Mafi-mafi: mafi kyawun hybrids na cucumbers daga kamfanin noma “Gavrish”

Dukanmu muna son cucumbers don freshness, juiciness, crunchiness, ƙanshi da kyawawan kaddarorin pickling. Amma abu ɗaya ne don zaɓar ganye don salatin, kuma wani abu dabam – tsaba don dasa shuki. A nan, ba kawai dandano da launi suna da mahimmanci ba, har ma “caliber”, “haihuwa”, lokacin girma, fasali na fasahar aikin gona, juriya ga cututtuka da sauran sigogi. Mun kawo hankalin ku karamin-rating na kokwamba hybrids daga Gavrish noma kamfanin, wanda ya hada da kawai “mafi-mafi” – bisa ga daban-daban sigogi, daga girma zuwa yawan amfanin ƙasa.

1. Mafi kyau, ko Me yasa muke ƙaunar ‘Ƙarfafa F1’?

Yanzu muna da cucumbers a kan sayarwa duk shekara, zabin yana da girma har ma a cikin hunturu. Duk da haka, ku dubi wuraren sayar da kayan lambu: menene suke bayarwa? Anan akwai babban “rushewa”, akwai kayan lambu da yawa, gami da cucumbers. Akwai zaɓaɓɓen ganye a cikin kwalaye, kuma cucumbers na iri ɗaya an shimfiɗa su daban a cikin kyakkyawan zamewa. Me yasa suka rabu kuma sun fi tsada? – Saboda ‘ƙarfin hali F1’, mafi kyau a cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa, kwanciyar hankali da inganci, jigilar kaya da dadi.

Watsewar cucumbers na iri-iri ‘Ƙarfafa F1’. Hoton kamfanin noma “Gavrish”

‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari sun kasance masu kasuwa a cikin yanayi mara kyau daga kwanaki 3-4 zuwa mako gudakuma dandano da ƙanshi suna ba su damar yin gasa tare da cucumbers daga bude ƙasa.

‘Ƙarfafa F1’ ba manoma kaɗai ke son ba, har ma da mazaunan bazara a kusan duk yankuna na Rasha. Idan mai lambu yana da wahalar zaɓar nau’in iri ko matasan don dasa shuki, to a mafi yawan lokuta za a ba shi shawarar ‘Ƙarfafa F1’, saboda ba zai ƙyale ku ba. Kula da ayyukan noma masu sauƙi da ake samu ga kowane mazaunin bazara, zaku iya samun yawan amfanin ƙasa akai-akai. Bari mu kalli ‘Ƙarfafa F1’.

‘Jarumi F1’. Hoton kamfanin noma “Gavrish”

‘Ƙarfafa F1’ ɗaya ne daga cikin shahararrun matasan Gavrish. Wannan kokwamba ne don ƙasa mai kariya, tare da ovaries da yawa da aka kafa akan shuka (daga 5-8 zuwa 10-12 a cikin kumburi ɗaya, dangane da hasken). A cikin 2002, ‘Ƙarfafa F1’ an haɗa shi a cikin Rijistar Jiha na Nasarar Kiwo da Aka Amince don Amfani a Tarayyar Rasha.

Ga halinsa:

• Parthenocarpic matasan (pollinated kai), nau’in furen mace, precocious (‘ya’yan itace farawa a ranar 45-50th daga fitowar seedlings). high-samar riba.
• An yi niyya don noma a cikin glazed da fim greenhouses.
• Tsire-tsire suna da ƙarfi, matsakaici-reshe, tare da ingantaccen tsarin tushen tushen.
• An dage farawa harbe na gefe tare da dukan kara.
• Zelentsy 12-14 cm tsayi, yana yin la’akari 120-140 g, duhu kore tare da ratsi mai haske, sau da yawa tuberculate, fari-ƙaya, dace da sabo da amfani da canning. Genetically ba tare da haushiwato ‘ya’yan itatuwa da ganye ba su ƙunshi cucurbitacin ba.
• Daidai yana riƙe halayen kasuwanci, cucumbers tare da m ɓangaren litattafan almara, transportable. Waɗannan ‘ya’yan itatuwa ne aka fi buƙata a tsakanin mabukaci.
• Girbin ‘ya’yan itace na yau da kullun yana ba da gudummawa ga gaskiyar cewa yawancin ovaries sun fara girma kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa yana ƙaruwa.
• Ya bambanta high yawan aiki, don haka, yana buƙatar gabatarwar ƙara yawan takin mai magani. Yana jure wa yawan gishiri mai yawa a cikin ƙasa ko ƙasa.
• Mai juriya ga tonon zaitun da mildew na foda, mai ɗanɗano juriya ga mildew mai ƙasa da ruɓewar tushen.
• Ya bambanta a babban filastik filastik.
• Shekaru da yawa, yana da matukar buƙata a tsakanin mazauna rani, a cikin gonaki da gidajen gonaki. Jagoran tallace-tallace akai-akai a yankuna da yawa na Rasha.

Anan shine, ‘Ƙarfafa F1’ – matasan da ke da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Zaɓin shi don greenhouses, za ku iya tabbata: zai gode muku da karimci don kulawa da kulawa da kyau.

2. Mafi yawan adadin ovaries a cikin kumburi: ‘Emerald Earrings F1’ da ‘Crispy Bed F1’

A yau, cucumbers suna da sabon salo – shuke-shuke da bouquet tsari na ovaries. Irin wannan cucumbers suna da yawan abũbuwan amfãni a kan na yau da kullum. Amma akwai wasu nuances a cikin noman su.

Menene ake kira “bouquet” a cikin cucumbers? Yawancin lokaci a cikin nodes akan tsire-tsire kokwamba 1-2, har zuwa ovaries 3 suna samuwa. A cikin cucumbers tare da bouquet (beam) tsari na ovaries a cikin kowane kumburi, za su iya zama. daga 3-4 zuwa 8-10.

Me yasa cucumbers tare da “bouquets” suna da kyau? Wannan alama ce game da babban yuwuwar yawan amfanin ƙasa. Yana da ban sha’awa a lura cewa furanni a cikin bouquet suna yin fure a madadin tare da ƙaramin tazara (kwanaki 1-3), wani lokacin da yawa a cikin rana ɗaya. Idan akai la’akari da cewa shuka yana da nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan ci gaba, a tsakanin su akwai ƙaramin rata a lokacin furanni. A kan shuke-shuken kokwamba tare da nau’in furanni na furanni, har zuwa ‘ya’yan itatuwa 20-30 za a iya zuba a lokaci guda. Wato A fruiting daga cikin wadannan hybrids ne sosai m..

Kokwamba tare da bouquet (beam) tsari na ovaries. Hoton kamfanin noma “Gavrish”

Lokacin girma cucumbers tare da nau’in nau’in bouquet na tsarin ovary, kuna buƙatar tuna cewa babban yawan amfanin ƙasa ba garantin yawan amfanin ƙasa ba. Wannan yana nufin cewa ba mai girma mara iyaka ba, amma ana iya zubar da wani adadin ‘ya’yan itace a kan shuka a lokaci guda, wanda shuka zai iya ciyarwa. Kuma a nan yana buƙatar taimako:

1. Tsarin lokaci mai dacewa zai ba da damar shuka don rarraba ƙarfi yadda ya kamata kuma ya jagoranci su zuwa ga ‘ya’yan itace, kuma ba don haɓakar yawan adadin ciyayi ko fure ba da saitin ƙarin ovaries, wanda zai mutu ta wata hanya.
2. Tabbas, ya kamata kuma a ciyar da cucumbers bisa ga yawan adadin ‘ya’yan itatuwa.
3. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a tattara ganye akan lokaci. Ƙananan ƙananan cucumbers, yawancin za a iya girbe su daga shuka.

Amma mafi mashahuri hybrids na Gavrish kamfanin, wanda yana da daidai wannan ban mamaki dukiya:

‘Yan kunne Emerald F1’

‘Emerald Earrings F1’ – farkon, ‘ya’yan itace parthenocarpic matasan, mai ‘ya’ya duk lokacin rani.

• An tsara shi don girma a cikin greenhouses, a ƙarƙashin matsugunan fim na wucin gadi da a cikin buɗe ƙasa.
• Shuka yana da ƙarfi, matsakaici-reshe, nau’in furen mace.
• Kowane kumburi yana samar da kintsattse 8-10, m, koren cucumbers masu nauyi 100-110 g tare da tubercles masu matsakaici da farin balaga.
• ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da kyau ga salads da pickling.

‘Yan kunne Emerald F1’. Hoton kamfanin noma “Gavrish”

‘Crispy Bed F1’

‘Lambun Crispy F1’ yana da ƙima don ƙarami, mai ɗanɗano, kintsattse gherkins na dandano mai kyau, ba tare da haushi ba, tare da ɓangaren litattafan almara ba tare da komai ba, yin la’akari da 90-100 g.

• Parthenocarpic hybrid, farkon maturing, 10-12 ganye suna daure a kowane kulli.
• An yi niyya don noma a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa da kariya.
• Ya bambanta da wuri, yalwa da kuma dogon fruiting.
• Amfani da ‘ya’yan itatuwa duniya. Babban zaɓi don sunbathing.

‘Crispy Bed F1’. Hoton kamfanin noma “Gavrish”

3. Mafi ƙarancin kokwamba – ‘Lilliput F1’

Tuni daga sunan wannan kokwamba mai ban mamaki ya bayyana a fili cewa yana da ƙananan ƙananan, wato baya girma. Wani fasali na matasan shine samar da pickles da gherkins don shirye-shiryen abinci mai kyau na gwangwani, saboda rashin haushi a cikin cucumbers an ƙaddara ta kwayoyin halitta. Ana tattara pickles kowace rana, da gherkins – kowace rana. Abin sha’awa kar a makara tare da tsaftacewa da kuma samar da shi akai-akai, in ba haka ba cucumbers ba za su kasance masu kyau ba.

‘Lilliput F1’. Hoton kamfanin noma “Gavrish”

‘Lilliput F1’ yana nufin parthenocarpic cucumbers, galibi nau’in furannin mata, tare da nau’in bouquet na samuwar kwai, kuma a cikin kowane sinus na ganye suna samar da 7, ko ma guda 10. A yawancin cucumbers na bouquet, mafi yawan adadin ganyen da suka girma zuwa matsakaicin girman shine daga 2 zuwa 4 guda a cikin kumburi ɗaya. Ƙananan adadin hybrids na iya yin fariya na cucumbers 7-8 a cikin kumburi, kuma 10-12 kaɗan ne. Irin waɗannan hybrids suna buƙatar m bin duk matakan agrotechnical – ƙwararriyar suturar sutura, shayarwa, tsaftacewa yau da kullun, tsarawa. Wato, yana yiwuwa a sami duk cucumbers 10, amma a babban matakin agrotechnical.

Tabbas, yana da mahimmanci ga yanayin yanayi, wanda zai iya zama muhimmiyar mahimmanci a cikin ƙarancin amfanin gona – wannan gaskiya ne musamman lokacin da rashin haske a cikin tsawaita yanayin girgije.

Lokacin girma waɗannan cucumbers, kuna buƙatar kula da harbe-harbe na gefe, amma yin amfani da siffa mai sauƙi ne. Don inganta ciko na ovaries cire duk harbe-harbe a farkon girmato, fruiting yana ci gaba a kan babban tushe.

• An yi niyya don noma a ƙarƙashin matsugunan fim na wucin gadi da kuma a cikin buɗaɗɗen ƙasa.
• Zelentsy suna da duhu kore tare da ɗan ƙaramin mottling, cylindrical a siffar, 7-9 cm tsayi, yin la’akari 80-90 g, tare da matsakaici, sau da yawa akwai tubercles.
• Ana iya girbe cucumbers na farko a cikin kwanaki 38-40 bayan germination.
• Yawan amfanin matasan ‘Lilliput F1’ shine 10-11 kg a kowace m², wanda yake da yawa.

Kokwamba ‘Lilliput F1’ yana da kyawawan halaye masu yawa, gami da juriya ga mildew powdery, mildew downy, token zaitun da ruɓewar tushen. ‘Lilliput F1’ – karami, amma m!

4. Jagora a yawan ‘ya’yan itace – ‘Shchedryk F1’

Cucumber hybrid ‘Shchedryk F1’ shima ya sami suna ba kwatsam ba. Shi yawan ‘ya’yan itace. Lokacin da aka girma a cikin greenhouses da kuma ƙarƙashin mafaka na fim na ɗan lokaci, yana nuna yawan amfanin ƙasa – har zuwa 14-16 kg / m², a cikin ƙasa buɗe – har zuwa 10 kg / m².

Bugu da kari, ‘Shchedryk F1’ ya yi fice don yawan amfanin sa na farko. Lokacin dasa shuki a watan Mayu, riga a ƙarshen Yuni, zaku iya tattara ‘ya’yan itatuwa na farko, kuma ba ɗaya ko biyu ba, kamar sauran nau’ikan, amma cucumbers 6-7 kowace rana. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna da duhu kore tare da ratsi mai haske, sau da yawa tuberculate, 10-12 cm tsayi, ba tare da haushi ba, yana da kyau don pickling da pickling, da kuma shirya sabbin salads na rani.

‘Shchedryk F1’. Hoton kamfanin noma “Gavrish”

• An saita ‘ya’yan itatuwa a tsaye, kuma tun da matasan ‘Shchedryk F1’ parthenocarpic ne, pollination ba lallai ba ne don samuwar su.
• Don yin cucumbers musamman dadi, sau ɗaya a mako ya zama dole don ciyar da tsire-tsire. hadaddun takin mai narkewa tare da babban abun ciki na nitrogen da potassium.

An girma da kyau, lafiyayyen tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi sune mabuɗin girbi mai girma na gaba. Sabili da haka, a lokacin lokacin seedling, ana bada shawara don ciyar da tsire-tsire akalla sau biyu hadadden taki. Tun da kaka, kasar gona inda za a sanya cucumbers na gaba kakar, zai fi dacewa taki da ruɓaɓɓen taki a cikin adadin guga a kowace 1 m².

Ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman dace watering na shuke-shuke. Yana da kyawawa don shayar da su sau da yawa, amma a cikin ƙananan allurai. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa matasan ‘Shchedrik F1’ yana da tsarin tushe mai ƙarfi amma mai laushi: yana shayar da abinci mai gina jiki, ba ya son yawan takin mai magani – don haka akai-akai, amma ba a mayar da hankali ga miya ba da kuma shayarwa na yau da kullum.

Kuma wani yanayi mai mahimmanci – dumi, wurin rana.

‘Shchedryk F1’ yana cikin rukuni na hybrids tare da nau’in furen mace, wanda ke nufin cewa greenery yana samuwa daga kowace fure. Tabbatar da sunansa, matasan ‘Shchedryk F1’ suna samar da cucumbers 5-8 a kowane kumburi. Tsire-tsire yana da girma mai kyau da reshe, juriya ga manyan cututtuka (gaskiya da mildew downy, tushen rot).

Irina Vladimirovna Lipilina

dan takarar kimiyyar aikin gona,

masanin aikin gona Ƙungiyar kamfanoni “Gavrish”.