Chickpeas: yadda ake shuka su

A sakamakon ci gaban da ake samu na cin ganyayyaki, chickpeas yana kula da kowane irin dandano da nau’ikan abinci, musamman masu neman sabbin hanyoyin samar da sunadaran shuka.

Kasuwancin mabukaci yana canzawa, kamar yadda yanayin cin abinci yake. A Brazil, wannan ba shi da bambanci. Don haka ne ma neman noman hatsi ya karu sosai, kamar yadda ake noman kajin.

Yana da wadata a cikin sunadarai kuma yana da kyakkyawar daidaitawa a cikin yanayin Brazil. Duk da haka, ba a samar da shi da isassun adadi don biyan bukatar gida.

Baya ga amfani da shi a cikin abincin dan Adam a matsayin hatsi, ana iya amfani da kaji a matsayin abinci da koren taki, wato shuka da yankan furanni da sanya shuka a cikin kasa domin a wadatar da shi da sinadarai, ta hanyar rubewa. na shuka taro.

Ta wannan ma’ana, mun shirya muku wannan labarin don ƙarin koyo game da noman chickpeas kuma wataƙila bincika wannan kasuwar mabukaci.

Amfanin chickpea

Chickpeas cikakken abinci ne, mai wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki kuma yana da fa’idodi masu yawa, duba wasu a ƙasa:

• Yana inganta aikin hanji;
• Yana sarrafa cholesterol;
• Yana ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi;
• abokin ciki;
• Yana taimakawa wajen haihuwa na namiji;
• Yana kiyaye satiety tsawon lokaci;
• Ƙarfafa ƙasusuwa;
• Yana hana anemia;
• Yana taimakawa wajen rigakafin cututtukan zuciya;
• Yana taimakawa wajen samun yawan tsoka.

Wace irin ƙasa ce ta dace don dasa chickpeas?

Tare da manufar ingantaccen ci gaban shuka, shawarar ita ce dasa shuki na kaji a cikin ƙasa tare da nau’in siliki-laka. Ba ya girma a cikin ƙasa mai cike da ruwa da gishiri sosai.

Dasa chickpeas yayi kama da masara, wato, tare da shuka ana aiwatar da shi cikin layi da tazarar kusan 40 cm da 50 cm tsakanin tsire-tsire.

Noman ya yi kama da na masara, wato tazarar santimita 40 da 50 a tsakanin kowace shuka, da jimillar tsiro dubu 150 zuwa 200 a kowace kadada. Yana da mahimmanci don nazarin ƙasa don tabbatar da buƙatar hadi.

A gaskiya ma, shawararmu ita ce samun damar labarinmu game da nazarin ƙasa, wanda ya bayyana yadda za a iya yin shi. Madaidaicin pH ya bambanta daga tsaka tsaki zuwa alkaline.

kyakkyawan yanayin yanayi

Chickpeas yana girma mafi kyau a cikin bushe, yanayi mai laushi. Mafi kyawun lokacin noma shine tsakanin ƙarshen bazara da farkon lokacin sanyi, bayan haka, a cikin wannan lokacin yanayin zafi yana canzawa tsakanin 25º da 30 ° C.

Shuka chickpeas

Zurfin shukar kajin ya kamata ya zama kusan 5 cm kuma tazarar ita ce 40 zuwa 50 cm, kamar yadda aka fada a baya. Tsirrai yawanci suna fitowa cikin kwanaki biyar zuwa shida bayan shuka.

Lokacin girma, kula da kwari da cututtuka

A cikin noma, yana da matukar muhimmanci a kiyaye filin daga tsire-tsire masu cin zarafi. Wannan ya kamata ya faru aƙalla a cikin kwanaki 40 na farko bayan dasa shuki, saboda ƙwarewar kajin ga gasar.

A cikin noman chickpeas, masu samarwa dole ne su mai da hankali sosai ga aikin weeds, tare da ƙasa ba tare da waɗannan kwari ba.

Hasali ma, idan aka yi la’akari da ciyawar ciyawa, akwai hanya xaya ta yadda za a yi maganin ciyawa a kan ciyawar da ke shafar kajin, wanda hakan ya sa al’adar ta yi matuqar wahala.

Babban cuta shine wuyan wuyansa da rot, wanda ya haifar da fungi Fusarium, Fusarium zonali e Sclerotium cututtuka. Kwarin da ya fi shafar wannan amfanin gona shi ne caterpillar. Heliothis yana da tasiri.

Da zarar an girbe an adana shi, yana da matukar muhimmanci a kula da ciyayi da asu.

Girbin kajin

Ana girbi kaji ne kwanaki 60 zuwa 70 bayan fure, musamman lokacin da wake ya balaga kuma tsiron ya bushe. Yana iya zama Semi-mechanized ko inji.

Za a iya girbe kajin da injina ko na injina na ƙarfe kuma ya kamata a yi shi da ƙarancin zafi.

Akwai karancin bayanai a hukumance kan noman kajin a kasar. Duk da haka, an kiyasta cewa samar da Brazilian yana da kusan tan dubu 3 zuwa 4 a kowace shekara.

Don haka, ya zama dole a shigo da, kowace shekara, adadi mai yawa na wannan legumes daga ƙasashe irin su Mexico da Argentina.

Gudanarwa

Saboda noman da aka yi kwanan nan a cikin ƙasar Brazil, babu ɗan bincike da bincike kan hanyoyin gudanarwa a cikin noman kajin.

Chickpeas har yanzu ba a samar da shi kaɗan a Brazil. Don haka, kasar na yin amfani da kayan da ake shigo da su daga waje domin biyan bukata.

A yanzu, nau’in kajin iri ɗaya ne kawai ake noman a Brazil, kabuli. Duk da haka, a kasuwannin waje ba a yarda da shi sosai.

A wajen ƙasar, nau’in da aka fi cinyewa shine nau’in desi. Don haka akwai ƙarancin bincike da haɓaka don saduwa da kasuwannin duniya.

Amfanin chickpea a Brazil

Da yake shi ne amfanin gona na baya-bayan nan a Brazil, Embrapa Vegetables da Cibiyar Nazarin Wake da Kaji (IBRAFE) ta Brazil sun gudanar da wani bincike da nufin sa ido kan halayen masu amfani da kajin Brazil.

Daga cikin masu amsa kusan 10, 85% sun amsa cewa sun riga sun cinye kajin. To, wata tambaya kuma ita ce abubuwan da suka hana waɗannan mutane farawa ko ƙara yawan cin kajin.

Manyan su ne farashin (34%) kuma rashin al’ada (27%). Duba:

Source: Embrapa.

Shin kuna son wannan labarin game da shuka chickpeas? Kuma yaya game da gwada wasu girke-girke na dafa abinci ta amfani da irin wannan nau’in madadin hatsi. Duba shi bidiyo:

Source: Karol Deliberate.

Af, samun damar labarinmu kuma ku koyi duk game da hatsi wanda kuma ke jan hankalin masu kera Brazil: dasa hatsi.