Ileitis na aladu

Porcine ileitis wani tsari ne na kumburi wanda ke shafar rufin hanji na ciki kuma yana haifar da rashin narkewar abinci, jinkirin samun nauyi da rage lafiyar dabbobi. Saboda rashin bayyanar cututtuka, wannan cuta ba ta da damuwa sosai ga ƙwararru, duk da haka, dole ne a tuna cewa ileitis yana daya daga cikin dalilan da ya fi dacewa don rage riba na samar da alade.

alade mara lafiya

Lokacin da dabbobi suka kamu da cutar, gidaje da gonaki suna lura da raguwa sosai a cikin alamomi:

• raguwa a cikin ƙimar girma da 10-30%;
• rage aminci da 5-10%;
• rage ingancin assimilation na gina jiki da kashi 10-20%.

NASIHA. Ileitis yana faruwa ne ta hanyar Lawsonia intracelluaris – ƙwayoyin cuta masu siffa gram-korau waɗanda ke shiga cikin sel kuma suna haɓaka rayayye, suna samar da ƙwayoyin cuta bayan kwanaki 7-14. A cikin yanayin waje, ƙwayoyin cuta na iya rayuwa har tsawon makonni 2 a yanayin zafi sama da 5 ° C.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da ileitis da siffofin cutar

Ileitis na aladu ana daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar feces na mara lafiya, wanda ya ƙunshi wakili na pathogenic. Da zarar a cikin jikin dabba, an shigar da ita a cikin sel na rufin ciki na hanji, wanda ke haifar da nakasu. Kwayoyin ƙananan hanji (da wuya su yi girma) suna rasa villi, wanda ke rage yawan sha. A wuraren haifuwa mai aiki na kwayoyin Lawsonia intracelluaris, ana lura da “tubercles” tare da tsarin kumburi akan hanji. Cutar tana da alaƙa da asarar sel ja da fari, kasancewar epithelium da ya shafa.

A cikin aikin dabbobi, akwai nau’ikan ileitis 4 daban-daban:

1. Adenopathy na hanji, wanda ke nunawa ta hanyar raguwa a cikin adadin haifuwa na sel na membranes na hanji.
2. Necrotizing enteritis, halin da m mutuwar sel a cikin hanji rufin, saboda abin da thickenings kafa a kan ta surface.
3. Kumburi na ƙarshen ƙananan hanji.
4. Hemorrhagic enteropathy, babban alamar abin da ke haifar da zubar jini mai yawa, tushen abin da ke cikin ƙananan hanji.

Na farko nau’i biyu na cutar ne na hali ga matasa daidai da girma. Hanyoyin ƙumburi a cikin ɓangaren ƙarshe na ƙananan hanji sun kasance na al’ada ga mutanen da ke yin la’akari daga 60 zuwa 90 kg, da kuma don gyara mutane. Wannan rukunin yana da mafi yawan mace-mace daga ciwon kai.

Ileitis tare da gudawa ya zama ruwan dare a cikin ƙananan alade waɗanda ba a yaye ba kuma suna da rashin rigakafi na hanji. Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin ‘yan shekarun nan, nau’in ciwon daji na yau da kullum ya zama tartsatsi.

Alamar raunin hanji a cikin ileitis

Alamomi da ganewar asali na ileitis

Alamomin cutar a cikin aladu sun dogara da nau’in cutar kuma galibi suna da laushi. Alal misali, adenopathy na hanji yana da alamun bayyanar cututtuka na kullum, wanda dabba ya dubi lafiya, kuma asarar yanayin yana faruwa a hankali. Wannan nau’i na ileitis yana da tsawon lokacin shiryawa – har zuwa makonni 6, kuma cutar na iya rufe mutane na kowane shekaru, farawa daga watanni 3-4.

Necrotizing enteritis, a matsayin wani nau’i na adenopathy na baya, yana da alamun bayyanar cututtuka:

• anemia, pallor;
• amai;
• duhun feces;
• lokacin nazarin pathoanatomical na mutumin da ya fadi, akwai adadi mai yawa na folds a kan rufin ciki na ƙananan hanji, thickening na ileum;
• ƙananan hanji ya rasa ikonsa na shimfiɗawa, saman ciki na membrane na hanji ya mutu.

Tare da irin wannan nau’i na ileitis, yawan mace-mace a cikin dabbobi ya kai kusan 6%. A lokacin kamuwa da cuta ta farko tare da kamuwa da cuta, kusan kashi 12% na aladu sun kamu da rashin lafiya.

MUHIMMI! Dabbobin aladu da aka dawo dasu tare da necrotic enteritis suna samun barga rigakafi kuma ba a sake kamuwa da su ba.

Hemorrhagic enteropathy na al’ada ne ga daidaikun mutane waɗanda ke zama a sabuwar gona har tsawon makonni 4 zuwa 6, da kuma bayan bazuwar har zuwa tsakiyar lokacin ciki. A cikin nau’in cutar na kullum, farfadowa yana faruwa bayan makonni 4-6, yayin da alade ya nuna raguwa a cikin yadda ake ciyar da abinci kuma yana ba da ƙananan riba.

Bincike ta PCR

Don ganewar asali na ileitis, ana amfani da hanyoyin PCR ko gwajin immunoperoxidase, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a gano pathogen a cikin najasa. Hakanan ana bincikar maganin jini don kasancewar takamaiman ƙwayoyin rigakafi ta amfani da immunoassay enzyme ko immunofluorescence.

Rigakafi da maganin ileitis

Saboda sarkar da ke tattare da gano cutar ileitis da kuma tazarar asymptomatic akai-akai, babban ma’auni don hana samuwar kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta shine tsarin tsari na tsari da na zootechnical, wanda ya hada da:

• yarda da duk ka’idodin zoohygienic na yanzu da ka’idodin zootechnical lokacin kiwo da ciyar da dabbobi;
• samuwar yanayin da ake bukata don haifuwa na aladu da kiwon dabbobin matasa;
• rigakafin miyagun ƙwayoyi na ileitis.

Makircin don rigakafin cututtukan fata a cikin dabbobi ya haɗa da yin amfani da magungunan antimicrobial daga jerin macrolide. Mafi sau da yawa, tylosin tartate microgranulate ana amfani dashi a cikin magungunan dabbobi, wanda aka ƙara don ciyarwa a cikin masana’antar kiwon aladu. Adadin maganin ya dogara da rukuni:

• shuka a mako guda kafin da kuma mako guda bayan farrowing – 100 g / t;
• matasa daga 6 zuwa 9 makonni bayan yaye – 100 g / t;
• aladu akan kiwon watanni 2-4 – 40 g / t;
• kitso aladu 20 g/t.

Gano kan lokaci na ileitis da matakan rigakafi da aka tsara ya sa ya yiwu a kara yawan nauyin dabbobi da kuma kawar da asarar samfurin saboda wannan cuta. Hanyoyin tattalin arziki na aiwatar da matakan warkewa da rigakafin ba su da kyau idan aka kwatanta da lalacewar da ileitis zai iya haifarwa lokacin da ake kiwon alade a cikin gida ko masana’antu.

Marubuci: Olga Samoilova