Idan kun yanke shawarar samun aladu, ya kamata ku tuna koyaushe cewa ciyar da aladu matasa, kamar kowane dabbar gida, yana da matukar tasiri ga lafiya, girma da ci gaban sassan. Jikin alade ba guga ba ne don sharar abinci, don haka kuna buƙatar kusanci tsarin abinci, ka’idoji, abinci, wanda, a sakamakon haka, ingancin samfurin ƙarshe ya dogara, wanda aka gudanar da aikin dogon lokaci. fita.
Ciyar da alade
Nau’in ciyarwa
Tun da aladu suna da ciki mai ɗaki ɗaya, yana da sauƙi a gare su su narkar da abinci mai mahimmanci, kuma abincin da ke cike da fiber yana narkewa a hankali. Matsayin jin daɗi na samfurin nama ya dogara gaba ɗaya akan ingancin abinci.
Don haka an rarraba duk abubuwan ciyarwa zuwa ƙungiyoyin sharadi guda 3:
- Ana ba da shawarar waɗannan ciyarwa idan kun shirya kiwo dabba don samar da kayan abinci masu inganci: ƙwaya fis, gero, sha’ir, hatsin rai, karas, beets, zucchini, dankali, ciyawa, gari na legumes, sharar gida na nama. Wannan abinci mai gina jiki yana ba ku damar yin kitsen aladu mai tasiri, tun da duk ciyarwar wannan rukuni na taimakawa wajen ci gaba da sauri, nama yana da dadi, kuma mai ya fi girma da hatsi.
- Waɗannan su ne ƙananan abinci masu dacewa da amfani: bran daga hatsin rai da alkama, masara, buckwheat. Abubuwan da suka halatta a cikin abincin alade bai wuce rabin yawan adadin abinci ba.
- Wadannan ciyarwar suna amsa mummunan sakamako ga sakamakon ƙarshe: hatsi, waken soya, cake.
Muhimmanci! Don kauce wa illa masu cutarwa, bayan alade ya kai nauyin kilogiram 60, an cire su daga abinci.
Ana daidaita abincin dabbobi watanni 2 kafin yanka. Ana maye gurbin samfuran rukuni na 3 da abinci na rukuni na 1st.
Abincin da aka haɗa don aladu ana ba da shi a cikin ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano ko busassun nau’i. Kafin amfani, ana wanke kayan amfanin gona da kayan lambu da kuma yin tururi, sannan a yanka ganyen sosai bayan an wanke.
Akwai nau’ikan abinci guda 3 don piglets:
- rigar (na al’ada a gida);
- ruwa;
- bushewa.
Jika
Zaɓin tattalin arziki. A cikin yanayin babban gonaki, yana da wahala sosai, ya dace da gida. Irin wannan abincin ya ƙunshi porridge da cakuda ganye, dafaffen dankali da kayan lambu. Yana da kyau a yi amfani da sharar abinci na ɗan adam, masara, man kifi, kek na sha’ir, alkama, bran. Ana shirya jita-jita a gaba.
Wajibi ne a cire abincin da aka lalace ko rabin-ci daga mai ciyarwa a kan lokaci. Amfanin wannan nau’in abinci shine cewa irin wannan abincin ya fi dacewa da abinci mai gina jiki na dabba kuma kusan dukkanin sinadarai za a iya girma a cikin gidan ku, wanda ke adana kuɗi mai mahimmanci, kuma ragi shine tsarin aiki mai ƙarfi na shirya hatsi da dusar ƙanƙara. dace da babban adadin dabbobi.
Nau’in ciyarwa rigar
Ruwa
Nau’in ciyarwa ya dogara ne akan shirye-shiryen ciyarwa kai tsaye na sirri. Tare da ciyar da ruwa, ana amfani da sharar abinci na ruwa (ba tare da sinadarai ba) da yogurt a cikin cakuda abinci. Nau’in ciyarwar ruwa yana da fa’ida ga masu kiwon alade waɗanda ke da ganye da abinci mai ɗanɗano a kan filayen nasu, da kuma isassun sharar abinci na ruwa.
bushewa
Zaɓin na musamman ne kuma ya dace da daidaikun mutane a kowane lokaci na rayuwarsu. Nau’in busassun ya ƙunshi yin amfani da shirye-shiryen da aka samu na gwaji waɗanda aka wadatar da abubuwa masu mahimmanci da bitamin. Irin wannan ciyar da dabbobi yana adana lokaci: kawai wajibi ne don tabbatar da kasancewar abubuwan haɓaka haɓakar abubuwa masu aiki na halitta (premixes) a cikin mai ciyarwa, da ruwa mai tsabta a cikin mai sha.
Muhimmanci! Idan ana ciyar da aladu busasshen abinci, dole ne su sami damar samun ruwa mai daɗi koyaushe.
Ga gidan, hanyar kuma ba ta da wahala kuma tana cin lokaci: kuna buƙatar niƙa hatsi a gaba, haxa su tare da sauran kayan abinci, ƙara premixes da yada ka’idodi ga dabbobi a cikin feeders.
Kowane hatsi yana da nasa darajar sinadirai, don haka ya kamata ku haɗa nau’in nau’in hatsi 2-3 a cikin rabon, wanda zai taimaka wajen sa abincin ya fi dacewa.
Ribobi:
- taki daga dabbobin da ke kan busassun abinci ba su da ƙanshi mai daɗi kuma ya dace don amfani a cikin lambun bayan watanni 12;
- aladu akan irin wannan abincin suna girma sosai kuma suna samun nauyi sosai;
- ceton dabbobi daga matsaloli tare da tsarin narkewa;
- babu lalacewa da acidification na ragowar abinci a cikin feeders;
- Wannan abincin yana samar da daidaitaccen abinci.
Yawan ciyarwa
Ana amfani da fasahar ciyar da Ad-libitum don ƙananan aladu kuma yana ba su damar ci a duk lokacin da suke so. Tare da irin wannan ciyarwa, ana tsabtace jita-jita daga abin da jariran ke ci sau 2 a mako daga ƙullun abincin da ya rage.
Abincin da aka saba
Daidaitaccen ciyarwa. Ana barin alade su ci sau da yawa a rana. Yawan abincin ya kamata ya ƙyale masu ciyarwa su kwashe sa’o’i 2 kafin a ba da sabon sashi. Ana amfani da irin wannan nau’in ciyarwa don girma dabbobin gida, shuka.
Ƙuntatawa – ana amfani da shi don kitsen alade lokacin da ake buƙatar nama maras kyau a sakamakon haka kuma don yin ciki na alade don hana kiba. Maganar ƙasa ita ce: a ba alade abinci kaɗan kaɗan fiye da yadda za su ci. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu a nan: ko dai yanke adadin abinci, ko rage abun ciki na kalori na abincin, yana bawa mutane roughage.
Akwai bambanci ba kawai a cikin hanyoyin ciyar da dabbobi ba, har ma a cikin tsarin tsarin abinci.
Muhimmanci! Yana da kyau a ba da abinci ga aladu a lokaci guda, kuma adadin abincin ya kamata ya bambanta dangane da shekarun dabbobi.
Dole ne a ciyar da aladu masu ciki tare da roughage kunshe a cikin abincin. Ciyarwa ɗaya a kowace rana ya isa.
Ana ciyar da shuka sau biyu a rana.
Piglets da aka ɗauka daga shuka suna buƙatar ciyar da aƙalla sau 3 a rana. Ana yin irin wannan tsarin mulki na alade masu kitso ko renon yara.
Abinci a cikin watanni daban-daban na rayuwa
A lokacin rani, ana buƙatar kiwo a cikin makiyaya don dabbobin gida. Ana bukatar a ba aladu da koren abinci, don haka idan ba za a yi kiwo ba, sai a kawo ciyawa a bakin alkalami. Dabbar tana son busasshiyar ciyawa, ciyawa, saman lambun. Mafi kyawun abinci shine peas, alfalfa, legumes, clover.
Ana ƙara kayan lambu da ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu tsami zuwa babban busasshen abinci. Alade suna cin ko da gawawwakin itatuwan ‘ya’yan itace. Lokacin hunturu ya wuce ba tare da sabo ba, don haka tushen ciyarwa shine nau’in abinci mai bushe: hay, cake, kwakwalwan gwoza.
Tushen abincin shine abinci mai da hankali (1.5 kg kowace mutum). Menu ya haɗa da silage, busassun biofeed da yisti.
Dry biofeed
Menene bai kamata a ciyar da alade ba?
Yi hankali lokacin ciyar da dabbobi tare da koren salads – wasu tsire-tsire sun ƙunshi abubuwa masu cutarwa waɗanda ke haifar da guba na alade na wata-wata (farin doki, spurge, caustic buttercup, black nightshade, kare faski).
A karkashin haramcin, abinci tare da bayyanar cututtuka na mold, fungal kamuwa da cuta ko gaban parasites (dole ne a lalata abinci).
A hankali a shirya (steam, bi da alkali) kek ɗin mai daga castor wake da auduga don ciyarwa, saboda suna ɗauke da alkaloid mai guba (gossypol).
Boiled beets kada a bar shi a cikin ruwan zafi na dogon lokaci, saboda yana iya haifar da guba.
Kada ku ba sprouted dankali – kana bukatar ka cire sprouts, da kuma jefar da kore tubers. Kada a sha ruwan da aka tafasa dankali a ciki.
Muhimmanci! An haramta: ‘ya’yan itatuwa citrus, ayaba, ganyen shayi, kofi, ganyen bay.
Kitso
Dabbobi masu shekaru daban-daban suna buƙatar ciyar da su daban.
Girma
A mataki daga watanni 2,5 zuwa 4, akwai haɓakar haɓakar ƙwayar tsoka, wanda ke buƙatar daidaitaccen abinci da yanayin da ya dace. Ana samar da ci gaba na ci gaban alade ta hanyar kauri mai gina jiki hatsi (oatmeal, fis, sha’ir), sharar dafa abinci, tsabtace kayan lambu da kayayyakin kiwo.
Dace oatmeal
Yara aladu kuma suna buƙatar abinci mai daɗi: dankali, karas, ciyawa, saman daga lambun. A cikin lokacin sanyi, rot, chaff, silage da kowane irin kayan lambu ana amfani dashi azaman ƙari akan sikelin biyu.
tsotsa aladu
Jarirai piglets a farkon kwanakin rayuwarsu suna iya narkewa kawai madarar uwa. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa jarirai tun daga haihuwa suna da tsarin narkewar abinci mara kyau. Ta hanyar gabatar da hankali a hankali a cikin abincin mutane, na’urar gastrointestinal tana inganta kanta. Abin da ke taimaka wa aladu a nan gaba don cin abinci mai yawa, sabili da haka girma da sauri.
Ana ba da izinin alade ga mahaifiyar sa’o’i 1-1,5 bayan haihuwa kuma an gyara su a bayan nono. A cikin kwanaki 10 na farko, ana ba wa jarirai colostrum, wanda ke da fa’ida mai kima ga rigakafin dabbobi.
A rana ta 5-7th, alade masu shayarwa suna fara gabatar da abinci masu dacewa a cikin nau’i na skimmed ko madarar saniya (ya fi kama da naman alade). Wannan yana da mahimmanci idan shuka ba su da isasshen lactation – to jariran ba su da isasshen abinci. Ana ƙara madarar shanu zuwa alade a hankali kuma kaɗan kaɗan – sau 3-4 a rana, gram 25-30 ga kowane mutum. Dole ne samfurin ya zama sabo kuma a cikin zafin jiki. Madara mai tsami na iya haifar da damuwa a cikin alade.
Tare da kyakkyawar shayarwa a cikin aladu masu shayarwa, jarirai suna da wuya a tilasta su ci nonon saniya. Don haka, ana koya musu yin hakan ta hanyar rage ɓacin rai a cikin kwandon abinci. Ta hanyar lasar madarar da ke cikin muzzles, alade sun saba da abin shan saniya kuma su fara ci da kansu. Ya kamata a shayar da madara kawai, kuma ana ba da izinin yogurt acidophilic don amfani. Bayan ciyarwa, wajibi ne a wanke jita-jita. Don ciyar da mutum ɗaya kafin yaye, ana kashe lita 5-6 na madara.
A ranar 15-20th, an gabatar da baya a cikin menu na jarirai kuma yana ci gaba da ba da shi har sai yaye daga uwa. A lokacin shayarwa, har zuwa kilogiram 15-25 na madara mai ƙwanƙwasa yana zuwa ga mutum ɗaya. Da farko, an ba da shi a 100-150 grams, kusa da lokacin yaye daga uwa – a 700-1000 grams kowace rana. Ana ciyar da Piglets madara mai dumi da sabo, wani lokaci a cikin nau’i na acidophilus.
Piglets kuma suna buƙatar gaurayawan abinci waɗanda ake ciyar da su bushe ko tururi. Ana dandana abincin da aka dafa tare da madara ko madarar da aka datse kuma ana ba da dabbobi matasa. Busasshen hankali yana buƙatar niƙa da cire zawan daga hatsi da sha’ir. Tare da wannan hanyar kitso, kwandon ruwa ya kamata ya kasance koyaushe a cikin sashin abinci. Hanyar bushewa ya fi dacewa fiye da kitso tare da porridge ko rigar gauraye, tun da na karshen yana da lalacewa kuma zai iya haifar da cututtuka na hanji a cikin mutane.
Don cikakken kitso da kiwo na yara matasa, ana buƙatar abinci mai daɗi, wanda dole ne dabbobi su saba tun suna ƙanana. Daga ranar 8-10th, ana iya gabatar da suckers Boiled dankali. Ana cukuɗa shi zuwa yanayin tsabta, ana gabatar da madara a can kuma a gauraye da kyau. Daga kwanaki 10-12, dabbobin sun fara ba da albarkatun tushen tushen mashed. Bayan lokaci, ana haxa su tare da madara da abinci mai mahimmanci.
A matsayin ƙari ga ciyarwa, ana ba jarirai ƙurar ƙasa da hay.
A lokacin dumi, ana koya wa ‘ya’yan itace cin koren abinci: clover, gwoza da karas, da dai sauransu. Da farko, ana niƙa ganye tare da injin nama. Bayan haka, ana saki matasa dabbobi, tare da mahaifiyarsu, a cikin filin tafiya (kawai daga kwanaki 5) sau da yawa a rana. Wannan yana ba wa ‘ya’yan itace lafiyayyen ma’adanai da bitamin na halitta.
Matashi girma tare da uwa suka fito a kan filin tafiya
Shuka
Sarrafa ciyar da mata yana da mahimmanci musamman a lokacin lokacin haihuwa, wanda ke ɗaukar kusan watanni huɗu. A lokacin daukar ciki na mata, duk abubuwan da ake bukata da abubuwan gina jiki yakamata su kasance a cikin abincinsu, musamman mai girma tayin yana buƙatar sunadarai, calcium da phosphorus.
Don jin daɗin jin daɗi, dabba yana buƙatar takamaiman adadin fiber, in ba haka ba mai ciki zai kasance cikin damuwa koyaushe saboda rashin abinci da jin yunwa. A cikin rabi na biyu na ciki, mace tana buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki mai gina jiki don ci gaban tayin da kuma ƙara yawan lactation.
Janar dokoki don kitso piglets
Fi dacewa, ya kamata a ciyar da alade a lokaci guda a kowace rana don su saba da abincin. Tare da irin wannan tsarin, yara suna da lokaci don jin yunwa kuma su ci daidai da ka’idodin da aka ba su. Abincin da ba a sarrafa shi yana haifar da rashin narkewar abinci lokacin da mutane suka ci abinci da yawa. Ƙashin ƙasa: ƙananan alade suna buƙatar a ba da abinci a ƙayyadadden sa’o’i.
Zai fi kyau a ba da abinci ga dabbobi a sassa don kada ya tsaya a cikin feeders. In ba haka ba, sha’awar su ta ragu, tsarin …
