Avitaminosis a cikin yara

Vitamins suna da hannu a kusan dukkanin matakai na rayuwa, suna shafar samar da sababbin kwayoyin halitta, haɓaka hanyoyin tsaro na jiki. Idan avitaminosis a cikin aladu ya bayyana sosai ga ɗayansu, aikin duk sauran mahadi kuma yana rushewa. Kuma a wannan yanayin, ya zama dole a hanzarta ƙayyade rashi wanda za a iya gano rukunin bitamin na musamman a cikin jiki.

Avitaminosis a cikin yara

Hypovitaminosis da avitaminosis

Irin wannan beriberi za a iya ganowa a cikin aladu masu ciki, an bayyana alamun bayyanar cututtuka da magani daki-daki, wanda ke ba ka damar ganowa da sauri da magance matsalar. Har ila yau, rashin bitamin A na iya tasowa a cikin matasa dabbobi ko a cikin balagagge boars, wanda ake amfani da rayayye a cikin aikin kiwo.

Dalilai

Babban dalilin hypovitaminosis da avitaminosis A a cikin dabbobi shine abinci mara daidaituwa. Mafi sau da yawa ana iya gano su a lokuta inda babu isasshen abinci mai yawan carbohydrates a cikin abinci. A cikin alade, rashi yana tasowa ne sakamakon ciyar da madarar uwa, wanda kuma akwai karancin carotene a jiki.

Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da haɓakar beriberi a cikin aladu sun haɗa da:

• cututtuka na tsarin narkewa;
• cututtuka na hanta da kodan dabbobi;
• rashin tafiya na yau da kullum a cikin iska mai dadi;
• rashin hasken rana.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Vitamin A yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye sautin fatar dabbobi. Don haka, ƙarancinsa a cikin jiki yana bayyana ta waɗannan alamun asibiti:

• ci gaban dermatitis;
• baƙar fata da canje-canje a cikin tsarin bristles a cikin nau’ikan nau’ikan tare da layin gashi;
• fatar jiki ta rasa elasticity kuma ta bushe.

Hakanan, akan bangon waɗannan lokutan, matsaloli tare da idanu suna bayyana. Conjunctivitis, lacrimation, keratitis, da kuma kumburi tafiyar matakai na iya tasowa.

Conjunctivitis a cikin aladu

Har ila yau, wannan abu yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin aiki na tsarin juyayi. Don haka, ƙarancinsa mai ƙarfi yana tare da bayyanar juzu’i, gurguzu, da rashin daidaituwa. A cikin matasa, yawan haɓaka da haɓaka yana raguwa sosai. Ciwon huhu, rashin narkewar abinci yakan fara. Jiki ya fi saurin kamuwa da cututtuka.

Magani

Tare da ingantaccen ganewar asali don hypovitaminosis A, da farko, an inganta yanayin kiyayewa da ciyar da dabbobi. Don wannan, ana amfani da matakan masu zuwa:

• aiwatar da tsaftacewa na yau da kullun na wuraren;
• kula da yanayin motsa jiki na dabbobi (an shirya tafiya ko da a cikin hunturu);
• inganta rage cin abinci, tabbatar da kari shi da sabo ne karas da high quality-yankakken hay.

Daga cikin magungunan, ana amfani da man kifi sau da yawa. Ana gauraye shi cikin abincin dabbobi a adadin 50 ml a kowace kai. Hanyar magani shine kwanaki 10. A cikin lokuta masu tsanani musamman, ana ba da allurar bitamin A. Adadin maganin shine kamar haka:

• manya aladu – har zuwa raka’a dubu 200;
• matasa dabbobi – 40 dubu ED;
• shuka a lokacin daukar ciki har zuwa raka’a dubu 100.

Rigakafi

Rigakafin bayyanar beriberi carotene a cikin jiki ana aiwatar da shi ta hanyar ciyar da wannan abu zuwa aladu. Matsakaicin abincin yau da kullun na irin wannan kari ga babban abinci yakamata ya zama aƙalla 30-40 MG a kowace kilogiram 100 na nauyi.

Ciyarwar alade

Hypovitaminosis da avitaminosis B

Rashin bitamin B yana faruwa, a matsayin mai mulkin, a cikin aladu manya. Babban dalilin ci gabanta shine ƙarancin abun ciki na irin wannan abu a cikin abinci. Lamarin ya kara dagulewa saboda yanayin kiyaye dabbobin da ba su cika ka’idoji ba.

Alamun

Babban alamun hypovitaminosis B sun haɗa da:

• rage girman girma da haɓakar dabbobin matasa;
• take hakkin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a cikin jiki;
• anemia;
• lalacewar ingancin fata.

Bugu da ƙari, irin wannan rashi na bitamin yana tasiri sosai ga aikin tsarin juyayi, wanda ke nuna kanta a cikin rikice-rikice na daidaituwa, rikice-rikice. Har ila yau, ana iya gano dabbar gurguwar gabobi.

Magani

Aiwatar da maganin rashin lafiyar bitamin B a cikin jini, da farko, an canza abincin dabba. Dole ne ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa:

• sabo ne karas;
• ciyar da yisti;
• gurasar alkama;
• sabo ne ganye.

Hankali! Baya ga ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki, ana kuma wajabta wa aladu theanine ko cyanocobalamin. Ana amfani da magani na farko a cikin nau’in injections na subcutaneous. Ana amfani da na biyu ta hanyar hadawa da abinci.

Avitaminosis PP

Irin wannan rashi na bitamin, wanda ake kira pellagra, yana tasowa ne sakamakon irin wannan nau’in ciyar da dabba. Idan ana ciyar da aladu akai-akai iri ɗaya, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan abubuwan gina jiki, ƙarancin bitamin PP yana tasowa.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Alamun irin wannan cuta ana furtawa. Yana tare da:

Alamun avitaminosis PP

• baƙin ciki na gaba ɗaya da asarar ci;
• kumburi da mucous membranes na baka rami;
• cardiopalmus;
• gudawa;
• yawan amai;
• girgiza;
• “bakar harshe”.

Fatar kuma tana fama da rashin wannan bitamin. Suna haifar da gyambon ciki wanda ta hanyarsa wani kamuwa da cuta zai iya shiga cikin jiki.

Wannan nau’i na beriberi da sauri ya rage alade kuma a ƙarshe yakan haifar da mutuwar dabba. Don haka, ya kamata a dauki matakan kawar da cutar da wuri-wuri.

Kawarwa

Hanya mafi inganci don dawo da al’ada na bitamin PP a cikin jiki shine amfani da nicotinic acid. Ana ciyar da ita ga talikai a cikin nau’in allunan. A wannan yanayin, sashi shine 0.1 g da kai. Hakanan yana yiwuwa a aiwatar da allura tare da bayani na 1%, wanda aka gudanar a cikin ƙarar 1-3 ml sau uku a rana don kwanaki 14.

Yana ba da gudummawa ga farfadowa da haɓaka ka’idodin ganye, yisti fodder, silage a cikin abinci.

Hypovitaminosis da avitaminosis

A kan bangon hypovitaminosis C, scurvy yana tasowa da sauri a cikin dabbobi. Mafi sau da yawa, rashin ascorbic acid yana faruwa idan babu isasshen adadinsa a cikin abinci. Matsalolin narkewar abinci da cututtukan cututtuka daban-daban suma suna yin mummunan tasiri akan sha irin wannan abu a cikin jiki.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Tare da ci gaban scurvy a cikin halittu masu rai, bayyanar cututtuka na asibiti suna tasowa:

• raguwar girma da raunana kwarangwal a cikin alade;
• zub da jini;
• anemia;
• raguwa a cikin girma.

Hakanan, tare da hypovitaminosis C, matakin samar da collagen a cikin jiki yana raguwa sosai. Wannan, bi da bi, yana haifar da keta mutuncin ganuwar jini. A kan bangon wannan al’amari, ƙananan jini yana bayyana akan fata, da kuma cikin gabobin ciki.

Magani

Duk matakan warkewa, kamar a cikin yanayin sauran matsalolin irin wannan, shine don dawo da matakin ascorbic acid da sauri a cikin jiki. Don yin wannan, an shigar da shi a cikin jiki ta hanyar allurar intramuscular a cikin adadin 0,5 g kowace mutum.

Maido da matakin ascorbic acid a cikin jiki

Wani ƙarin tushen bitamin C ga aladu shine infusions na allurar Pine da furen daji. An shirya su bisa ga wannan girke-girke:

1. An murkushe alluran da aka shirya (ko furen daji) a hankali.
2. Sakamakon taro yana zubar da ruwan zafi a cikin adadin lita 10 na ruwa a kowace kilogiram 1 na albarkatun kasa.
3. An zubar da ruwa mai yawa a cikin akwati mai dacewa kuma ya tsaya na tsawon sa’o’i 5.
4. Ana ƙara jiko zuwa abinci don aladu a cikin adadin 7 ml na ruwa da 1 kg na nauyi.

Muhimmanci! Daban-daban bayyanar cututtuka na scurvy ko rikitarwa masu tasowa akan asalinsa ana bi da su daban-daban tare da magunguna masu dacewa da magungunan jama’a.

Hypovitaminosis da avitaminosis E

Rashin tocopherol yana rinjayar aikin jima’i na dabbobi. Bugu da kari, beriberi E take kaiwa zuwa rushewa da yawa na rayuwa tafiyar matakai da kuma rage kariya daga cell membranes daga oxidative tafiyar matakai, wanda take kaiwa zuwa su accelerated lalacewa.

Babban fasali

Abubuwan da ke nuna ƙarancin tocopherol a cikin jiki sun haɗa da:

• rage sha’awar jima’i a cikin boars;
• raguwar samar da iri;
• haɓakar rashin haihuwa a cikin shuka, wanda ke farawa a sakamakon lalata ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta;
• mutuwar tayin a cikin mahaifar mai ciki.

Yawancin karatu kuma sun nuna cewa hypovitaminosis E yana daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaban cututtukan ƙwayar tsoka a cikin aladu.

Magani

Ana sake cika ajiyar tocopherol a cikin jiki ta hanyar ƙara adadinsa a cikin abincin da ake amfani da shi. Don wannan, babban abincin yana cike da kifi da cin abinci na kashi, man kifi. Har ila yau, ana samun isasshen adadin irin wannan abu a cikin koren ciyawa daga makiyaya. Amma a wannan yanayin, yana da amfani kawai sabo ne, tun da adadin tocopherol a cikin busassun ganye da hay yana raguwa a hankali.

Bugu da ƙari, canza abun da ke cikin abincin, an tsara shirye-shirye daban-daban masu dauke da bitamin.

Hypovitaminosis da avitaminosis D

Babban dalilai na ci gaban wannan hypovitaminosis shine ciyarwa mara kyau da kuma keta dokokin kiyaye dabbobi. Abubuwan da ke faruwa tare da rickets (sakamakon rashin bitamin D) abubuwan sun haɗa da:

• m dampness a cikin pigsty;
• cunkoson abubuwan halittu masu rai;
• rashin tafiya na yau da kullum a cikin iska mai dadi;
• rashin hasken rana.

Rashin yanayin rayuwa ga aladu

Alamun

Rage matakin calciferols a cikin jiki da ci gaban rickets yawanci ana lura da su a cikin aladu matasa. Babban bayyanar wannan cuta sune:

• raguwa a cikin kullun yau da kullum a cikin piglets;
• zalunci ga jariri da raguwar ayyukansa na jiki;
• kwance a wuri guda don mafi yawan lokuta.

A hankali, shan kashi na kwarangwal na matasa yana bayyana. Ya ƙunshi a cikin lanƙwasa ƙugiya da gaɓoɓi. Haƙarƙari da ƙasusuwan kwanyar na iya faɗaɗa sosai. A sakamakon haka, wannan yana nunawa a cikin aikin motsa jiki na dabba. Da farko, motsinsa ya zama sabon abu, m. A nan gaba, jaririn yana motsawa kawai yana rarrafe kuma ba zai iya tashi zuwa ƙafafunsa ba.

Matakan likita

Ya kamata a yi maganin Rickets da wuri-wuri. Don yin wannan, nan da nan bayan gano shi, piglets suna ba da yanayi na musamman na tsarewa:

• ciyar da ke dauke da adadin calciferol, alli da phosphorus an shigar da su cikin abinci;
• idan har yanzu ana ciyar da matasa a kan colostrum na mahaifiyar, to, dole ne a ciyar da karin bitamin da ma’adanai zuwa shukar lactating;
• dabbobi marasa lafiya suna canjawa wuri zuwa wani ɗaki daban wanda suke da ƙarin sarari don motsa jiki;
• dabbobin da ke da ƙarancin abubuwan rukunin bitamin D sun fi yin tafiya a waje a ƙarƙashin hasken rana.

Bugu da ƙari ga abincin da ya dace, ana ba da aladu injections na bitamin D. Irin wannan shirye-shiryen ya ƙunshi bayani, ƙaddamar da abu mai aiki wanda yake da raka’a dubu 500 a kowace 1 ml na bayani. Ana ƙididdige adadin ta hanyar da ƙarar allurar ta ninka sau 30 fiye da ka’idar halitta na abu a cikin jiki.

Rigakafi

Ana aiwatar da rigakafin ci gaban rickets a cikin piglets ta hanyar matakai masu zuwa:

• kula da halittu masu rai a cikin fili, bushe da ɗakuna masu haske;
• yarda da wani tsari mai tsabta don tafiya matasa dabbobi a cikin iska mai kyau (a cikin hunturu, yawan tafiya yana karuwa, amma tsawon lokaci ya ragu sosai);
• inganta ciyarwa da gabatar da abinci mai arziki a cikin calciferols a cikin abinci.

Rashin daidaituwa na bitamin a jikin aladu na iya haifar da mummunar matsalolin lafiya har ma da mutuwar dabbobin gida. Shi ya sa yana da muhimmanci a bi ka’idodin ciyarwa da kiyaye irin waɗannan halittu masu rai.