Bugu da ari, za ka iya riga ka bar dogon harbe. Tare da kyawawan ganye masu haske da adadi mai yawa na ovaries, shuka baya buƙatar suturar saman, wanda ya sa waɗannan nau’ikan su dace da rashin fahimta.
Kuna iya yin alamar shafi wannan shafi
