Enzootic ciwon huhu na aladu

Daya daga cikin cututtukan da ke haifar da hasara mai yawa ga manoma a duniya shine ciwon huhu na alade. Wannan cuta tana da haɗari saboda marar lafiya ya kasance mai ɗaukar kwayar cutar na dogon lokaci. Idan garken ya yi yawa, dabbobin za su yi rashin lafiya koyaushe. A cikin na kullum ko m nau’i, ciwon huhu zai shafi matasa dabbobi da ma wadanda suka warke daga cutar da kuma ya kamata su sami rigakafi.

Matashi

Dalilan bayyanar

Abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon huhu na enzootic sune gram-tabbatacce mycoplasmas na filamentous, stellate ko siffar siffa. Girman ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta guda ɗaya yawanci jeri daga 150 zuwa 600 nm.

Mycoplasma yana jure wa adadin magunguna: streptomycin, thallium acetate, neomycin, polymyxin da penicillin. Amma tetracycline da duk abubuwan da suka samo asali, da kuma tylosin, na iya yin tasiri wajen gano cutar kan lokaci.

Microbes suna da kuzari mai kishi. Tare da zafi na iska na 75-80% da matsakaicin zafin jiki na digiri 5 zuwa 10, mycoplasma yana riƙe da duk kaddarorinsa na kwanaki 28. Idan zafin jiki ya faɗi ƙasa da digiri 20, wannan lokacin na iya ɗaukar watanni da yawa. A yanayin zafi sama da digiri 50, ƙwayar cuta ta mutu, a wannan batun, an lura da tasirin maganin antiseptik.

A hadarin yawanci aladu ne da ba su kai shekaru 7 watanni da tsotsa aladu. Daga cikin tsofaffin dabbobi, lokuta na cutar suna da wuya.

Porcine enzootic pneumonia yana yaduwa ta manyan hanyoyi guda uku:

• kamuwa da cuta ta iska (siriyar sirrin dabbobi marasa lafiya sun cika da mycoplasmas);
• kamuwa da cuta a lokacin ciyarwa (microbes suna shiga jikin aladu masu shayarwa tare da madarar shuka);
• kamuwa da cuta a cikin mahaifa (aladu sun riga sun kamu da cutar).

Piglets an haife su riga sun kamu da cutar

Cutar yawanci tana rufe 30-80% na dabbobi, mutuwar alade na iya zama ƙasa da 3%, kuma yana iya kaiwa 30%. Mummunan cutar da saurin yaduwarta ya dogara da abubuwa da dama:

• kulawa da kula da aladu;
• akai-akai na gwaje-gwajen dabbobi;
• abun da ke ciki na abinci;
• shekarun mutum marar lafiya;
• gano dabbobin da abin ya shafa akan lokaci.

Alamun

A cikin tsotsa piglets, lokacin shiryawa na iya ɗaukar kwanaki 8-56, kuma a wasu lokuta ma ƙari. Mummunan nau’in cutar ba tare da kulawa mai kyau ba sau da yawa yakan canza zuwa na kullum.

Babban alamun cutar a matakin farko sune yanayin sanyi na kowa:

• yana raguwa, ci abinci yana danne;
• akwai ɗan ƙara yawan zafin jiki;
• akwai atishawa da fitar ruwa daga hanci;
• akwai busasshen tari ba kasafai ba.

Kwanaki 10-14 na farko na cutar, alamun alamun alade sun kasance masu gamsarwa. Suna cin abinci da kyau, suna da motsi sosai kuma suna aiki. Amma ba tare da kulawa mai kyau ba, bayan lokaci, tari ya zama rigar. Kuma wannan ita ce alamar farko ta wannan lahani ga kyallen huhun dabbar.

bayyanar cututtuka

Bayan haka, cutar ta wuce zuwa mataki na yau da kullum, wanda ya wuce fiye da wata daya. Ga manyan alamomin wannan mataki:

• da safe, a lokacin ciyarwa da tafiya, akwai tari mai karfi, rigar, sau da yawa yana juya zuwa hare-hare;
• dabbobi suna motsawa ƙasa, sau da yawa suna zaɓar matsayi tare da faɗin ƙafafu;
• akwai nauyi, saurin numfashi;
• yana tasowa numfashi na ciki da zazzabi na lokaci-lokaci;
• ci a zahiri yana ɓacewa, marasa lafiya suna rage nauyi kuma suna girma a hankali.

Bincike

Don gano ciwon huhu na enzootic, za a buƙaci wani hadadden pathoanatomical da nazarin epizootological na asibiti. Ana iya gano kasancewar cutar a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje kawai.

Don ganewar asali na ƙarshe, likitocin dabbobi suna gudanar da nazarin serological da ƙwayoyin cuta na samfuran halittu na alade waɗanda zasu iya kamuwa da cuta.

Magani

Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta jiyya ita ce hadaddun da aka zaɓa a hankali na maganin rigakafi waɗanda ke aiki da mycoplasmas. Don haka, ana lura da haɓakar yanayin piglets bayan amfani da kwayoyi masu zuwa:

• levomycetin tare da norsulfazol, apramycin, belozin-200, neomycin, thiakat, chloramphenicol, rotodium, apramycin, lincomycin hydrochloride (tare da lura da kowane mutum);
• premixes tare da shirye-shiryen sulfanilamide, aerosols dauke da maganin rigakafi (tare da maganin rukuni).

Levomycetin

Likitocin dabbobi suna ba da shawarar kashe dabbobi tare da mummunan yanayin cutar saboda ƙarancin yiwuwar murmurewa. Ana lura da ingantaccen magani a cikin gonakin da yanayin kula da dabbobi da kula da su ya kasance a matakin gamsarwa. Tsarin ciyarwa da abinci na yau da kullun kuma zai zama muhimmin abu.

Hankali! Don guje wa barkewar cutar nan gaba, ana yin allurar rigakafi na kowane lokaci na dabbobi. Wannan ita ce hanya mafi dacewa don sarrafa ciwon huhu na epizootic daga duka nau’ikan annoba da mahangar tattalin arziki.

Rigakafi

Don rage haɗarin ciwon huhu na enzootic a cikin dabbobin gona, ya zama dole a gwada ta kowane hanya mai yiwuwa don karya sarkar kamuwa da cuta. Wannan ba kawai zai rage yawan adadin aladu da abin ya shafa ba, amma kuma zai kara yawan rigakafi na halitta. Da farko, ya kamata ku ƙi siyan dabbobi a cikin gonakin da aka yi rikodin cututtukan cututtukan numfashi.

Jerin matakan rigakafin da suka dace kuma sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• duba dabbobi akai-akai, ware da kuma, idan ya cancanta, kashe mutanen da suka kamu da cutar;
• cikakken abinci, gami da duk bitamin da ma’adanai da ake buƙata don aladu;
• kiyaye yanayin zafi mai dadi da yanayin zafi mafi kyau a cikin sito;
• ware daban na aladu daidai da kasancewar ɗaya ko wani samarwa ko rukunin shekaru;
• allurar rigakafin yau da kullun na duk mutane.

Muhimmanci! Rigakafin irin wannan nau’in ciwon huhu shine babban hanyar haɗin gwiwa. Idan an lura da duk buƙatun tsafta da tsabta don kiyaye dabbobi, haɗarin kamuwa da cuta zai ragu sosai.

Kammalawa

Barkewar ciwon huhu na enzootic na iya haifar da asarar kashi ɗaya bisa uku na matasan dabbobi, kuma a sakamakon haka, ga tattalin arzikin gonaki mai mahimmanci. Ba shi da wahala a guje wa irin waɗannan matsalolin idan kun ƙirƙiri mafi kyawun yanayin rayuwa ga dabbobi kuma kar ku manta game da hanyoyin rigakafi.