Alade dabbar

Lokacin da ake kiwon aladu a gonaki, yawancin masu kiwo sun ƙulla wa kansu burin faɗaɗa garken su ta hanyar aurar da dabbobinsu, amma kaɗan ne kawai daga cikinsu ke fuskantar wannan matsala cikin gaskiya. Amma yadda ake aiwatar da mating na aladu kai tsaye yana shafar ingancin zuriya. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin irin wannan tsari, ya kamata a yi la’akari da wasu mahimman abubuwa.

Alade dabbar

Zaɓin biyu

Ɗaya daga cikin mabuɗin don samun lafiya da zuriya mai albarka shine zaɓin da ya dace na dabbobi don saduwa da juna. A cikin tsari na mating, ainihin halayen iyaye biyu suna canjawa wuri zuwa matasa. Saboda haka, lokacin zabar, ya kamata a yi la’akari da duk abubuwan da za a iya yi.

Mafi sau da yawa a cikin gonakin alade, ana amfani da nau’ikan zaɓi biyu na abokan tarayya don mating:

1. Daidaitawa. A wannan yanayin, ana zaɓar dabbobi masu kusan halaye iri ɗaya. A sakamakon haka, waɗannan halaye sun tabbata a fili a cikin zuriya, wanda daga baya za a yada zuwa ga al’ummomi na gaba.
2. iri-iri. Tare da wannan tsarin, zaɓin ya faɗi akan aladu, wanda ya bambanta da mahimmanci a cikin sigogi. Babban halaye na matasa dabbobi a cikin irin wannan halin da ake ciki sun fi wuya a hango ko hasashen. Amma a matsayin mai mulkin, ‘ya’yan da aka haifa suna da kyau a cikin yanayi daban-daban. Bugu da ƙari, tare da zaɓi na daban-daban, yana yiwuwa har zuwa wani matsayi don fitar da halayen mutum mai lalacewa a cikin al’ummomi masu zuwa.

Bugu da ƙari, yana da mahimmanci a yi la’akari da shekarun dabbobin da aka haifa a cikin tsarin zaɓin. Idan shuka har yanzu yana matashi, to, a gare ta kuna buƙatar zaɓar namiji a ƙarƙashin shekaru 5-6. Ga mata na matsakaicin shekaru, kowane boars ya dace.

Amma ga ƙarin takamaiman sigogi, ana la’akari da waɗannan abubuwan yayin zabar boar:

• adadin nasarar da namiji ya yi;
• yanayin jikinsa;
• jinsin alaƙa da ingancin zuriyar da aka haifa tun daga ƙarshe.

Bugu da ƙari, yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar madaidaicin girman boar. Idan ya yi girma sosai, zai iya cutar da mace cikin sauƙi.

Girman boar yana da mahimmanci

Lokacin zabar shuka, ana la’akari da sigogi masu zuwa:

• kafafu masu karfi;
• lebur baya;
• fadin kirji;
• nonuwa 12;
• daidai cizon muƙamuƙi.

Idan dabba ya riga ya kawo zuriya a baya, to ya kamata ku kuma la’akari:

• yanayi, nauyi da adadin jariran da aka haifa a ƙarshen farrowing;
• a wane shekaru aka fara farautar jima’i na farko;
• adadin alade masu tsira daga zuriyar dabbobi;
• ingancin lactation.

Muhimmanci! Hakanan yana da kyawawa don kula da mating na aladu na irin wannan nau’in. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi mutane don saduwa da juna a cikin shekaru 4 watanni. A wannan yanayin, mafi dacewa su ne alade, waɗanda aka bambanta da girman kiba da kwanciyar hankali.

Farautar alade

Aladu suna da mafi girman damar yin jima’i cikin nasara lokacin da suke cikin zafi. A wannan lokacin, mata suna yin ovulate, sakamakon abin da jiki ya shirya don yin ciki. Wannan lokacin bai wuce sa’o’i 72 ba. Mafi kyawun alamomin farkonsa sune kamar haka:

Rage cin abinci na alade

• Rage cin abinci da yawan zaɓe a abinci.
• Karar lokaci-lokaci akan abubuwan injin.
• halin rashin natsuwa. Dabbar ba za ta iya tsayawa ba, kullum tana gudu daga wannan kusurwar na’ura zuwa wancan, tana jujjuya mai ciyarwa, ta yi ƙoƙari ta ratsa ko karya ta bangon murjani. Lokacin tsayawa, alade yana lanƙwasa baya, kuma na ɗan lokaci yana tsayawa ba motsi.
• Alade na iya tsalle a kan sauran dabbobi. Bugu da ƙari, irin waɗannan yunƙurin ba kawai maza ba ne, har ma da mata.
• Mahimman ƙara yawan fitsari.
• Ƙaƙƙarfan gunaguni mai ɗorewa wanda kusan ba tsayawa.
• Al’aurar na iya yin ja da kumbura kadan.

Abubuwan da aka lissafa sun nuna cewa dabbobin suna shirye don haifuwa kuma ana iya aiwatar da mating. Amma yana da kyau a tuna cewa a cikin mutane masu kiba da yawa, alamun estrus ba su da fa’ida.

Matakin shiri

Ana shirya jima’i tun kafin dabbobi su kai ga balaga. Don haka, yara matasa, bayan sun kai watanni 4, ana raba su ta hanyar rarrabuwa ta jinsi. A lokaci guda, ba shinge mai ƙarfi ba yana aiki azaman iyaka, amma grid ko lattice wanda ba zai iyakance hulɗar gani ba.

Nan da nan kafin mating, wani matakin shiri daban ya fara. A farkon wannan lokacin, mahaifa, wanda aka shirya don haɓakawa, an canja shi zuwa wani busasshiyar bushe, haske da alkalami mai dumi ko kuma an raba shi da wani bangare daga sauran garken.

Ana sanya alade a cikin wani daki daban

Kulawar dabbar da aka keɓe ya kamata a ɗauke shi da mahimmanci don mace ta sami nau’in da ake buƙata don ɗaukar ciki, ciki da kula da zuriya. Don yin wannan, da farko, canza abincin dabba. A wannan yanayin, ciyarwa yana fuskantar canje-canje masu zuwa:

• an rage yawan abincin da ake ciyarwa idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun al’ada;
• Tushen abincin shine mai da hankali;
• ana kara kayan kiwo (madara ko madara) a abinci;
• yana da kyawawa don ƙara yawan abinci na yau da kullum tare da karin bitamin.

Wannan shiri ya kamata ya fara ‘yan makonni kafin lokacin da ake sa ran jima’i.

Hakanan ana samun canje-canje a cikin abinci na boars. Bugu da ƙari, abun da ke ciki da girma na ciyarwa, na yau da kullum da kuma tsawon lokacin tafiya kai tsaye ya dogara da aikinsa na jima’i. A matsakaita, a ƙarƙashin yanayin al’ada, namiji ɗaya yana haɓaka har zuwa mata 50. A cikin yanayin insemination na wucin gadi, wannan alamar na iya girma da sau 3-4. Don haka yana da matukar muhimmanci a samar da adadin ma’adanai da bitamin da sauran sinadarai masu gina jiki don dawo da karfin dabba, da kuma inganta ingancin maniyyinta.

Tsarin mating

Mating na aladu a cikin hunturu ana aiwatar da shi a cikin dakin dumi, bushe, wanda babu zane. Mafi kyawun wuri don wannan shine alade wanda aka tayar da namiji. A lokacin rani, ana iya aiwatar da mating a kan makiyaya mai buɗewa. A lokaci guda, yana da mahimmanci don hana duk wani tsangwama daga waje.

Don jima’i, ana kawo shuka zuwa boar kuma a bar shi kadai a cikin alkalami ko daki da aka rufe. Jimlar jimlar haɗin guda ɗaya shine daga mintuna 5 zuwa rabin sa’a. Amma, ya kamata a tuna cewa nasarar mating ya dogara da dalilai da dama. Saboda haka, don aminci, yana da kyau a sake shuka shuka. Don wannan, an sake haɗa dabbobin tare 10-12 hours bayan farkon mating. Zai fi sauƙi don barin dabbobi a cikin ɗaki na yau da kullum, inda mating yana faruwa sau da yawa.

Alade dabbar

Abubuwan da ke gaba zasu iya rinjayar aikin mating:

• Kasancewar mutum a wurin saduwa. Musamman idan waɗannan baƙi ne, sabon abu ga boar.
• Kasancewar wari da hayaniya da ba a sani ba. Alade dabbobi ne masu taurin kai, kuma duk wani abu mai ban haushi zai iya raba hankalinsu, yana rage sha’awar jima’i.
• Mating a wurin da ba a sani ba. A irin wannan yanayi, namiji zai fi mayar da hankali ga ci gaban sabon yanki, wanda kuma zai shafi aikinsa na jima’i.
• Ƙoƙarin hanzarta aiwatar da jima’i ta hanyar tsangwama daga waje. Yana da kyau a tuna cewa tsawon lokacin da zawarcin ya ɗauki, mafi kusantar cewa hadi zai yi nasara.

Idan mating bai kai ga ciki na mahaifa ba, ana maimaita hanya. Ana yin jima’i akai-akai bayan kwanaki 21, lokacin da dabbar ta sake fara farautar jima’i. Hakanan yana yiwuwa a ƙara yawan nasarar rufe mahaifa ta hanyar ma’amala ta hanyar ma’amala tare da maza 2-3 da aka zaɓa.

Wani lokaci ana iya gano raguwar sha’awar jima’i a cikin mata da suka riga sun shiga cikin jima’i. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata ku cire dabba daga alkalami ko ɗakin da boar yake, kuma ku bar shi kadai na ɗan lokaci. Idan sha’awar shuka ta dawo, za ta je paddock tare da namiji da kanta. A lokaci guda kuma, ana sake haɗa su tare kuma ana maimaita mating.

wucin gadi mating

A kan manyan gonaki, ana amfani da mating na wucin gadi sau da yawa. Lokacin da ake nomawa ta wannan hanyar, ba wai ita kanta boar ake kawowa gona ba, sai dai maniyyi da aka karbe masa. Wannan hanyar ta shahara saboda dalilai da yawa:

• yana yiwuwa a yi takin sarauniya masu yawa a lokaci guda kuma a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci;
• yiwuwar canja wurin cututtuka daban-daban an cire gaba daya;
• mating na wucin gadi daga namijin da ya dace yana faruwa tare da mata da yawa a lokaci daya, wanda ya ba kowannensu damar haifar da ‘ya’ya masu kyau.

Insemination na wucin gadi

Yaya za ku san idan an rufe alade?

Kuna iya koyo game da tasiri na mating a farkon mataki ta wasu siffofi na hali da canje-canje na mutum a cikin bayyanar dabbobi. Bugu da ƙari, yana yiwuwa a ƙayyade ko alade yana da ciki ba a baya fiye da kwanaki 18-20 bayan jima’i. Idan a wannan lokacin shuka bai nuna alamun estrus ba, to tabbas tana da ciki. Amma kuma kada ku ware yiwuwar yin ciki na ƙarya, alamun waje wanda ya ɓace a cikin watanni 2-3.

Amma ga sauran shaidun ciki na dabba, sun bayyana daga farkon wata na biyu bayan jima’i. Waɗannan alamomin sun haɗa da:

1. Ƙara yawan sha’awa.
2. Kiba mai sauri.
3. Rashin sha’awar jima’i.
4. Fitar da aka tattake daga al’aura.
5. Ciwon ciki.

Idan a cikin lokaci mai zuwa alade ya sake fara estrus, yana nufin cewa ciki bai faru ba. A wannan yanayin, ana bada shawara don sake haɗawa. kuma yana da kyau a dauki wani boar. Idan maimaita mating bai ba da sakamako ba, an ƙi mahaifa. Idan ƙoƙari na biyu ya yi nasara, ana bincika boar na farko don yiwuwar hadi.

A mafi yawan lokuta, dalilin rashin haihuwa a cikin aladu shine cin zarafi ga yanayin rayuwar dabbobi. A lokaci guda, manyan abubuwan da suka shafi aiwatar da aikin jima’i a cikin jinsin biyu na iya zama:

• ciyar da rashin daidaituwa, da kuma yawan abinci, haifar da kiba a cikin aladu;
• cututtuka na gabobin al’aura;
• rashin tafiya na yau da kullum na dabbobi a cikin iska mai dadi;
• saduwa da mutane da ke da alaƙa;
• karancin ingancin maniyyi a cikin maza.

Hankali! Lokacin yin cikakken ganewar asali, ya kamata ku yi hankali sosai. Wani lokaci mummunan sakamakon rufe mace shine kawai sakamakon kuskuren ƙaddarar alamunta na estrus.

Kammalawa

Yana da matukar wahala a yi la’akari da duk waɗannan maki yayin da ake kiwon aladu ba tare da ƙwarewar da ta dace ba. Bugu da ƙari, ingantaccen ka’idar, yana da kyawawa don samun tushe mai kyau. Amma sakaci da nuances na wannan tsari kuma ba shi da daraja. Bayan haka, kawai daidaitaccen tsari, shirye-shirye da aiwatar da mating na dabbobi za su ba ku damar samun mafi girma mai yiwuwa da inganci. Kuma fadada gonar alade tare da frisky, kuzari da lafiyayyen alade a nan gaba na iya kawo fa’idodin tattalin arziki ga mai kiwon.