Yadda za a stepson cucumbers?

Pasynkovanie wani muhimmin bangaren girma cucumbers ne. Wannan hanya tana ba da damar ba kawai don sanya daji ya zama mai sauƙi ba kuma ya sauƙaƙa kulawarsa, amma kuma yana tasiri sosai ga adadi da ingancin ‘ya’yan itatuwa da aka samu.

Bukatar hanya

Don ƙayyade buƙatar stepsoning, ya kamata mutum ya fahimci abin da, a gaba ɗaya, shine ainihin wannan tsari. Dangane da bayanin nazarin halittu, cucumbers suna da babban harbi guda ɗaya wanda ke gudana kai tsaye daga tushen. Yana da al’ada don kiran shi bulala, kuma, a matsayin mai mulkin, yawancin ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna girma akan shi. Wadanda mai tushe da ke gefen tsakiyar samfurin ana kiran su ‘yan uwa. Suna kama da suna girma daga “kirji” tsakanin babban harbi da ganye.

A tsawon lokaci, ƴaƴan ƴaƴan mata suna girma daidai gwargwado kamar babban lasha, amma ingancin amfanin gona da aka kafa akan su har yanzu yana ƙasa.

Hanyoyi na gefe suna samun abinci mai gina jiki ta hanyar babban tushe, ta haka ne suke ɗaukar waɗancan abubuwan gina jiki don haɓakar su waɗanda za a iya kaiwa ga samuwar cucumbers da kansu. Don haka, kawar da ‘ya’yan uwa yana ba ku damar jagorantar duk albarkatun zuwa babban aiki. Ana ɗaukar wannan hanya a matsayin wani ɓangare na samuwar shuka. Ya kamata a ambaci cewa ba koyaushe ake buƙata don tsunkule cucumbers ba. Misali, idan ba a lura da harbe-harbe sama da 2 a kan daji ba, to ba za su haifar da cutarwa da yawa ga al’ada ba.

Duk da haka, a wasu lokuta, hanya bai isa ba. Misali, wannan gaskiya ne ga kananan-size greenhouses da greenhouses, wanda sarari na ciki bai isa kawai don girma harbe. Har ila yau, shiga tsakani yana da mahimmanci a cikin yanayin shuke-shuke masu yawa, wanda zai iya zama kyakkyawan tushe don ci gaban cututtuka da aikin kwari. Bayan samuwar, babban mai tushe ya fara samun ƙarin haske da oxygen. Yana da ma’ana don aiwatar da tsinke a cikin lokuta inda ya zama dole don haɓaka yawan amfanin gona, cimma girbi da wuri, ko rage girman samfurin don sauƙaƙe kulawar sa.

Hanyoyin

Pasynkovanie da za’ayi a cikin manyan hanyoyi biyu. A cikin shari’ar farko, duk matakan da ba dole ba da ke fitowa daga sinuses ya kamata a cire su, farawa daga madaidaicin nodal na babban lash. A cikin na biyu, za a cire harbe na gefe daga axils na farkon ganye 5-6, sauran kuma a bar su, bayan haka kuma an kawar da ovaries a cikin ganyen 3-4 na farko. Zaɓin na biyu ya dace a cikin yanayin lokacin da aka sami isasshen nisa tsakanin kowane bushes, saboda yana ba ku damar ƙara su cikin faɗin. Na farko – yana da al’ada don zaɓar cucumbers da aka dasa da yawa, wanda, bayan aiki, fara farawa zuwa sama. A cikin lokuta biyu, waɗannan ‘ya’yan uwa suna ƙarƙashin cirewa, wanda tsawonsa bai wuce iyakokin 3-6 centimeters ba.

Ba shi da ma’ana a yi aiki yayin da suke kanana, kuma shiga tsakani da latti na iya cutar da dukan daji.

Shirye-shiryen tsinkewa

Don yanke ‘ya’yan kokwamba yadda ya kamata, yana da hikima a yi amfani da ɗaya daga cikin tsare-tsaren da ake da su.

A cikin bude ƙasa

Waɗancan nau’ikan da ke rayuwa cikin ‘yanci, ba tare da ɗaure a kan buɗe ƙasa ba, an yarda da su, gabaɗaya, ba stepson ba. Duk da haka, idan an kafa tsire-tsire a kan goyon baya, to, yana da kyau a samar da babban harbi daga gare ta, da kuma share sinuses daga matakai. Hakanan zaka iya cire ba duk ‘ya’yan uwa ba, amma barin ƙananan ƙananan waɗanda ba su ƙunshi nodes fiye da 6 ba – wannan hanya ta dace da hybrids ko nau’in pollinated da kwari. Kyakkyawan bayani shine a samar da dala mai jujjuya akan budadden ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, sinuses na 1st da 2nd ana share su daga ‘ya’yan uwa, kuma a cikin 3rd da 4th ana tsunkule su zuwa nau’i-nau’i. Duk matakan da suka biyo baya an yarda su kai tsayin santimita 40.

An ba da shawarar sanya nau’ikan pollinated da kansu akan goyan bayan triangular. A wannan yanayin, bayan hawan 30-40 santimita sama da matakin ƙasa, kuna buƙatar yanke duk ganye. Daga 40 zuwa 80 cm, an yanke ‘ya’yan uwa gaba daya, amma ganye da ovaries na babban tushe sun bar a cikin wani rabo na 1: 1. Tsayi daga 80 zuwa 120 cm yana buƙatar ceton 1 ovary da ganye riga a gefen harbe. Su kansu ‘ya’yan naman suna tsunkule, sun kai tsayin santimita 20. A tsawo na 120 zuwa 150 cm, gefen harbe sun riga sun riƙe 2-3 ovaries da 2-3 ganye, kuma tsunkule sauran. A ƙarshe, duk abin da ke sama ana kiyaye shi ba canzawa.

A cikin greenhouse

A cikin greenhouse ko greenhouse, ana amfani da tsarin datsa “kakan” sau da yawa, wanda ya dace da nau’in rassa masu yawa da ƙudan zuma ke lalata. Ya kamata ku fara da cire duk harbe da suka taso har zuwa ganye 4. Bayan haka, bayan jiran samuwar ganye 7-9, dole ne ku tsunkule babban tushe. A wannan mataki, al’ada ne don barin manyan harbe uku masu karfi, kuma cire sauran. A kan sauran ‘ya’yan da suka rage, an bar kullin 4, bayan haka dole ne a danne su. Domin tsarin “kakan” ya yi aiki da kyau, ya kamata kuma a sanya grid kusa da saukowa, tare da hanyoyin da za su iya yin rarrafe.

Biyan tsarin gargajiya na pinching a rufaffiyar ƙasa yana da sauƙi kuma mai araha. Tare da taimakonsa, zai yiwu a shirya parthenocarpic hybrids, kazalika da zabin sakamakon da aka pollinated da ƙudan zuma da reshe moderately. Mataki-mataki bin algorithm, yakamata ku fara aiki kawai lokacin da babban lasha ya kai santimita 50 kuma ya samar da ganyen 3-4 na farko. A wannan mataki, ya kamata a yanke dukkan matakai da rudiments na ovaries, amma ya kamata a bar rassan ganye.

Lokacin da tsayin kokwamba ya kai mita 1, lokaci yayi da za a cire ƙananan ganye, wanda aka riga an share shi daga harbe-harbe. A saman bulala a wannan lokacin, ovary ɗaya ya rage ga kowane sinus.

Tsayin shuka, daidai da mita daya da rabi, alama ce cewa kawai ganye 2 da ovaries biyu ya kamata a bar su a gefen harbe, kawar da duk sauran. A ƙarshe, an rage adadin kullin zuwa guda 3, kuma lokacin da daji ya kai mita 2, dole ne a dakatar da tsunkule ta hanyar jefa bulala a kan trellis, ko kuma ta hanyar tsuke shi.

Don girma nau’in parthenocarpic a kan trellis, an ƙirƙira “Laima Danish”. Wannan makirci yana buƙatar rarraba babban reshe zuwa sassa uku: na farko zai ƙunshi daga 1 zuwa 5 zanen gado, na biyu – daga 5 zuwa 9 zanen gado kuma, a ƙarshe, na uku – daga 9 zuwa 20 zanen gado. Na farko yana da ‘yanci daga komai: daga dukkan harbe-harbe, kuma daga ovaries. A na biyu, an yanke ƴaƴan uwa gaba ɗaya, kuma ana barin ovary ɗaya ga kowane kumburi. Abu mafi wahala shine tare da guntu na uku: daga 9 zuwa 14 ganye, ana adana ovaries 2 ga kowane sinus. A cikin sinus na 14, an cire ovaries, amma stepson ya kasance. A nan gaba, lokacin da zanen gado biyu suka fito a kai, za a buƙaci a danne shi.

Daga 15 zuwa 20 sinuses, ana aiwatar da aiki a cikin hanyar guda ɗaya, amma an riga an kiyaye 2 gajeriyar ‘ya’yan uwa, a tsakanin wanda akwai aƙalla kumburi. Stepson a cikin sinus na 20 ba ya taɓawa, amma yana tsinkewa yayin da ya kai ganyaye masu cikakken ƙarfi guda 8. Bayan kammala aikin, ana sanya babban bulala a kan trellis. Ana kirga ganye daga samansa, kuma an ƙaddara na biyu. A stepson, fitowa daga sinus, ba ya taba har sai samuwar 5 ganye, sa’an nan pinches. Ana ba da izinin ci gaba da lashes don samar da ‘ya’yan uwa uku na mataki na biyu, wanda, bayan takarda na uku, ana cire ma’anar girma gaba ɗaya.

A ƙarshe, da A cikin greenhouse, ya dace don manne wa tsarin “Lash ɗaya”, wanda aka haɓaka don nau’in bouquet da beam parthenocarpic, amma bai dace da waɗannan nau’ikan da kwari ke lalata su ba. Har zuwa sinus na leaf na 4, an cire duk mai tushe na gefe da ovaries, kuma daga 4 zuwa 17, an yanke ‘ya’yan uwa, kuma ana kiyaye ovaries. Waɗancan hanyoyin da ke samuwa tsakanin sinuses na 18th da 20th an ƙulla su har zuwa zanen gado 2. Ana gyara lashen kokwamba a kan trellis, kuma samansa yana tsunkule lokacin da ya kai tsayin da ake buƙata.

Ya kamata a ambaci cewa a kan windowsill da baranda, al’adun ya kamata kuma a yi watsi da su, da sauri cire gashin gashin baki.

Bayan kulawa

Cucumbers da aka zaɓa don tsunkule suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Zai fi kyau a shayar da bushes ɗin da aka gyara kawai da ruwan da ake ɗauka daga tafki ko kogi. Wannan nau’in ya ƙunshi ƙaramin adadin gishiri, wanda ke shafar tsire-tsire mara kyau. Idan har yanzu kuna amfani da ruwan famfo, to kuna buƙatar bar shi ya daidaita – tattara shi da maraice kuma ku bar shi har zuwa safiya. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci cewa ruwan ba sanyi ba ne, yayin da danshi na kankara yana cutar da tushen cucumbers, sakamakon abin da ci gaban al’adun ya ragu, kuma halayen ɗanɗano na ‘ya’yan itacen sun lalace.

Ba lallai ba ne don zafi da ruwa mai karfi – ya isa ya bar shi dumi ta yanayi na tsawon sa’o’i da yawa, sanya shi a cikin rana, sanya shi a cikin greenhouse ko kawo shi cikin gidan. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki an gane shi azaman wanda baya wuce iyakokin tazarar digiri na 18-20. Ruwa mai zafi sosai kuma zai yi mummunan tasiri ga yanayin cucumbers. Zai zama daidai don shayar da tsire-tsire bayan dasa shuki da safe – don haka ruwan zai zama digiri da yawa fiye da ƙasa.

Lokacin da samuwar ovaries ya tsaya a bushes, wanda yawanci yakan faru a rabi na biyu na lokacin rani, za su buƙaci ciyar da su. Yawancin lambu sun fi son girke-girke na jama’a wanda ke buƙatar sharar kifin kifi a cikin ruwa tare da rabo na 1: 2. An bar cakuda a cikin duhu da dumi har sai kumfa ya bayyana, sa’an nan kuma an ƙara shi da ash domin an zuba gilashin foda a kowace lita. . Jet na cakuda da aka samu yana jagorantar a ƙarƙashin tushen, bayan haka zaka iya ci gaba zuwa pinching. Don kada ɓangarorin naman gwari su shiga cikin raunin tushen, ana iya fesa shi da Oxychum mai ɗauke da jan ƙarfe. Af, bayan hanya, zai zama da amfani don cire busassun ganye, lalacewa ko cututtuka.

Ya kamata a sassauta ƙasa a kusa da bushes kokwamba akai-akai, musamman a ranakun zafi, lokacin da busasshiyar ƙasa ta juya da sauri ta zama ɓawon burodi wanda baya barin iskar oxygen wucewa. Hakanan mahimmanci shine kawar da ciyawar da ke hana amfanin gonakin abinci mai gina jiki. Mataki, wanda shine hanya mai wahala, yana da kyau tare da suturar kayan amfanin gona.