Menene aladun herbivorous?

Duk mutumin da ya taba shiga cikin kiwo ya san cewa naman alade yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan kayan noma da kiba. Nauyin aladu na Turai ba su da fa’ida a cikin abinci. Babban abincinsu ya haɗa da ciyawa da ciyawa, da kuma amfanin gona. Na farko yana rinjayar girma da ingancin nama, na biyu yana taimakawa wajen samar da mai da mai.

Naman aladu herbivorous

Mutanen Turai na zamani suna ƙara damuwa game da lafiyar su, don haka ana tilasta masu masana’antun su nemi hanyoyin da za su rage yawan kitsen aladu. Rage raguwar rabon hatsi a cikin ciyarwa ba zaɓi bane. Irin wannan yanke shawara zai taimaka wajen raunana tsarin rigakafi na dabbobi, kuma ya sa nama ya fi karfi. Daga rashin abinci mai gina jiki, aladu za su yi rashin lafiya sau da yawa.

Godiya ga zaɓi na hanya don salon rayuwa mai kyau, aladu masu tsire-tsire ne waɗanda ke zama mafi shahara ba kawai a cikin nahiyar Turai ba, amma a duk faɗin duniya. Hakanan an taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan tsari ta hanyar hauhawar farashin mafi yawan amfanin gona da kuma annoba akai-akai tsakanin dabbobi.

Halaye

Kalmar “herbivores” a cikin sunan waɗannan aladu yana nuna cewa tushen abincin su (kimanin 80%) a lokacin rani shine forbs, kuma a cikin hunturu – hay da tushen amfanin gona. An rage yawan cin hatsi da waɗannan dabbobin ke yi. Wannan yana da tasiri mai kyau akan ingancin nama kuma yana samar da ƙananan kitsen mai – daga 1 zuwa 5 cm, dangane da nau’in nau’i.

Naman waɗannan dabbobi yana da halaye masu ɗanɗano, ana ɗaukar shi marbled, kuma dangane da abun ciki na cholesterol yana da mahimmanci ƙasa da nau’ikan nau’ikan Turai na yau da kullun.

A cikin lokacin dumi, kiwo mai zaman kanta yana yiwuwa tare da shinge na musamman. Dole ne a kula don tabbatar da cewa babu tsire-tsire masu guba a cikin makiyayan da aka ware.

A Turai, waɗannan nau’ikan sun bayyana ba da daɗewa ba kuma sun fara samun karɓuwa a tsakanin masu kiwon dabbobi. Masana ilimin halitta suna ci gaba da aiki don samun nau’in nama mai tsafta na aladu masu tsiro. Don haka, nau’in brazier a yau yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan alƙawarin.

Iri na herbivorous aladu

Nau’in iri-iri na herbivorous

Alade herbivorous a yau suna da iri da yawa. Wasu daga cikinsu yakamata a yi la’akari da su dalla-dalla.

Vietnamese

Alade na Vietnamese sun fito ne daga kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Wadannan dabbobi suna rayayye bred a Kanada, Ukraine, Romania da Hungary. Kwanan nan, masu shayarwa daga CIS sun nuna sha’awar wannan nau’in, musamman, gonakin dabbobi a Belarus da Rasha.

Jinsunan suna da sauƙin daidaitawa, jure sanyi na lokacin sanyi na Turai da Kanada da zafi, yanayin ɗanɗano daidai da kyau. Aladu na wannan nau’in suna da babban rigakafi kuma ba su da saurin kamuwa da cututtuka na yau da kullun na takwarorinsu na Turai.

Babban fasali sun haɗa da:

• shirye-shiryen haifuwa bayan 4 (ga mata) da 6 (ga maza) watanni;
• gestation yana daga 114 zuwa 117 kwanaki, matsakaicin zuriyar dabbobi yana da kimanin 12 piglets, yawan yawan amfanin gona na shuka guda ɗaya shine matsakaicin 24 piglets;
• nauyin haihuwa shine gram 600 ko 450 ga maza da mata, bi da bi;
• yawan adadin madarar nono, mata sun kasance marasa ƙarfi a duk tsawon lokacin ciyar da zuriya;
• tsawon rayuwar mutum yakan kai shekaru 18;
• a cikin kashi kashi, abincin shine 70-80% forbs, tushen amfanin gona da hay da 20-30% hatsi;
• tare da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki da aka zaɓa, ta hanyar watanni 7-8, aladu Vietnamese, a matsakaici, suna samun kusan kilogiram 80 na nauyi mai rai.

nau’in alade mai ciki na Vietnamese

Manya suna da ciyawar da ta miƙe ta bayan wuya daga wuya zuwa dunƙule. Tsawonsa zai iya kaiwa santimita 20. Maza suna girma dogon fangs – 10-15 cm a shekaru uku. Shuka da gilts ana bambanta su da babban ciki, sagging ciki.

Magana. Ƙarin wannan nau’in ana kiransa naman alade. Alade suna da tsumma, faffadan jiki da faffadan kirji.

Yaren Koriya

Alade herbivorous na Koriya yana kama da irin na Vietnamese dangane da halaye, abubuwan da ake so na abinci da haifuwa. A zahiri, kusan duk abin da aka bayar a cikin sashin da ya gabata ana iya danganta shi da irin wannan alade.

Babban mahimmancin fasalin alade na Koriya shine kasancewar manyan wrinkles a cikin balagagge. Ana iya ganin su da kyau a kan muzzle na dabba. Har ila yau, wannan nau’in yana da alaƙa da wani kunkuntar sashe na idanu.

Idan muka magana game da siffofin kiwo da yawan aiki, to, tare da m fattening, matsakaicin wakilin wannan nau’in a cikin shekaru 7-8 watanni zai iya samun har zuwa 120 kg na rayuwa nauyi. Ga takwarorinsu na Vietnamese, wannan adadi ya fi dacewa, kuma, kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, shine kawai 80 kg.

Brazier

An haifi aladu na Mangal ta hanyar kiwo sakamakon ƙetara wani nau’in daji na Yammacin Turai da Carpathian mangalitsa. Duk da cewa galibi ana rarraba wannan nau’in a matsayin fitattu, waɗannan dabbobin ba su da fa’ida wajen kulawa da ciyarwa, kuma ba su da saurin kamuwa da cututtuka.

An yi kuskuren ɗaukar nau’in brazier a matsayin dangi na alade mai ciki na Vietnamese saboda wasu kamanni na waje. A gaskiya ma, wannan nau’in nau’in nau’i ne na Turai, wanda aka haifa musamman don samun naman abinci.

Alade brazier

Babban fasali sun haɗa da:

• wakilan wannan nau’in sun kai ga balaga ta 5 (ga mata), 7 (na maza) watanni, don jima’i, ya kamata a zaɓi mutane waɗanda suka kai nauyin kilogiram 100;
• zai ɗauki daga kwanaki 116 zuwa 120 don haifuwa, yawanci daga 12 zuwa 16 alade ana haihuwar, a cikin shekara babban alade zai iya ba da farrowing 2;
• Matsakaicin nauyin ɗan jariri shine gram 400-500;
• Shuka suna da nutsuwa kuma suna kula da ‘ya’yansu da kansu, ana iya buƙatar taimakon ɗan adam kawai a cikin yanayi na ban mamaki;
• a karkashin yanayi na al’ada, braziers na iya rayuwa kusan shekaru 20, kuma matsakaicin nauyin su ya kai 300 kg;
• Abincin ciyawa ya mamaye ciyawa, foliage da rassan shrubs, tushen amfanin gona (har zuwa 80%), hatsi suna lissafin kusan kashi 20% na abinci mai gina jiki.

Saboda kasancewar ulu mai kauri, wannan nau’in aladu yana da tsayayya da sanyin sanyi na tsakiyar Turai. Don kauce wa mummunan sakamako a cikin pigsty, ya kamata a kiyaye yawan zafin jiki mai kyau koyaushe, kuma kada a sami zane.

Fa’idodi da rashin amfani

Fa’idodin kiwon aladu herbivorous a bayyane yake:

• high haifuwa rates (2 farrowings na akalla 12 piglets a kowace shekara);
• tsabta da daidaituwa har ma a lokacin ciyar da alade;
• bakin ciki m Layer, nama ƙunshi 5-7 sau kasa da cutarwa cholesterol fiye da talakawa Turai breeds;
• barga tsarin rigakafi, rigakafi ga mafi yawan annoba da cututtuka;
• da ikon haifuwa riga a farkon shekaru (5-7 watanni a 100 kg na rayuwa nauyi a cikin mace);
• karancin abinci.

Sirinrin kitse a cikin nama

Daga cikin ƴan rashin amfani akwai kamar haka:

• Rarith na asali da kuma masu alaƙa da tsada mai tsada na mutum ɗaya (dangane da jinsin, pig daya na iya biyan dalar Amurka 50-200);
• waɗannan dabbobi suna tsoron zayyana kuma ba sa jure sanyi;
• ƙananan adadin mai;
• zai fi dacewa kasancewar wurare masu matsakaici don kiwo.

Kammalawa

Kiwon dabbobi a yau yana ƙara mai da hankali kan samar da ƙarancin kalori, lafiyayye, nama mai gina jiki tare da ƙarancin abun ciki. Abin da ya sa dacewar kiwo na herbivorous aladu ya karu sosai. Bayan haka, waɗannan nau’ikan nama ne. Unpretentiousness a kiyayewa, high rigakafi, kishi rates na haifuwa da kuma rayuwa nauyi riba wani ƙarin hujja ne cewa a nan gaba kiwo na wadannan dabbobi za su sami karfi kawai.