Cututtukan aladu da maganin su

Kiwon alade kasuwanci ne mai riba, amma nasarar kasuwancin ya dogara ba kawai akan kokarin manomi ba. Ribar gonaki yana shafar abubuwa da yawa, irin su cututtuka a cikin aladu. Daga cututtuka daban-daban da cututtuka marasa yaduwa, dabbobi na iya mutuwa, wanda zai lalata gonar. Mai mallakar dabbobi ya kamata ya sami bayani game da abin da aladu da alade ke da lafiya, yadda wasu cututtuka ke bayyana kansu da kuma yadda za a taimaka wa dabbobi.

Kiwon alade

Alamun rashin lafiya a cikin alade

Duk wani ciwo mai tsanani ko da yaushe yana bayyana kansa. Idan dabba ba ta da lafiya, ana iya ganin wannan ta halayenta da alamomi daban-daban. Yi la’akari da alamun rashin lafiya na kowa a cikin aladu:

1. Halin tawayar, gajiya. A wasu lokuta, dabba yana nuna damuwa.
2. Alade ya shiga cikin zuriyar.
3. Rashin kujera. Yawancin cututtuka suna haifar da gudawa. Kujerar a lokaci guda na iya ƙunsar gamsai, ƙazantattun jini. Wani lokaci najasa yana canza launi zuwa kore.
4. Yanayin fata. Alamar cutar ita ce bayyanar spots, bumps, abscesses a kan fata na dabba. Wani lokaci ko bushewa da pallor fata na nuna tabarbarewar yanayin alade.
5. Rashin ci.
6. Tari.
7. Fitarwa daga hanci, idanu.
8. Bayyanar jijiyoyi – tashin hankali, karkatar da kai, rashin fahimta.
9. Saurin numfashi.
10. Zafafan kunnuwa.
11. Redness, bluish mucous membranes.

Idan kun lura da wasu alamu a cikin dabba, ya kamata ku ɗauki zafin jiki nan da nan. Don yin wannan, yana da kyau a yi amfani da ma’aunin zafi da sanyio. Bayan an lulluɓe ƙarshen na’urar tare da jelly mai, ana saka ta cikin dubura na mintuna 2.

Yanayin alade

Yawan zafin jiki na al’ada a cikin aladu fiye da shekara shine digiri 38-38,7. A cikin piglets da mutane har zuwa shekara – 39-39,5 digiri.

Hankali! Idan alade ko alade yana da zafi mai yawa, dole ne a sanya mutum nan da nan a cikin dakin keɓe don kada sauran dabbobi su kamu da cutar, sannan a gayyaci likitan dabbobi.

Rarraba cututtuka

A halin da ake ciki cututtuka na aladu za a iya raba kashi 3. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:

• cututtuka marasa yaduwa;
• masu kamuwa da cuta;
• parasitic (invasive).

Cututtukan da ba sa yaduwa ba su da muni ga waɗanda ke kusa da mara lafiya, kuma ba sa haifar da haɗari ga mutane. Amma wannan ba yana nufin za a iya yin watsi da su ba. A cikin lokuta masu tasowa, kowace cuta na iya ɗaukar ran dabba, wanda ba shi da amfani ga manomi.

Cututtuka masu yaduwa sune cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta ko fungi. Suna da matukar haɗari ga dabbobi, yayin da suke yaduwa da sauri. Ga mafi yawan cututtuka masu tsanani, aladu suna yin alurar riga kafi tun suna ƙanana, wanda ke taimakawa wajen kare mazaunan gonaki daga haɗari na mutuwa.

Ana haifar da cututtuka masu haɗari ta hanyar shigar da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jikin dabba. Wadannan na iya zama fata parasites, kamar mites, kazalika da iri-iri na helminths. Cututtuka masu yaduwa kuma suna yaduwa.

Cututtuka marasa yaduwa

Cututtuka marasa yaduwa na aladu sun haɗa da pathologies na numfashi da gabobin narkewa, wanda kamuwa da cuta ba shi da alaƙa. Wannan kuma ya hada da cututtukan da ke haifar da rashin bitamin a jiki.

Guba

Kuskure da aka yi a cikin abinci na aladu na iya haifar da mummunar rushewar tsarin narkewar abinci. Dabbobin na iya zama guba ta tsire-tsire masu guba, gishiri, mold fungi. Alamomin guba:

Guba alade

• rauni;
• ƙin abinci;
• gudawa;
• rawar jiki;
• yara masu girma;
• ƙishirwa (tare da guba na gishiri);
• girgiza;
• amai.

Maganin guba ya haɗa da zubar da ciki ta hanyar bututu, gabatar da maganin rigakafi idan tsire-tsire masu guba ne ke haifar da shi. A kowane hali, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓar likitan dabbobi.

Avitaminosis

Rashin bitamin a cikin jiki na iya haifar da mummunar matsalolin lafiya. Alal misali, tare da rashin bitamin D da A, da kuma abubuwan da aka gano na phosphorus da calcium, cututtuka suna tasowa – rickets da dystrophy, wanda tsarin kwarangwal na dabbobi ya sha wahala. Tare da ƙarancin ƙarfe, alade suna haɓaka anemia. Yana da mahimmanci a yi ƙoƙarin rarraba abincin dabbobi don guje wa irin waɗannan matsalolin. Jiyya na avitaminosis ya haɗa da sake cika rashin bitamin da abubuwan gano abubuwa tare da taimakon allura.

Toshewar esophagus

Wannan cuta tana faruwa ne a lokacin da wani waje ya shiga cikin esophagus. Kuna iya gano matsalar ta dabi’ar alade:

• ta damu;
• mikewa yayi gaba, yana kokarin fashe wani abu;
• ƙin abinci da abin sha.

Toshewar Esophageal a cikin alade

A wannan yanayin, ya kamata ku yi ƙoƙarin cire jikin waje daga cikin esophagus ko tura shi cikin ciki tare da bincike.

Stomatitis

Kumburi na mucosa na baka yana faruwa ne saboda lalacewar injina ga palate ko lebe yayin cin abinci. Idan garkuwar dabbar ta yi rauni, kamuwa da cuta zai shiga cikin raunin, wanda sannu a hankali zai yadu zuwa kogin baki. Alamomin cutar sune:

• salivation;
• smaking yayin cin abinci;
• rashin cin abinci mara kyau;
• wari mara dadi daga baki;
• ulcers a baki.

Jiyya ya haɗa da jiyya na kogon baka na dabba tare da masu kashe ƙwayoyin cuta – Furacilin, potassium permanganate, da kuma Streptocide foda.

Sauran cututtukan aladu marasa yaduwa:

• gastroenteritis;
• dyspepsia;
• catarrh na ciki;
• bronchopneumonia.

Cututtuka masu yaduwa

Ya kamata a ji tsoron cututtukan da ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta, saboda suna iya kashe duk dabbobin da ke gona a cikin kwanaki kaɗan. Yi la’akari da ƴan misalan yadda aladu za su yi rashin lafiya.

Cutar Aujeszky (ƙaryacin rabies)

Wannan cuta ta samo asali ne daga kwayar cutar da ke dauke da DNA na kwayar cutar ta herpes. Lokacin shiryawa yana ɗaukar har zuwa makonni 3. Cutar tana tasowa da sauri: dabbobi sun mutu a cikin sa’o’i 12 bayan an lura da alamun.

Cutar Aujeszky a cikin aladu

A cikin manya, alamun kamuwa da cuta sune:

• kumfa daga baki;
• curvature na wuyansa;
• girgiza;
• zalunci ko tsananin farin ciki;
• aladu suna daukar matsayin kare zaune;
• zafin jiki yana tashi zuwa digiri 42.

Hankali! Piglets ba su da alamun bayyanar cututtuka, suna mutuwa ba zato ba tsammani.

Babu ingantaccen magani ga cutar Aujeszky. Don rigakafin, ana amfani da rigakafin dabbobi.

Annobar Afirka

Wakilin da ke haifar da annoba ta Afirka shine iridovirus mai ɗauke da kwayar halittar DNA. Lokacin shiryawa yana ɗaukar kwanaki 15, bayan haka alamun cutar sun bayyana:

• zalunci mai karfi – dabba yana kwance kusan kowane lokaci;
• cyanosis na kunnuwa;
• zafi;
• kumburi a kan fata a cikin makwancin gwaiwa da kafada;
• purulent conjunctivitis;
• rashin ƙarfi na numfashi, ƙarancin numfashi, tari;
• cututtuka na tsarin narkewa – zawo tare da jini ko maƙarƙashiya.

Yawan mace-mace daga annoba ta Afirka ya kai 90-100%. Mutanen da suka yi nasarar murmurewa sun kasance masu dauke da kwayar cutar. Maganin wannan cuta, da kuma matakan rigakafi masu tasiri, ba a samar da su ba.

Ciwon ciki

ciwon alade

Cutar cututtuka ce ta hanji ta aladu ta hanyar spirochete anaerobic. Ana yada ta ta hanyar hanyar alimentary. Alamun suna bayyana bayan lokacin shiryawa, wanda zai iya wucewa daga kwanaki 2 zuwa 28. Alamomin ciwon ciki:

1. Rashin ci.
2. Yawan zafin jiki.
3. Zawo tare da najasa na jini, mugunya, gamsai. A cikin najasa, ana samun guntuwar mucosa na hanji. Zawo ba ya tasowa nan da nan, kimanin kwanaki 4-5 bayan bayyanar farko na cutar.

Ana gudanar da maganin dysentery tare da taimakon maganin rigakafi da magungunan sulfa.

Erysipelas

Cutar dai na faruwa ne sakamakon wata kwayar cuta mai saurin kisa, hanyar da ake yada ta ita ce ta hanyar abinci. Tushen kamuwa da cutar dai dabbobi ne marasa lafiya da masu dauke da kwayoyin cuta, da kuma gawarwakin matattun aladu, taki da sharar da aka samu daga wuraren yanka.

Alamun erysipelas sun bambanta, dangane da nau’i, yanayin cutar:

• saurin walƙiya;
• m;
• subacute;
• na kullum.

Siffar fulminant yana da wuyar gaske – a cikin alade tare da raunin tsarin rigakafi wanda aka ajiye a cikin yanayi mara kyau. Babban nau’i mai mahimmanci yana nuna karuwar zafin jiki zuwa digiri 42, zawo, wanda ke canzawa tare da maƙarƙashiya, kuma amai yana faruwa. Tare da irin wannan hanya na erysipelas, aikin zuciya yana rushewa, don haka ƙarancin numfashi yana faruwa kuma ana ganin fata mai launin shuɗi a cikin yankin ciki da wuyansa. Tuni a rana ta biyu bayan bayyanar alamun farko na erysipelas, alamun halayen ja-ruwan hoda suna bayyana akan fata.

Hankali! Yana da mahimmanci don fara magani nan da nan, in ba haka ba mutuwa zai faru a cikin kwanaki 3-5.

A cikin mutanen da ke da rigakafi mai ƙarfi, cutar tana ci gaba da sauƙi, a cikin nau’in urticaria (tabbas subacute), kuma ta ɓace bayan kwanaki 10-12. Yi la’akari da alamun halayen nau’in nau’in erysipelas na subacute:

• ƙishirwa mai ƙarfi;
• zafin jiki game da digiri 41;
• ɗimbin maɗaukaki na abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba suna bayyana akan fata – rhombus, triangle.

Rashin kula da nau’in nau’in nau’in erysipelas na subacute na iya haifar da nau’in cutar na kullum, wanda ke da alamun necrosis na fata, lalacewar haɗin gwiwa, da ci gaban endocarditis.

Don maganin erysipelas, ana amfani da maganin rigakafi masu yawa, magungunan da ke daidaita aikin zuciya, maganin antihistamines, magungunan antipyretic, da kuma bitamin-ma’adinai don ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi.

Cututtukan parasitic

Cututtukan da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifar da su: helminths, mites, protozoa unicellular – suna haifar da cutarwa ga lafiyar aladu. Hakanan ana yada su daga mutum ɗaya zuwa wani, don haka suna buƙatar ganewar asali da magani akan lokaci. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:

Ascariasis na aladu

• ascariasis;
• trichinosis;
• cysticercosis;
• cututtuka daga kaska (skin parasites).

Ascaridosis

Nematodes roundworm ne ke haifar da cutar. Kwai masu tsutsa suna shiga jikin aladu tare da gurbataccen abinci da ruwa. Yawancin lokaci wannan yana faruwa yayin tafiya a cikin makiyaya. Kwai da aka hadiye suna wucewa cikin hanji. A can sai su koma tsutsa, suna shiga cikin mucosa na hanji, daga inda suke yin hijira tare da jini zuwa bronchi da huhu. A lokacin ƙaura, aladu suna fara tari, don haka cutar ta sami sauƙin rikicewa tare da bronchopneumonia. Daga cikin bronchi, tsutsa suna tari tare da gamsai, sun haɗiye su shiga cikin hanji. A can, tsutsa sun riga sun zama manya. Ascaris suna iya rayuwa a cikin hanji har tsawon watanni da yawa.

A lokacin ƙaurawar ascaris, alamun suna kama da bronchopneumonia:

• ƙara yawan zafin jiki;
• alade yana tari;
• ƙarancin numfashi;
• niƙa hakora;
• wasu lokuta ana ganin jujjuyawa.

A nan gaba, lokacin da tsutsotsin tsutsotsi sun riga sun zama parasitic a cikin hanji, alamun ba a bayyane suke ba. Piglets suna da rashin ci, dabbobi suna rasa nauyi, sau da yawa suna da zawo da maƙarƙashiya.

Ana gudanar da maganin ascariasis tare da taimakon magungunan anthelmintic. Albendazole, Fenbendazole, Piperazine, Febantel taimako daga wadannan parasites.

Hankali! Deworing na dabbobi a kan lokaci yana taimakawa wajen guje wa yaduwar ascariasis a gona.

Trichinosis

Dalilin da ya haifar da trichinosis shine ƙananan nematode Trichinella. Yana shiga jikin aladu lokacin cin abincin nama, wanda ya ƙunshi tsutsa sanye da capsules. Lokacin shiga ciki, an lalata harsashi mai kariya. Wata tsutsa ta fito daga cikinta. A cikin kasa da kwanaki 2, tana iya samun hadi. Sai maza su mutu, mata kuma su haifi tsutsotsi masu rai. Suna shiga cikin zaruruwan tsokar dabbar, suna girma a can kuma suna tattara su, suna murƙushe su cikin karkace. Matan da suka haifi ‘ya’ya suna mutuwa bayan watanni 2 kuma ana fitar da su daga jiki da najasa.

Trichinosis aladu

Alamomi:

• asarar ci;
• rashin lafiyan halayen (a cikin nau’i na kurji akan fata);
• kumburi da kumburi na tsokoki;
• zafin jiki tashi.

Ana gudanar da magani tare da taimakon miyagun ƙwayoyi Mebendazole (Vermox). A wasu lokuta, yana da kyau a yi amfani da injections na glucocorticosteroids don rage kumburi da kumburi a cikin tsokoki.

Cysticercosis

Abubuwan da ke haifar da cysticercosis a cikin aladu sune tsutsa na helminth Taenia hydatigena, wanda ke lalata cikin hanjin mutane. Dabbobi suna kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar cin ciyawar da ta gurɓace da najasar mutumin da tsutsotsin tsutsotsi suka yi wa jikin sa. Ƙwai da aka haɗiye da sassan helminth suna shiga cikin hanji na alade, inda harsashi ya rushe. Larvae ya bazu cikin sassa daban-daban na dabba. Cutar yawanci asymptomatic ce….