Gyaran ƙasa yana da mahimmanci don kula da kyawawan halaye na jiki-sunadarai na ƙasar, don noma tsire-tsire masu lafiya da ingantaccen aikin su.
Koyaya, idan wannan aikin ba a yi shi daidai ba, ana iya samun sakamako dabam dabam. Maimakon ta ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar amfanin gona mai kyau, ƙasa na iya cutar da tsire-tsire, ta haifar da matsala a cikin noman su.
Tare da wannan a zuciyarmu, mun shirya wannan labarin don bayyana yadda za a gyara ƙasa daidai kuma, ta wannan hanyar, tabbatar da ma’auni na ƙasa da haɓaka yawan amfanin gonar ku.
Ci gaba da karantawa kuma bincika mafi kyawun ayyuka waɗanda ke nufin haɓaka ƙarin ƙimar samfuran ku!
Yaya ake gyaran ƙasa?
Gyaran ƙasa shine dabarar da muke amfani da ita kafin shuka don shirya ƙasa don karɓar iri.
Yana faruwa ta hanyar plastering da / ko liming, wanda ya ƙunshi amfani da abubuwan da ke ƙara yawan calcium da sulfur abun ciki, don samun ƙarin hulɗa da sha na gina jiki, daidaita abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa, tabbatar da kyakkyawan ci gaban tsire-tsire. .
Tare da shirye-shiryen ƙasa, kuma wajibi ne a yi liming don daidaita abubuwan gina jiki da abubuwa.
Bugu da ƙari, liming yana taimakawa wajen kula da halaye na jiki, yana hana, alal misali, leaching ƙasa, wato, wani tsari mai lalata wanda ke kawar da farfajiyar ƙasa kuma yana lalata ƙaddamar da abubuwan gina jiki a cikin ƙasa.
Lokacin yin wannan gyara mun fi yin amfani da farar ƙasa, wanda zai iya zama ɗanyen samfurin da aka samo kai tsaye daga dutsen farar ƙasa, da kuma daga wasu nau’ikan farar ƙasa guda huɗu:
Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban da ake amfani da su lokacin da ake aiwatar da liming, kamar na Embrapa da IAC (Instituto Agronômico). Ana iya amfani da wasu samfurori tare da dutsen farar ƙasa, dangane da bukatun kowane dukiya.
Menene fa’idar liming?
A Brazil, ƙasa tana da ƙarancin pH, wanda ke ƙara yawan acidity. Wannan sifa ta sinadarai ta sa bai dace da noma sosai ba, tunda ana samun muhimman abubuwan gina jiki, irin su potassium, nitrogen da phosphorus, a cikin ragi.
Sabili da haka, wajibi ne a yi gyare-gyare a cikin lokacin da aka riga aka dasa don daidaita kaddarorin ƙasa. Don haka, muna ba da garantin cewa ya dace da ci gaban tsire-tsire masu lafiya da inganci.
A ƙasa, mun bayyana mafi kyawun fa’idodin liming ƙasa, saboda yana da mahimmancin mataki na kowane amfanin gona.
Samar da abubuwan gina jiki ga tsirrai
Don samun tsire-tsire masu lafiya, ya zama dole su sami abinci mai gina jiki a cikin adadin da ya dace, wanda, kamar yadda muka bayyana, ba ya faruwa ta dabi’a a yawancin ƙasar Brazil.
Bayan haka, liming yana ƙara samar da abubuwa masu mahimmanci, kamar waɗanda aka ambata (potassium, phosphorus da nitrogen) da kuma samar da calcium, magnesium, ban da wasu musamman ga kowane nau’in amfanin gona.
Gyaran acidity na ƙasa
acidity na ƙasa yana haifar da babban taro na Al+3 da H+ ions. Sakamakon wannan siffa ta dabi’a, tsire-tsire sun yi tsayin daka.
Liming yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da aka fi amfani da su wajen gyaran ƙasa.
Duk da haka, ba lallai ba ne saboda rage pH, amma saboda yana nuna babban taro na aluminum. Gyaran acidity yana rage girman kasancewar wannan ƙarfe.
aluminum neutralization
Aluminum neutralization yana da mahimmanci saboda yana da guba ga tsire-tsire. Suna kasa haɓakawa ko samarwa kamar yadda ake tsammani lokacin da hankalinsu ya yi yawa. A wasu lokuta, akwai haɗarin ƙasa zama marar haihuwa.
Ci gaban tsire-tsire masu lafiya
Gyaran ƙasa yana haifar da ingantacciyar shuke-shuke ta hanyar neutralization na aluminum, samuwan abinci mai gina jiki da kuma saboda tarawar da aka samu.
A gaskiya ma, yana sa ƙasar ta fi dacewa, har ma da ci gaban tushen. Tsarin tushen da ya fi ƙarfin yana sauƙaƙe sha ruwa da abinci mai gina jiki, yana hana shukar tsirowa.
Yadda za a lissafta buƙatar liming?
Kaddarorin yankin shuka sun bambanta da yawa ba kawai tsakanin yankuna ko birane ba, har ma tsakanin kaddarorin makwabta. Wannan saboda shuka amfanin gona da ya gabata shima yana haifar da sauyi a cikin ƙasa.
Don haka, kowane mai samarwa yana buƙatar nazarin bukatun ƙasarsu kuma, ta haka, ƙididdige ƙididdiga.
Adadin dutsen farar ƙasa da za a shafa a ƙasa zai dogara ne akan nazarin sinadarai.
Duk yana farawa da tattara samfurin don nazarin sinadarai. Zai ƙayyade madaidaicin adadin farar ƙasa don yin gyaran ƙasa, da sauran halaye waɗanda ke buƙatar gyara kuma, sabili da haka, yin dasa shuki.
Don yin wannan lissafin kuna buƙatar wasu masu canji:
- Tushen saturation na ƙasa (V1);
- Jikilar da ake so, tsakanin 50 da 60% (v2);
- A CTC (ƙarfin musayar cation) a tsaka tsaki pH;
- 100/PRNT na farar ƙasa (f).
Za ku sami adadin ton da ake buƙata a kowace hectare don yin gyara. Yin wasa a cikin dabara, za mu sami tsari mai zuwa:
NC=[(V2-V1)xTxf/100[(V2-V1)xTxf/100
Lura cewa, ban da ƙimar da aka samu a cikin nazarin sinadarai na ƙasa, dole ne mu yi la’akari da PRNT (Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Jima’i na Neutralisation) na samfurin da aka zaɓa. Za ku sami samfurori tare da mafi girma ko ƙananan kaso tare da mai rarraba farar ƙasa.
Mafi girman kashi PRNT, saurin samfurin yana aiki akan ƙasa. Koyaya, lissafin buƙatun ku na liming zai nuna adadin farar ƙasa da ake buƙata kowace hekta kuma yakamata kuyi la’akari da wannan ƙimar kuma, ta wannan hanyar, san adadin samfurin. Tsarin da za a yi amfani da shi a wannan yanayin shine:
(t ha-1) x 100/PRNT
Game da farashi, don sanin wanda ya fi dacewa ga dukiyar ku, yana da ban sha’awa don yin lissafi ta amfani da ƙimar PRNT da farashin samfurin.
Tsarin yana da sauƙi, kawai kuna buƙatar raba farashin ta hanyar PRNT. An ninka darajar da aka samu ta hanyar 100. Samfurin da ke samun sakamako mai ƙananan shine wanda ke da mafi kyawun ƙimar riba.
A’a bidiyo a kasaduba yadda ake lissafin liming bisa ga kowane abinci tare da misali mai amfani:
Fonte: Daidaito kawai.
Kayayyakin da ake amfani da su wajen gyaran ƙasa
Yana da kyau a tuna cewa ba za a iya yin gyaran ƙasa ba ‘yan kwanaki kafin shuka. Wannan shi ne saboda, yayin da yake aiki, dutsen farar ƙasa yana sa ƙasa ta yi zafi, yana haifar da cutarwa ga shuka a lokacin. Don haka, liming ya kamata a yi aƙalla watanni uku kafin shuka.
Kamar yadda muka bayyana, akwai nau’o’in farar fata da za a iya shafa, amma kuma za ku iya samun lemun tsami da sauri da kuma ruwan lemun tsami, wanda ke rage acidity da samar da kayan abinci.
Gypsum na noma yana da mahimmanci lokacin da zurfin yadudduka na duniya, tsakanin 20 da 40 cm, suna da babban taro na aluminum.
Dutsen farar ƙasa da aka ajiye akan kadarorin karkara dole ne a shafa a ƙasa aƙalla watanni uku bayan shuka.
Basic karfe slag, wani da-samfurin na baƙin ƙarfe da kuma karfe masana’antu, kuma za a iya amfani da shi wajen gyaran ƙasa tun da yake yana da ma’adanai masu yawa kamar su phosphorus, manganese, zinc da sulfur, ban da baƙin ƙarfe, magnesium da silicon.
Duk waɗannan dabarun suna da mahimmanci don ku gyara ƙasa yadda ya kamata, ƙara yawan amfanin amfanin gonar ku.
A’a MF Rural za ku sami tallace-tallace tare da samfuran da ake buƙata don ragewa da kula da amfanin gonar ku a duk matakan samarwa.
Baya ga ƙasa, wani abin da ke tasiri sosai ga aikin noma shine yanayi. Karanta labarinmu kan tasirin yanayi kan noman noma a yanzu.
Kuna iya yin alamar shafi wannan shafi
