Mazauna lokacin rani sau da yawa suna fuskantar irin wannan matsala kamar bushewa daga bushes na kokwamba. Wannan na iya zama sanadin dalilai iri-iri. Saboda abin da irin wannan matsala zai iya tasowa da kuma abin da za a yi game da shi, za mu bayyana dalla-dalla a cikin wannan labarin.
Yanayin girma mara daidai
Kuskuren girma na ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da yasa ganyen kokwamba ke bushewa. Don haka, wannan al’ada zai iya girma da haɓaka da kyau kawai a gaban isasshen haske da zafi – wannan ya shafi duka cucumbers da ke girma a cikin ƙasa mai budewa da kayan lambu na greenhouse.
A jeri bushes kokwamba yana da mahimmanci. Kada a dasa su sosai. In ba haka ba, bushes za su haifar da inuwa ga juna, saboda abin da tsire-tsire za su bushe a gefuna, rasa ƙarfi.
Ba shi yiwuwa a ba da izinin hypothermia na shuka. Tare da tsalle-tsalle masu kaifi a cikin zafin jiki, cucumbers za su juya rawaya, tare da dogon lokacin sanyi za su bushe, juya rawaya kuma su fadi, a wannan yanayin ba zai yiwu a cece su ba. Kuma tare da dogon lokaci lamba tare da sanyi saman (misali, tare da gilashin greenhouse), za su murƙushe kuma bushe.
Yin zafi don cucumbers shima yana da illa, dole ne a kula da wannan a hankali, tunda shuka na iya ƙonewa a lokacin zafi musamman, wanda kuma zai sa ganyen ya bushe ya zama rawaya. Wannan na iya faruwa saboda tuntuɓar ganyen daji tare da ganuwar greenhouse mai zafi, kazalika da shigowar faɗuwar ruwa lokacin shayar da ganyen daji.
mummunar kulawa
Rashin kulawa kuma zai iya haifar da matsaloli tare da bushes kokwamba.
- Zai iya zama cin zarafin tsarin ruwa. Tare da rashin ruwa, cucumbers za su bushe, bushe kuma rage jinkirin girma, musamman a yanayin zafi. A matsayinka na mai mulki, a lokacin bushewa, ana shayar da tsire-tsire a kowace rana, kuma wani lokacin sau biyu: da sassafe suna shayar da tsire-tsire kadan, kuma da yamma suna shirya ruwa mai yawa. Idan babu damar da za a shirya ruwa na yau da kullum, to, za ku iya shayar da shuka a kowace ‘yan kwanaki, amma a lokaci guda dole ne a yi amfani da ruwa a cikin manyan kundin, daidai a ƙarƙashin tushen daji. Duk da haka, wuce gona da iri tare da shayarwa kuma ba shi da daraja, saboda wannan na iya haifar da cututtuka na shuka. Lokacin shayarwa wajibi ne a kula da yawan zafin jiki na ruwa. Don haka, a cikin greenhouse, bushes suna buƙatar shayar da ruwa kawai.
- Rashin takin da bai dace ba shine wani kuskuren gama gari da yawa daga cikin lambu suna yi yayin da suke kula da ciyayi na kokwamba, wanda saboda haka tsire-tsire suka fara bushewa da bushewa. A matsayinka na mai mulki, wannan yana faruwa ne saboda rashi na ma’adanai a cikin ƙasa, wato nitrogen. Yana yiwuwa a ƙayyade cewa daji ba shi da wannan ma’adinai ta hanyar alamomi masu zuwa: tukwici na ganyen daji sun fara juya launin rawaya, bayan lokaci dukan ganyen ganye ya zama rawaya, wanda daga baya ya bushe kuma ya bushe. Duk da haka, ka tuna cewa overfeeding shuka tare da takin mai magani kuma ba shi da daraja, saboda wannan na iya haifar da wasu matsaloli.
- Kar ka manta game da tsaftacewa na weeds. Da kansu, yawanci gaba ɗaya ba su da lahani, amma ciyawa ne waɗanda galibi masu ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta ne, waɗanda daga baya kawo matsaloli masu yawa ga bushes kokwamba.
Maganin cututtuka
Haka kuma cututtuka na iya haifar da bushewar ganyen dajin kokwamba.
- Mafi na kowa cuta ne powdery mildew.. Wannan cuta ce ta fungal da ke rushe photosynthesis a cikin tsire-tsire. Daga baya, ganyen ya zama tabo, ya zama rawaya kuma ya bushe. Lokacin da aka gano wannan cututtukan fungal, dole ne a kawar da ganyen da ya shafa, a maye gurbin saman saman ƙasa kuma a fesa daji a hankali tare da hanyoyi na musamman. “Fundazol”, “Skor”, “Topaz” da “Vitaros” cikakke ne.
Duk da haka, yana da wuya a bi da powdery mildew, tun da causative wakili na wannan cuta ne sosai tenacious.
- Tushen ruɓe kuma na iya sa shukar ta bushe ta koma rawaya, tana yaduwa daga ƙasa zuwa sama. Wani daji zai iya kamuwa da cutar saboda ruwan sanyi, dasa shuki mai yawa, zafi mai zafi da sanyin yanayi. Don kawar da wannan cuta, ya zama dole don kawar da tsire-tsire marasa lafiya, da kuma fesa shuka tare da shirye-shiryen nazarin halittu na musamman, misali, Trichodermin, Fitosporin, Gamair da Planriz.
- Phytophthora – Wata cuta da ke haifar da bushewa da bushewar daji. Cutar ta shiga cikin shuka ta cikin capillaries na foliage, wanda ke toshe samar da abinci mai gina jiki. Yana da wuya a bi da wannan cuta, amma yana yiwuwa. Ana iya yin wannan tare da taimakon shirye-shirye na musamman: alal misali, zaka iya amfani da ruwa na Bordeaux, jan karfe sulfate, Fitosporin da Topaz.
Maganin Kwari
aphid
Wannan kwarin yana cutar da tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin lambun. Yana ciyar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace na shuka, wanda sakamakonsa shine wilting na daji kokwamba, canjin launi na ganye, bayyanar ramuka. A matsayinka na mai mulki, wannan ƙananan ƙwayar cuta yana zaune a gefen gefen gefen leaf, kuma a cikin adadi mai yawa. Idan kwaro ba shi da lokacin haifuwa, zaku iya yaƙi da shi tare da taimakon magungunan jama’a. Maganin sabulu, albasa, tafarnuwa da ash sun dace da wannan. Idan kwayar cutar ta sami nasarar haihuwa, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da hanyoyin sinadarai. Daga cikin su, musamman fitattun hanyoyi kamar su Fufanon, Altar, Iskra, Actor, Confidor, Biotlin da Tanrek.
farar fata
Whitefly wata karamar malam buɗe ido ce wadda sau da yawa ke kewaye dazuzzukan kokwamba. Girmansa bai wuce milimita 2 ba, duk da haka, duk da ƙananan girmansa, yana iya haifar da babbar illa ga shuka. Wannan malam buɗe ido yana ciyar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace na shuka, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa al’adun ke rage haɓaka girma, daina haɓakawa, bushewa, kuma ‘ya’yan itatuwa ba su da kyau. Bugu da kari, ana iya bayyana tabo a jikin ganyen daji, wanda hakan ya faru ne saboda sinadarin da wannan kwayar cutar ke fitarwa yayin ciyarwa. A sakamakon haka, shuka kawai ya mutu.
Kuna iya yaƙi da wannan kwari mai cutarwa tare da taimakon sinadarai – musamman bayar da shawarar yin amfani da “Fufanon” da “Aktellik”, tun da wadannan kwayoyi sun tabbatar da mafi tasiri.. Duk da haka, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da su kawai a cikin lokuta masu tasowa, tun da magungunan irin wannan nau’in suna halin karuwa mai yawa.
Hakanan zaka iya amfani da magungunan jama’a da aka yi akan taba, soda burodi, ganyen dandelion, tafarnuwa ko yarrow.
Mealybugs
mealybug ƙaramin kwaro ne wanda ke kai hari ga shukar da ake nomawa a duk yankuna. Wannan parasite ɗin yayi kama da ƙaramar farar tsutsa. Yana ci gaba da ciyar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itace tantanin halitta, yana fitar da shi daga foliage, buds da tushen, wanda ke lalata al’ada kuma yana hana ci gabanta. A sakamakon haka, shuka ya mutu. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar cuta tana haifar da wasu matsaloli ga shuka. Lokacin ciyarwa, yana fitar da irin wannan abu mai ɗanɗano kamar ruwan zuma, shine mafi kyawun wurin kiwo ga naman gwari.
Wannan kwaro yana haifuwa da sauri. A cikin lamuran da suka ci gaba, da alama zai zama mara amfani don yaƙar ta, dole ne a kawar da shuka don kada kwaro ya ƙaura zuwa shuka lafiya.. Idan kun sami nasarar lura da mealybug a farkon bayyanarsa, to a cikin wannan yanayin zaku iya amfani da shirye-shiryen sinadarai kamar Aktara, Fitoverm da Biotlin, ko magungunan jama’a dangane da tafarnuwa, kwasfa citrus, sabulu ko calendula.
Hakanan ana iya amfani da magungunan jama’a, ta hanyar, don rigakafin, wanda zai hana faruwar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin lambun.
Garkuwa
Wannan kuma wani ƙaramin parasite ne, wanda girmansa ya kai kusan milimita 3. Yana da jiki mai laushi tare da garkuwa mai yawa, kuma launinsa zai iya bambanta dangane da nau’in – yana iya zama kore, launin ruwan kasa, rawaya, launin ruwan kasa ko haske. A lokacin kakar, mace na irin wannan kwaro za ta iya yin kimanin ƙwai dubu, yayin da bayan oviposition, kwaro mai girma ya mutu. Larvae da aka ƙyanƙyashe na wannan kwaro suna ciyar da ruwan ‘ya’yan itacen shuka sosai.
Sikelin kwari yana haifar da babbar illa ga ƙananan harbe. A cikin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, ganye suna fara faɗuwa, shuka kanta ta raunana, ta rasa ikon samar da ‘ya’yan itace ovaries. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayoyin cuta suna ɓoye wani abu na musamman wanda ba ya ƙyale shuka ya sha iskar oxygen kuma yana hana tsarin photosynthesis.
Kuna iya yaƙi da wannan ƙwayar cuta tare da taimakon sinadarai, waɗanda aka ba da shawarar yin amfani da su kawai a lokuta masu tasowa. Daga cikin irin waɗannan kudade, musamman Aktara, Admiral da Bitoxibacillin sun bambanta. Kafin amfani da waɗannan samfuran, dole ne ku karanta umarnin a hankali, waɗanda galibi suna kan fakitin kai tsaye.
Hakanan zaka iya amfani da magungunan jama’a. Don haka, don yaƙar wannan ƙwayar cuta, mafita dangane da madara mai ƙarancin kitse, barkono mai zafi ko albasa cikakke ne.
Kuna iya yin alamar shafi wannan shafi
