Nau’i da fasaha na kitso aladu

Daga cikin sauran dabbobi, aladu suna ba ku damar samun nama da mai mai ban sha’awa a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Babban abu shine a ba su kulawar da ta dace da cikakken abinci mai daidaitacce. A yau, fasahar kitson alade yana ba da damar samun haɓakar nauyin rayuwar mutum ɗaya har zuwa kilogiram 100-120 a cikin watanni 6 kawai.

Fasahar kitso alade

Nau’in kitso aladu

Kitso aladu a gida iri-iri ne. Duk ya dogara da abin da samfurin kuke buƙatar samu a fitarwa. Har ila yau, zaɓi na hanyar kitso an ƙaddara ta hanyar nau’in dabbobi da kuma abun da ke ciki na tushen kayan abinci.

A yau, mai siye ya fi son nama mai laushi. Saboda haka, yawancin gonaki suna tsunduma cikin naman alade da kitsen nama. Duk da haka, ana kuma kiwo aladu don man alade.

Nama

Kitso nama a gida yakan fara ne daga wata uku. Wakilan kowane nau’i sun dace da irin wannan nau’in kitse, siffofin jiki kuma ba su taka rawa a nan ba. A sakamakon haka, dabba yawanci yana samun kilogiram 100-120 na nauyin rayuwa.

Fattening aladu ga nama yana da nau’i biyu:

1. Fattening tare da ƙananan ƙarfi. Yana buƙatar babban saka hannun jari na lokaci. A lokacin rana, nauyin nauyin yana da ƙananan. Matsakaicin nauyin rayuwa – ba fiye da 100 kg ba. Wannan zaɓin zai zama mafi kyawun bayani idan akwai adadi mai yawa na abinci mara tsada tare da ƙimar abinci mai ƙima.
2. Kitse mai ƙarfi. Yawancin gonaki na zamani ke amfani da su. Yana ba ku damar samun riba mai mahimmanci a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Yana ɗaukar kimanin watanni 4, yana ba da karuwa har zuwa 90 kg. A matsakaici, alade ɗaya yana samun kilogiram 0,65 na nauyi mai rai kowace rana.

Daidaitaccen kitson da ya dace yana ba da kitsen mai ba fiye da 3,5 cm lokacin farin ciki ba, naman yana da taushi da m. Don tabbatar da ingantaccen nauyin kiba, ya kamata a zaɓi nau’in alade mai tsabta. Hakanan ya dace su ne dabbobin matasa da aka samu ta hanyar ketare wakilan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan iri.

Aladu Landrace

Shuka na babban nau’in White White yana ba da ‘ya’ya masu kyau lokacin da aka haye shi da alade na Estoniya ko Landrace boars.

Muhimmanci! Yakamata a ajiye dabbobi a cikin yanayi mai daɗi (bushe da busasshen sito mai isasshiyar wuri) kuma a sami abinci mai kyau.

An raba ciyarwa zuwa manyan matakai guda biyu:

• shirye-shiryen, tsayi, ƙimar yau da kullun shine 0,5 kg;
• karshe, takaice, yau da kullum riba – 0,75 kg.

Yana da kyawawa cewa matakin shirye-shiryen ya faɗi a lokacin bazara-lokacin bazara. Abincin alade ya kamata ya hada da akalla 30% koren fodder. Yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da bambancin su:

• tushen amfanin gona (karas, fodder da gwoza sugar);
• gourds (kabewa);
• ganye da mai tushe na legumes.

Idan mataki na farko ya fadi a cikin hunturu, ana iya maye gurbin ganye da kayan lambu da kayan lambu tare da ciyawa da silage. Kunshe a cikin abinci da girbe a cikin kaka na tushen amfanin gona.

Don saurin girma da kwanciyar hankali, dabbobi dole ne su sami isasshen adadin furotin: aƙalla 0,115 kg kowace sashin abinci. Rashin furotin yana haifar da raguwar girma da farkon samuwar kitse mai kauri.

Abun da ya wajaba na abinci ya kamata ya zama ma’adinai, bitamin (bitamin A da D, kazalika da rukunin B) ƙazanta da amino acid (lysine, tryptophan, methionine).

Tare da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki na alade, sakamakon nauyin da aka samu zai fi rufe farashin ciyarwa.

A mataki na ƙarshe, abincin kitsen aladu bai kamata ya ƙunshi sharar kifin kifi da gari, bran, gero da soya ba. Waɗannan samfuran na iya yin illa ga ɗanɗanon nama.

Soja

Don samun samfurin inganci, ya kamata ku kuma bi ka’idodi masu zuwa:

• alade ya kamata su sami abinci sau biyu a rana;
• a wadata dabbobi da ruwa mai yawa;
• kiyaye kitso aladu a cikin ‘yan watannin nan ya ƙunshi ɗan gajeren lokacin tafiya;
• aladen ya kamata ya zama dumi, bushe, haske mai haske da shiru.

naman alade

Idan ya zama dole don samun nama tare da nau’in kitse na kitse, an zaɓi naman alade mai naman alade. An fi shan irin wannan naman. Piglets masu shekaru 2,5 watanni da nauyin kimanin kilo 25 sun dace.

Don samun naman alade mai inganci, abincin yau da kullun yakamata yayi kama da haka:

• kore fodder – 3 kg;
• baya da mayar da hankali abinci – 1.5 kg kowane;
• tushen amfanin gona ko kabewa – 2 kg;
• gishiri – 20 g;
• bitamin da ma’adanai na musamman.

Nauyin nauyi a matakin farko ya kamata ya zama 0,45 kg kowace rana, a cikin watanni 3 na ƙarshe wannan adadi ya kamata ya karu zuwa 0,5-0,6 kg.

Kitso don naman alade ya ƙunshi:

• a mataki na ƙarshe, cikakken keɓewa daga abincin waken soya, sharar kifi da bran;
• tafiya ta yau da kullun a lokacin rani da hunturu (yana ba da haɓakar ƙwayar tsoka da ƙarfafa kwarangwal kuma yana rage ƙarfin samuwar mai);
• abinci biyu a rana;
• wani abin da ya wajaba na abinci shine sha’ir (yana inganta dandano da ingancin nama da kitse mai yawa, yana rage tasirin abinci wanda ke lalata ingancin nama).

Zuwa yanayi mai kitse

Idan an tayar da aladu don man alade, yawan nauyin dabba zai iya kaiwa 200 kg tare da kusan 40% nama kawai.

Man alade

An zaɓi alade 100 don kitso. Abincinsu ya kamata ya ƙunshi abinci mai yawan carbohydrates. A ka’ida, wannan shine:

• dankali;
• masara;
• tushen amfanin gona iri-iri.

Kwayoyin masara da alkama suna aiki azaman ciyarwar da aka tattara. Kowace rana dabba ɗaya ya kamata ya karɓi kilogiram 3 na waɗannan samfuran. A mataki na ƙarshe, yana da kyau a ba da sha’ir aladu, wannan zai ƙara yawan inganci da dandano na mai.

A lokacin lokacin rani, za a tabbatar da karuwar yau da kullun na nauyin 1 kg idan dabbobin sun sami:

• 4 kg na kore fodder;
• 3.5 kilogiram na kabewa;
• 3 kilogiram na maida hankali;
• 50 g gishiri.

Idan kiyayewa da ciyar da dabbobi sun cika duk ka’idodin da ake buƙata, a ƙarshen ciyar da aladu suna ƙoƙarin nuna ƙaramin aiki. Jiki ya zama mai zagaye a kowane bangare, kuma kitsen mai ba ya ba ka damar jin kasusuwan kashin baya da haƙarƙari.

Abinci

Abincin alade dole ne ya haɗa da abinci mai zuwa:

• tushen amfanin gona da dankali;
• wake, sha’ir;
• garin nama da kashi da asalin kifi;
• juyawa.

Sha’ir ga aladu

Yana da mahimmanci cewa aladu sun karɓi adadin da ake buƙata na alli da sodium. Don yin wannan, ana ba da dabbobi alli da gishiri, da kuma nau’ikan premixes daban-daban dangane da ma’adanai.

A lokacin rani, dabbobi yakamata su sami isasshen adadin koren fodder. Akalla kashi 30% na adadin abinci.

Hankali! Idan an bai wa dabbobi tushen amfanin gona na musamman, koren abinci da sharar gida, za su sami yawa a hankali.

Don saurin girma na aladu, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da abinci mai gina jiki, nau’i-nau’i iri-iri da gaurayawan amfanin gona na hatsi. Duk da haka, a wannan yanayin, yawan adadin daskararru a cikin abincin zai kasance mai girma sosai. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci cewa dabbobin su sami damar samun ruwa mai tsafta da ruwa akai-akai.

Abubuwan kara kuzari

Daga cikin abubuwan haɓakar haɓakar da ake amfani da su yayin kitso na alade, akwai bitamin, nama, shirye-shiryen ma’adinai, da kuma maganin rigakafi. Yin amfani da waɗannan abubuwa yana inganta metabolism da narkewar abinci, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga karuwa a kullum. Har ila yau, waɗannan kwayoyi suna ba da ƙarin kariya daga ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, rage haɗarin matakai masu kumburi kuma suna da kaddarorin emulsifying.

Mafi yawa, wadannan additives wadãtar da abinci na matasa dabbobi, mutane tare da low rates na nauyi riba, kazalika da aladu da suka dawo kwanan nan daga cutar.

Alade yawanci suna karɓar jerin abubuwan ƙari masu zuwa:

• Amylosubtilin GZH. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya narke da kyau a cikin ruwa, yana ƙara yawan amfanin yau da kullum da 15%. An rage cin abinci da kashi 12%. Yana haɓaka mafi tsananin kitse.
• Etony. Nauyin nauyi har zuwa 8%, rage farashin abinci – har zuwa 7%. Kowace rana, ya kamata a ba da dabba ɗaya 0,5 MG na miyagun ƙwayoyi a kowace kilogiram 1 na nauyin jiki. Bayan yanka, ana samun kitse mai yawa da polyacids mai kitse da nama da yawa.
• Betazine. Abun yana da tasirin antithyroxine. Har ila yau, yana rage farashin abinci yayin da yake ƙara yawan nauyin jiki na yau da kullum.
• Azobacterin. Tushen abubuwan nitrogen da bitamin B12.
• Monosodium glutamate. Dabbobi suna narkar da abinci da kyau kuma suna ɗaukar abubuwan gano abubuwa masu amfani. Naman ya fito da dadi.
• Acids mai narkewa ruwa (citric, succinic, glutamic). Babban tasirin kuma shine don haɓaka haɓaka.

Daga cikin maganin rigakafi waɗanda ke haɓaka haɓakar nauyi mai rai, waɗanda aka ƙara zuwa ga abincin da aka haɗa da nau’ikan premixes daban-daban, zamu iya bambanta:

• cizo;
• penicillin;
• streptomycin;
• hygromycin;
• cormogrizin;
• biovit;
• flavomycin;
• domin.

Flavomycin

Magungunan rigakafi ba wai kawai suna iya samar da ƙarin girma na dabba ba, amma kuma suna ƙarfafa rigakafi da juriya ga cututtuka masu yaduwa. Wadannan kwayoyi sun fi tasiri idan aka yi amfani da su tare da bitamin premixes. Dabbobi ya kamata su karɓi allurai shawarar maganin rigakafi kawai. Wuce su zai iya cutar da dabbobinku.

Yin amfani da abubuwan haɓaka haɓaka yana ba ku damar adanawa akan siyan abinci. Hakanan yana rage lokacin da ake buƙata don alade don samun nauyin da ake so.

Fasahar kitso alade

Duk nau’ikan kitso sun dogara ne akan fasaha guda ɗaya, wanda ya haɗa da:

• zaɓi na mafi kyawun abun ciki na abinci;
• rabon kitso cikin matakai.

Don samun riba mai kyau na yau da kullun kuma a lokaci guda adana kuɗi, manyan gonaki galibi suna amfani da abinci mai gina jiki. Manoman ɗaya ɗaya kuma sun haɗa da babban adadin busassun gauraye a cikin abinci.

Dabbobi za su nuna saurin kiba idan:

• ana ba su kulawar da ta dace da kulawa;
• suna da abinci mai kyau;
• abincin yana daidaita daidai.

A mafi yawancin lokuta, ana amfani da zaɓin kitso mai faxin lokaci:

• a mataki na farko, dabbobin suna samun abinci mai gina jiki na yau da kullum wanda ya isa ga ci gaba da ci gaba, ana ba da tafiya ta yau da kullum;
• a mataki na biyu, ciyarwa ya zama mai tsanani, karuwar yau da kullum yana karuwa, ciyarwar da za ta iya haifar da mummunar tasiri ga dandano da ingancin nama da mai daga abincin, an hana dabbobi a cikin motsi.

Tsawon watanni 6

Saitin kilogiram 120 na nauyin rayuwa ta watanni 6 yana yiwuwa idan abun ciki da abinci na alade sun haɗa da duk abin da ake buƙata.

Mataki na farko na fattening yana nufin samun ci gaba mai kyau da kuma ci gaban ci gaba na piglet. A isassun adadi, ya kamata ya rika karba akai-akai:

• dawowa;
• gari na ganye;
• bran.

Kowace rana, dabbobin su kasance cikin iska mai kyau kuma suyi motsi. Don haka, yakamata ku haɗa wurin tafiya kusa da sito.

Wurin tafiya kusa da sito

A cikin watanni 5, alade suna fara kitse kamar yadda zai yiwu. Abincin abinci yana girma kowace rana. A wannan mataki, kuna buƙatar bin dokoki na asali guda biyu:

• babban makamashi darajar abinci;
• rage yawan motsa jiki zuwa mafi ƙarancin buƙata.

Hankali! Fat riba zai karu sosai idan abincin piglets ya hada da wadataccen abinci mai arziki a cikin carbohydrates.

Don tabbatar da ƙimar ƙimar da ake buƙata, kowace rana dole ne aladu su karɓi:

• ma’adinai Additives;
• maida hankali;
• bitamin admixtures.

Hanya mafi inganci

Mai himma yana son samun ci gaba mafi sauri a mafi ƙarancin farashi. A yau, mafi inganci ana ɗaukarsa kitso don nama ta amfani da busasshen abinci.

A cikin watanni 6, nauyin alade zai kasance daga 100 zuwa 120 kg idan yana cinye kimanin kilogiram 300-400 na abincin da aka haɗa a lokacin lokacin kitse. Idan tushen abinci a cikin abincin alade shine dankali, zai buƙaci fiye da 1 ton. A lokaci guda, 100 kg na nauyin nauyi za a iya samu kawai bayan watanni 9-11.

Kammalawa

Domin kiwon alade don kawo riba mai zaman kansa, yana da mahimmanci a bi ka’idodin kitso sosai. Ba kome don wane dalili kuke kiwon waɗannan dabbobi: naman alade, nama ko man alade. Domin samfuran ku su zama masu daɗi da inganci, kuyi ƙoƙarin kada ku adana abinci mai gina jiki kuma ku samar musu da matsakaicin kwanciyar hankali.