Tabbatar da haifuwar ƙasa na ɗaya daga cikin manyan matakan haɓaka aikin noma. Duk da haka, mafi girma kudi tare da takin mai magani ba koyaushe yana nufin haɓaka yawan aiki ba.
Bayan haka, manomi yana buƙatar sharuɗɗa don sanin mafi kyawun takin zamani, adadin da kuma inda zai shafa. Tare da wannan, yana yiwuwa a rage farashi tare da wannan muhimmin mahimmanci na noma na zamani.
A cikin wannan labarin, za mu nuna mahimmancin amfanin ƙasa don ƙara yawan amfanin gonar ku don haka samun riba mai yawa lokacin sayar da amfanin gona.
Menene amfanin ƙasa?
Ƙasa ita ce tushen tallafi na tsire-tsire a aikin gona. Kamar yadda akwai dabarun samar da abinci a cikin mahalli na hydroponic, ƙasa har yanzu ita ce babbar hanyar da tsire-tsire ke samar da zaruruwa, itace, tushen makamashi mai sabuntawa, kuma, galibi, abinci.
Haihuwar ƙasa yana ba da garantin mafi kyawun matakan sinadirai da ake samu don haɓaka tsiro, yana barin su mafi ƙarfi da lafiya, tare da juriya ga kwari.
Tsire-tsire suna girma kuma suna haɓaka idan suna da iska, ruwa, hasken rana da ƙasa mai albarka. Tabbas tare da waɗannan isassun yanayi, yana yiwuwa a ba da tabbacin samar da noma mai kyau.
A cewar daya daga cikin manyan kwararru a wannan yanki, Masanin Agronomist, Euripedes Malavolta (wanda ya buga littattafai 45 da labarai 850 a kan batun), haihuwa yana da alaƙa da ikon ƙasa don samar da abubuwan gina jiki ga tsire-tsire, wanda ke da mahimmanci a aikin noma na zamani.
Saboda haka, a ƙasa za mu fahimci yadda wannan haihuwa ke aiki. A haƙiƙa, ƙasa mai dausayi ita ce ke kula da shuke-shuke, tana adana ruwa kuma tana tace ƙazanta.
Shin amfanin ƙasa da yawan amfanin ƙasa suna ɗaya?
A da, mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa tsire-tsire suna buƙatar ruwa kawai don girma. Amma, bayan an yi nazari da yawa, an gane cewa duka ruwa, yanayi, zafin jiki, da kuma haihuwa su kansu abubuwa ne masu mahimmanci don samun babban aiki a aikin gona.
Tsarin ban ruwa kadai baya bada tabbacin samar da noma mai kyau. Ya dogara da wasu dalilai, kamar haɓakar ƙasa.
Ka yi tunanin mai samar da masara da ke noman masara a duk lokutan noma a wuri mai albarka. A cikin farko, yana da duk wani yanayi mai kyau da aka ambata a sama. A cikin girbi na biyu, an sami matsaloli tare da yanayin: ƙarancin ruwan sama, ban da ƙarancin radiation da zafin jiki.
Halin dabi’a shine don wannan amfanin gona na biyu ya gabatar da ƙarancin yawan aiki saboda shukar ba ta da sinadarai iri ɗaya da ake samu kamar yadda aka yi a farkon zagayowar samarwa.
Don haka, ƙasa mai albarka ba koyaushe za ta kasance mai albarka ba. Wajibi ne cewa yanayin gaba daya yana da kyau a duk lokacin noma. Wannan yana da mahimmanci a aikin noma.
Yadda ake gano amfanin ƙasa
Don sanin abin da za a iya samu na gina jiki a cikin ƙasa, ya zama dole don aiwatar da samfurin a wasu wurare na dukiya.
A haƙiƙa, dole ne a ayyana waɗannan maki bisa ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ka’idoji, kamar su hoto, yanayin yanayin ƙasa da gangare, don ba da damar bambance-bambancen da ke cikin tsayuwa su wakilci ta zahiri.
Don gano matakin haihuwa na ƙasar noma, ya zama dole a tattara samfuran da za a bincika a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje.
Ana iya yin tarin ƙasa da wasu kayan aiki mafi sauƙi, kamar auger, ko amfani da ainihin kayan aikin noma, watau takamaiman bincike don wannan aikin. Baya ga tattara samfurori, yana yiwuwa a auna matakin ƙaddamarwa da danshi.
Ƙwararren yadudduka suna rage yawan aiki, wato, suna hana tushen tsarin shuke-shuke daga zuwa zurfin zurfi. Kayan aiki kamar na ƙasa da harrows suna shirya ƙasa kuma suna jujjuya saman ƙasa da shimfidar ƙasa zuwa yanayin noma.
A’a bidiyo a kasa, Bi duk matakai don yin tarin samfurori masu kyau don auna yawan amfanin ƙasa. Muhimman matakan kiyayewa waɗanda ke ba da tabbacin ingancin sakamako na ƙarshe:
Source: Epagri Bidiyo.
Bayan tattarawa, ana aika samfuran zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje wanda zai bincikar haihuwa. Ana daukar wannan binciken na fasaha a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyawun saka hannun jari a aikin noma, saboda yana kawo tanadin ajiya a cikin amfani da takin mai magani da haɓaka, yana haifar da haɓakar aikin noma.
Farashin binciken ƙasa zai iya bambanta daga R$ 6,00 zuwa R$ 50,00, ya danganta da adadin hectare da nau’in bincike da ake buƙata. Idan aka kwatanta da fa’idodin da aka samar, wannan ƙimar tana cikin sauƙin narkewa a cikin farashin noma a cikin amfanin gona na farko.
Ana yin nazari iri biyu gabaɗaya:
- nazarin jiki: kayyade granulometry na yashi, silt da lãka juzu’i, danshi, porosity, yawa, da sauransu.
- Binciken sunadarai: yana ƙayyade acidity na ƙasa, macro da micronutrients, abun ciki na kwayoyin halitta da kuma aluminum jikewa.
A leaf bincike yana ba ku damar sanin abubuwan gina jiki da ke cikin shuke-shuke. Anyi wannan nau’in tare da manufar sanin rashi ko guba na wasu abubuwan gina jiki.
Samun wannan “x-ray” na kadarorin a hannu, manomi zai iya fahimtar bambancin haihuwa kuma ya bambanta wuraren da suka fi buƙatar liming da/ko hadi.
Binciken ƙasa a hannu: yanzu menene?
Masanin aikin gona ko kamfani na musamman dole ne ya fassara sakamakon binciken ƙasa wanda ƙwararrun dakin gwaje-gwajen ya yi. Ba abu ne mai wahala haka ba. Amma, yana buƙatar ilimin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru waɗanda za su ba da ingantattun shawarwari don tabbatar da haifuwar yankin dasawa a cikin aikin gona.
Abu na farko da za a bincika shine kasancewar acidity a kasa. Idan an sami babban adadin hydrogen a cikin samfurin, ya zama dole don yin gyara.
Fiye da kashi 70% na ƙasar noma yana da yawan acidity. Rashin acidity na ƙasa baya son ci gaban shuka, saboda yana shafar wadatar abubuwan gina jiki ga tsirrai.
Yin amfani da dutsen farar ƙasa yana ɗaya daga cikin dabarun da aka fi amfani da su don gyara acidity na ƙasa, inganta haɓakar ta. Hoto: Nova Candelária/RS.
Liming wata hanya ce mai sauƙi kuma mai tasiri wacce ke nufin haɓaka matakan alli da magnesium, tare da amfani da farar ƙasa, kawar da acidity. Koyaya, farar ƙasa yana buƙatar lokaci don yin aiki.
Sabili da haka, wasu masu samarwa sun zaɓi aikace-aikacen filler, saboda ma’adinai ne wanda ke daidaita wannan yanayin da sauri.
Dole ne a yi la’akari da kwayoyin halitta a cikin bincike. Haɓakawa a cikin matakan yana inganta haɓakar ƙasa, yana ba da fifiko ga kula da abubuwan gina jiki da ma’adinai na kwayoyin herbicide.
Yawan taki
Tare da gyaran ƙasa da kuma al’adun da za a yi amfani da su a yankin da aka bayyana, ma’aikacin ya ƙididdige adadin takin da ake bukata. Don haɓaka, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar macro e micronutrients mahimmanci. Kuma wuce gona da iri ko rashi na iya sa duk noman ba zai yiwu ba.
Os macronutrients Ana buƙatar mafi girma ta hanyar shuke-shuke: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium da sulfur. riga da micronutrients kamar manganese, sulfur, boron kadan ake bukata.
Nau’in takin da aka fi amfani da shi a cikin amfanin gona da ake nomawa a Brazil sune:
- Nitrogenated: urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate.
- Potassium: potassium nitrate, potassium chloride.
- Phosphates: super single, super triple, DAP, MAP.
- Na halitta: taki saniya, kaji zuriyar dabbobi, dutse kura, Organic takin.
Ka tuna da “4C sarrafa“wato amfani da takin zamani daidai gwargwado a cikin tushen damaA daidai lokacin tare da daidai kashi e daidai wurin.
Tare da ƙasa mai albarka, manomi zai sami babban damar samun ingantaccen aikin noma.
Kammalawa
Don haka kamar yadda muka nuna a wannan kasida, ko da farashin takin zamani ya bambanta da kowane girbi, domin ana sayar da shi a kan farashin dala, bai kamata manomi ya yi sakaci da amfani da kayayyakin da aka ambata a sama ba.
Wannan saboda suna ba da tabbacin amfanin ƙasa da yawan amfanin gona. Amma a lokaci guda, yin amfani da shi da hankali, tunani game da kiyaye muhalli.
Da yake magana game da ƙasa, ɗayan manyan “maƙiyan” noma shine zaizayar ƙasa. A wannan ma’anar, duba yadda wannan al’amari ya faru da kuma irin nau’ikan da ke akwai. Kyakkyawan karatu!
Kuna iya yin alamar shafi wannan shafi
