Kiwo aladu a gida don masu farawa

A yau, a kusan dukkanin sassan kasarmu, gidaje da gonaki da yawa suna tsunduma cikin kiwon alade. Abu ne mai sauqi qwarai don bayyana irin shaharar wadannan dabbobi. Shortan kitso yana ba ku damar samun nama da kitse akai-akai a cikin adadi mai yawa. Alade suna da kyau don sake yin amfani da ragowar abinci. Kuma kiwo a lokacin rani zai rage tsadar abinci sosai. Duk da haka, kiwo na alade kuma yana da nau’i-nau’i iri-iri waɗanda ke buƙatar la’akari da su.

Kiwon gida na aladu

Shin yana da fa’ida don kiyaye aladu?

Noman alade a gida na iya kawo fa’idodi na gaske. Mai ƙwazo zai iya ɗaukar wannan ainihin ƙananan kasuwancin kai tsaye a ƙasarsa ba tare da saka hannun jari mai yawa ba a farkon.

Tare da ingantaccen tsari, zaku iya kafa samar da nama da kiyaye shuka da yawa don siyar da dabbobi masu zuwa. An fi tabbatar da ingancin kiwon waɗannan dabbobi ta lambobi:

• yawan kayan masarufi yana girma cikin sauri, ɗan shekara ɗaya yana kan matsakaita sau 140 fiye da ɗan alade.
• nauyin gawar da aka sarrafa shine 85% na nauyin rayuwa (don kwatanta, a cikin shanu wannan adadi bai wuce 60%);
• Farrowing ɗaya na shuka yana ba da ‘ya’ya 14;
• aladu suna da ƙimar shayar abinci mai kyau, ya kai 30% (matsakaicin ga sauran dabbobi bai wuce 20%) ba.

Hybridization a cikin kiwo na alade a yau yana ba da damar nau’in alade masu kiwo waɗanda ke riƙe duk kaddarorin masu amfani na ƙetare nau’ikan. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a kula da zabin aladu. Tabbas hakan zai shafi kudin shigar da dabbobi za su kawo nan gaba.

Don samar wa dangin ku nama da man alade, a farkon bazara ya isa ku sayi alade biyu kuma ku ba su ƙaramin paddock. A lokacin rani, aladu suna girma musamman da sauri. Abincin dabbobi na iya haɗawa da kowane rago na asalin shuka. Don guje wa cututtukan da ba a so, duk irin wannan abincin dole ne a yi maganin zafi.

Biyu Vietnamese piglets

Kusa da hunturu, watanni biyu kafin a yanka, aladu ya kamata ya kara yawan abincin gina jiki. Wannan zai ba ku damar haɓaka wasu ƙarin fam da sauri. Don haka, kiwo aladu a gida don novice manoma zai zama hanya mara tsada don shirya nama a duk shekara. Sai dai idan ba shakka ba ku yi la’akari da aikin da ke tattare da kula da dabbobi ba.

Yadda za a zabi mafi kyawun nau’in aladu?

Kalmar “mafi kyau” lokacin zabar nau’in alade wani nau’i ne na sharadi. Zaɓin kowane nau’in nau’in waɗannan dabbobin an gudanar da shi don kiwo na gaba a wasu yanayi na yanayi. Bugu da ƙari, kafin sayen farko na piglets, ya kamata ku fahimci dalilin da yasa kuka yanke shawarar fara kiwo alade, wane samfurin kuke so ku samu a ƙarshe.

A al’ada, daidai da yawan aiki da halayen tattalin arziki na duk aladu, ana iya raba su zuwa manyan kungiyoyi uku:

1. Nama. Babban farin farin da sauran nau’ikan da aka bered daga gare ta: Yukren White Steppe, White White, Farin Lithuania, Siberian Arewa da sauransu. Wadannan aladu suna bambanta da farin ulu, maimakon manyan, yawan tsoka yana rinjaye mai.
2. Naman alade. Wannan ya haɗa da irin waɗannan nau’ikan: Landars, Vietnamese, naman alade na Estoniya da sauransu. Suma wadannan aladun sun mamaye fararen launi, suna da doguwar jiki da kunnuwa. Naman alade da sirloin an haɓaka musamman. Waɗannan nau’ikan suna ba da matsakaicin adadin nama. Layer na sebaceous yana da bakin ciki sosai.
3. Salo-nama. Daga cikin nau’ikan da ke cikin wannan rukuni: Mirgorodskaya, North Caucasian, Black-da-White Belarusian da sauransu. Rigar baƙar fata ce ko baki-da-fari. Siffar irin waɗannan aladu ita ce ƙayyadaddun su da saurin kitse.

Girma manyan farin irin

A yau, a duk yankuna na ƙasarmu, noman manyan nau’in fararen fata ya yi nasara. Rashin fahimtar waɗannan aladu yana ba ku damar daidaita abinci zuwa naman alade ko nama. Shuka yawanci suna ba da mafi girma zuriya, kuma matasa dabbobi sun kai kilogiram 100 bayan watanni 6-7, suna ba da kulawa mai kyau.

Gina alade

Domin noman alade ya fara samun riba, yakamata a samar da dabbobi da yanayin rayuwa mai daɗi. Don haka, gina faffadan alade zai zama wajibi a cikin tsara gonar ku ta gaba.

Yankin ginin yana da sauƙin ƙididdigewa. Mutum daya da aka shuka don nama zai buƙaci murabba’in murabba’in mita 4. m. yanki, amma don shuka zai buƙaci 6 murabba’in mita. m. A cikin gida, mutum (na shuka da boars) da rukuni (na kitso) yawanci ana sanye da alƙalami. Yawanci, ana saita alƙalami a cikin layuka 2 ko 4 masu faɗin miyagu 1 ko 2.

Aladu suna son tono, don haka dole ne filin sito ya kasance mai ƙarfi. In ba haka ba, dabba na iya tono sauƙi. Kar ka manta game da ingancin ganuwar, aladu suna da ikon yin tauna ta hanyar kayan da ba a dogara ba.

Aladen ku yana da inganci idan:

• yuwuwar zubar da rufin ya ragu zuwa sifili;
• An ba da haske mai kyau na wucin gadi, kuma windows suna samuwa a tsawo na akalla mita 1,5 (wannan ya ƙunshi hasken rana kai tsaye da kuma mummunan tasirin ultraviolet radiation akan dabbobi);
• Ganuwar suna da ƙarfi sosai kuma ba batun daskarewa ba yayin lokacin sanyi (zazzabi a cikin pigsty bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da digiri 5 ba, kuma zazzabi mai daɗi ga dabbobi shine digiri 18-22, don shuka wannan alamar koyaushe yakamata ta kasance digiri 26-28). );
• bene yana da dumi, an rufe shi da alluna da gadoji, sanye take da gutters wanda ke tabbatar da ingancin kawar da kayan sharar dabbobi;
• dakin yana shakar iska akai-akai ko kuma a sanya na’urar ta iska ta wucin gadi a cikinsa (ya kamata a hana ruwa, wanda shine babban dalilin mura a cikin alade).

yankin Paddock

Wajibi ne don samar da yankin don tafiya. A nan ne dabbobin za su shafe mafi yawan lokutansu a lokacin bazara. Tafiya cikin iska mai daɗi yana haɓaka haɓakar tsoka, yana ƙarfafa garkuwar dabbobi, kuma yana rage saurin kamuwa da cututtukan cututtuka.

Sharuɗɗa don adana alade

Girman nauyi da kwanciyar hankali na piglet suna da tasiri sosai ta hanyar yanayin da ake ajiye shi, da kuma ingancin kulawa. Mai shi zai buƙaci bin wasu ƙa’idodi masu sauƙi kawai:

• Rigakafin kan lokaci akan erysipelas, annoba da sauran cututtuka masu mutuwa, da kuma abinci tare da daidaitaccen abun ciki na mahimman abubuwan ganowa da bitamin, zai samar da aladun ku da kyakkyawan rigakafi;
• zafin jiki na abun ciki bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da digiri 15 ba, yayin da mafi kyawun nuna alama yana cikin kewayon daga digiri 18 zuwa 22;
• ya kamata a shayar da sito akai-akai tare da kaho ko fanfo;
• kasan da ke cikin murjani ya kamata a yi shi da itace kuma yana da gangara ta yadda fitsari da ragowar ruwa suka fada cikin magudanar ruwa;
• za a ba da ƙarin ta’aziyya ta wurin kwanciya da aka yi da sawdust ko bambaro;
• disinfection na wurin yana samuwa ta hanyar wanke bango na yau da kullum;
• tsaftace alkalami, cire datti ya kamata a yi sau biyu a rana;
• alade ya kamata su ci abinci akai-akai, aƙalla sau biyu a rana: da safe da maraice;
• kananan dabbobi suna buƙatar iska mai kyau; don wannan, raba katako na katako tare da alfarwa ya kamata a sanye su a kan yankin don tafiya;
• alade za su buƙaci abin sha mai yawa, ana canza shi akai-akai, sau 2-3 a rana, a lokacin rani, ana zubar da dabbobin daji da ruwa mai sanyi.

Soya abinci

Babban fa’idar kiyaye aladu shine yawancin abincin da za’a iya haɗawa a cikin abincin yau da kullun na dabbobi yana iya girma a cikin lambun ku. Alade za su karɓi adadin da ake buƙata na bitamin da abubuwan gano abubuwa daga tsire-tsire masu zuwa:

Ciyar da sukari beets

• abinci mai gina jiki da sukari;
• karas;
• wake da wake;
• alfalfa;
• dankali.

Hakanan ya kamata ku kula da girbi nettles. Daga cikin abinci mai girma daji, wannan ciyawa shine mafi amfani ga aladu.

Abincin dabbobin yara ya ɗan bambanta da abincin da ake ba manya. Ya kamata a ciyar da ƙananan alade sau uku a rana. Mafi yawansu ya ƙunshi busassun amfanin gona. Har ila yau, daga cikin abubuwan da suka wajaba akwai alkama da aka niƙa, saman legumes da ƙwaya da aka ƙone da ruwan zãfi. Sakamakon taro dole ne a cika da whey.

Kowace rana, alade ɗaya ya kamata ya ci har zuwa kilogiram 3 na abinci. Har ila yau, ya kamata a hada 10 g na gishiri a cikin abincin dabbobi.

Ƙananan aladu suna cinye ruwa mai yawa – 4 lita kowace rana. Wannan har ya zarce ka’idar babban alade. Ya kamata a canza ruwa aƙalla sau biyu a rana. Wannan zai rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta da kuma yuwuwar ci gaban cututtukan cututtuka.

Idan an raba dabbobin bisa ga kasancewarsu ga wani rukunin shekaru, to tsarin abincin zai sami bambance-bambance masu zuwa:

1. Wata uku. Ana fara kitso tun daga wannan shekarun. Don tabbatar da samuwar aiki da ci gaban tsokoki, ana amfani da wake wake, ganyen kabeji, Boiled, grated karas azaman abinci. A lokacin rana, dabbar ta fara karbar abinci har zuwa kilogiram 4.
2. Wata bakwai. Akwai canje-canje a cikin adadin tsoka da mai. Mahimmanci yana raguwa da girma na dabba. Alade ɗaya ya rigaya yana buƙatar abinci har zuwa kilogiram 6 a rana. Boiled sugar ko fodder beets ana saka a cikin abinci. Abincin gishiri yau da kullun yanzu shine g 30.
3. Wata takwas. Shekarun da aka fara cin abinci mai cike da kitse. Abincin ya canza zuwa fifikon dafaffen masara, Peas, zucchini, sharar dafaffen mai mai da kabewa. Har ila yau, don samun kitse mai laushi mai laushi, dabbobi suna fara ba da ‘ya’yan itatuwa a cikin sabo da kuma tafasa. Kowace rana alade yana cinye kilogiram 7 na abinci da 40 g na gishiri.
4. Shekara daya. A wannan shekarun, rabon nama da mai ya kamata ya kasance a cikin rabo na 60:40, kuma nauyin ya kamata ya kai 250 kg. Alade mai shekara guda ya kamata ya cinye akalla kilogiram 8 na abinci kowace rana.

Magana. Wani lokaci, yayin kiyaye ka’idodin ciyarwa, ana samun ƙwayar tsoka a hankali. Dalili na iya zama rashin motsi na aladu. Wataƙila ya kamata ku kula da haɓaka yankin uXNUMXbuXNUMXbthe aviary.

Umarnin kulawa

Taƙaice duk abin da aka faɗa a sama, za mu iya ware jerin dokoki waɗanda suka wajaba don kula da aladu:

Yanayin da ya dace don kiyaye aladu

• ya kamata a kiyaye mafi kyawun zafin jiki a cikin sito (matasan dabbobi – daga digiri 18 zuwa 22, manya – daga digiri 12 zuwa 16);
• saka idanu zafi na iska, wannan adadi bai kamata ya wuce 85% ba, kuma alamar 70% zai zama mafi dadi;
• dampness da zayyana su ne manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da mura da raunana tsarin rigakafi na gaba;
• sau biyu a rana, dole ne a tsabtace alade daga taki da sauran tarkace, wannan zai rage yiwuwar yaduwar cututtuka da kamuwa da dabbobi tare da helminths;
• don samun nauyi da inganta kiwon lafiya, aladu suna buƙatar iska mai kyau, tabbatar da samar da aviary tare da yanki mafi kyau, ba tare da tafiya ba, ƙananan dabbobi suna girma a hankali kuma sau da yawa suna fama da rickets;
• tabbatar da yawan ruwa mai yawa da canjin ruwa na yau da kullum;
• bayan kowane abinci, dole ne a tsabtace masu ciyar da abinci daga tarkacen abinci, maganin lye na mako-mako yana da amfani;
• wata hanya ta wajibi kowane wata – disinsection da disinfection na dukan sito;
• kar ka manta game da kan lokaci alurar riga kafi na aladu.

Kammalawa

Alade wanda abun ciki ya dace da duk ma’auni masu mahimmanci suna rashin lafiya, suna ba da ƙarin zuriya, suna samun nauyin jiki mafi kyau, gabaɗaya sun fi aiki kuma suna ba wa mai shi kwanciyar hankali. Ba kome ba idan kuna kiwon aladu don amfanin kanku ko shirin kiwo garke duka. Don kare kanka daga asarar dabbobi da sauran matsaloli, yi ƙoƙarin samar da dabbobin rayuwa mafi dacewa.