Siffofin kiyayewa da kiwowar gogar Gwamna

Gobe ​​na Gwamna suna bred kwanan nan, an samo nau’in ta hanyar ƙetare Shadrinskaya da nau’in Italiyanci. Wurin zaɓi – shuka shuka “Makhalov”. An bambanta tsuntsu ta hanyar precocity, alamun nauyi mai kyau, haihuwa da rayuwa.

Gwarzon Gwamna

Dole ne a bude hanyar samun ruwa ga garken Gwamna

Goggogin Gwamna suna jure wa kowane yanayi da kyau.

Tarihin Asalin Gogayen Gwamna

Gwamnonin nau’in geese sun ƙirƙira ƙungiyar masana kimiyya daga Cibiyar Kiwon Kaji, Cibiyar Aikin Noma mai suna Maltsev TS da ma’aikatan zootechnical na shuka Makhalov shekaru 11.

A sakamakon haka, a cikin 2011 yana yiwuwa a cimma sakamako mai ban mamaki – nau’in ya juya ya zama abin mamaki mai ban mamaki, mai amfani da sanyi, godiya ga wanda ko da yanayin mazaunin Spartan ya dace da tsuntsaye.

Bayanin irin nau’in da siffofi na musamman

Gwamnan Goose, kodayake samu ta hanyar tsallaka nau’ikan 2, ya fi kama da iri iri na Italiyanci, da yawa manoma suka rikita su. Wannan nau’in nau’in matsakaici ne, nama da jagoran kwai, tare da matsakaicin nauyin kilogiram 6.

Bayyanar

Siffofin alamun bayyanar:

• plumage – galibi fari;
• kai – ƙananan, oblong;
• baki – takaice, orange-ja launi;
• wuyansa – matsakaicin tsayi;
• jiki – m;
• saukar da tsarin reshe;
• caudal tsari na ƙananan girman;
• kirji yana da ƙarfi sosai;
• paws suna da launin ja-ja;
• babu crease karkashin baki;
• babu bugun gaba.

A lokacin ƙuruciya, goslings sun bambanta da bayyanar daga manya – fluff yana ƙunshe da launin toka. Yayin da suke girma, molting yana faruwa, a lokacin da plumage ya zama dusar ƙanƙara-fari.

Hali

Waɗannan tsuntsaye ne masu lumana, waɗanda aka bambanta ta wurin girman girmansu da tafiya mai mahimmanci. Duk da jinkirin da suke da shi, lokacin da haɗari ya gabato, suna shiga cikin yaƙi sosai.

Lokacin kwanciya kwai da matsakaicin samar da kwai na shekara

Lokacin kwanciya na Goose shine watanni 4-4,5. Domin wannan lokaci, bisa ga matsakaici Manuniya, ta iya kawo 43-46 qwai. Matsakaicin samar da kwai na shekara-shekara shine 98-100 qwai da mace, sabili da haka, lokacin da ake girma yawan dabbobi, samfurori sun isa ga dukkanin dalilai – amfani, sayarwa, kiwo.

Nauyin mutum, ƙimar precocity

Gwargwadon Gwamna suna da wuri sosai, kodayake suna da ƙaramin nauyi ga irin wannan tsuntsu (matsakaicin 5-6 kg). Tuni da makonni 9, nauyin gander yana da akalla 4,3 kg, yayin da Goose yayi nauyi 300-400 grams ƙasa. A cikin watanni 3 na rayuwa, Goose ya riga ya auna cikakken nauyin kilogiram 5 a cikin nau’in gawa mai sutura, kuma wannan yana tare da cin abinci na kilogiram 3 a kowace kilogiram 1 na riba mai rai.

Kulawa da kulawa

Nauyin gwamna ba shi da ma’ana wajen kulawa da kulawa, don haka ana shuka shi a manya da kanana gonaki. Nan da nan bayan haihuwa, ana iya bambanta jinsi, don haka geese a wannan mataki ana shuka su daban daga geese.

Ana kiyaye nau’in a ƙarƙashin kowane yanayi na yanayi, saboda yana jure sanyi. Tsuntsaye suna sauƙin jure wa sufuri, bayan haka cututtuka ba su faruwa, amma yawan yawan aiki ya ragu (don lokacin daidaitawa).

Abubuwan bukatu don ɗakin

Geese tsuntsaye ne da ke haifar da dampness (ruwan fantsama, wanka), don haka akwai buƙatu na musamman don ɗakin:

1. Zai fi kyau a cika ƙasa da kankare kuma a ba shi da katako na katako. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, to, yana da mahimmanci don cika ƙasa tare da guntun itace ko sawdust, bambaro, hay. Abinda ake bukata shine lokacin da kayan ya jika, ana maye gurbinsa.
2. Geese yana buƙatar ɗaki mai faɗi, amma dole ne a raba shi zuwa sassa akan ƙimar shugabannin 50 a cikin yanki ɗaya. An gina wannan bangare daga ragamar ƙarfe na yau da kullun 1,3-1,5 m tsayi. Wannan wajibi ne don kada tsuntsaye su tashi.
3. Ana buƙatar samun iska, kamar yadda ake yin hasken wucin gadi, musamman a yanayin girgije.
4. Ana yin dumi don hunturu daga ciki da waje. Don wannan, zaku iya amfani da kowane kayan da aka inganta.
5. An cire takardun gaba ɗaya, in ba haka ba dabbobi za su yi rashin lafiya.

Wurin kiwo don tafiya

Ƙarfafawar geese yana buƙatar motsi, don haka tsuntsaye suna buƙatar samar da wuri don tafiya. Don yin wannan, an shirya fita kyauta zuwa makiyaya daga gidan kaji, wanda zai iya buɗewa ko rufe. Tun da tsuntsaye na iya tashi a kan cikas, shingen dole ne ya zama akalla mita daya da rabi. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine kejin raga.

Bukatun makiyaya:

• yana yiwuwa a ƙirƙira tafki na wucin gadi (ragi, rami, da dai sauransu);
• mai yawa greenery (ciyawa);
• Kuna iya amfani da ƙasar da hatsi da sauran amfanin gona suka girma (dowan za su fitar da ragowar hatsi);
• rashin busassun ciyawa (idan ya cancanta, yanka).

Samun ruwa

Gobe ​​na Gwamna suna sha kullum, don haka ya kamata a bude hanyar samun ruwa. Don haka, ana amfani da tafkunan wucin gadi ko kwanon sha. Ana sayar da na ƙarshe a cikin shaguna na musamman, amma ana iya yin su da hannuwanku. Babban abin da ake bukata ga mai shayarwa shine siffar gutter.

Don rigakafin cututtuka, masana sun ba da shawarar shigar da kwantena ba kawai tare da ruwa mai tsabta ba, har ma da decoctions na ganye na magani (chamomile, da dai sauransu). Ba kwa buƙatar shan abubuwan sha na warkarwa kowace rana, sau 3 a mako ya isa.

Masu ciyar da abinci, mashaya da tudun yashi

Yadda ake samar da kayan aikin da suka dace don geese:

1. Wurin ciyarwa ya kamata ya kasance samuwa ga cikakken duk daidaikun fakitin, kuma a lokaci guda. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa geese kullum suna cin wani abu, tsunkule. Masu ciyarwa yakamata su kasance tsayi (aƙalla mita 2). Ana yin lissafin girman girman bisa ga buƙatun: ga mutum ɗaya, ana buƙatar 25-30 cm. Ya fi dacewa don dacewa da tsuntsaye don rataye na’urori a tsayin 15-20 cm daga matakin bene.
2. Kwanonin sha ya kamata ko da yaushe ya kasance a gaban geese. Wadannan tsuntsaye suna watsa ruwa yayin sha da wanka, don haka ya zama al’ada don shigar da tire na musamman a karkashin kayan aiki inda za a tattara ruwa (wanda zai hana yawan zafi a cikin dakin). Abinda ake bukata shine canza ruwa yayin da yake datti. Idan ba a yi haka ba, tsuntsaye na iya kamuwa da cutar.
3. Kwantena tare da yashi an kafa shi ba tare da kasawa ba, tun da geese yana buƙatar ƙarin ma’adinai, wanda abubuwa masu amfani suka shiga cikin jiki. Saboda haka, abincin da ke shiga cikin esophagus yana saurin narkewa (yashi granules niƙa roughage). Za ka iya amfani da: kogin yashi, lafiya tsakuwa, alli, kwai, bawo.

A cikin hunturu, ruwa yana daskarewa, don haka wajibi ne don ƙara ruwa mai zafi lokaci-lokaci ko shigar da kayan aiki mai zafi.

Rigakafin Cuta

Irin wannan nau’in geese yana da sauƙi ga cututtuka, musamman ma idan an kiyaye ka’idodin kiyayewa da kulawa. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa suna da tsarin rigakafi mai ƙarfi. Abin da ya sa, ba kamar sauran nau’ikan geese ba, daidaikun gwamna ba sa ɗaukar matakan kumburi a cikin na’urar gani. Duk da haka, waɗannan abubuwan ba su ba da damar yin watsi da buƙatun magungunan dabbobi don allurar rigakafi na tsuntsayen tsuntsaye da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Kamuwa da cuta yawanci yana faruwa daga wannan tsuntsu zuwa wani, amma kamuwa da cuta yana yiwuwa ta wasu hanyoyi (ta hanyar masu sha, masu ciyarwa, ruwa, abinci, da sauransu). Don haka, wajibi ne a dauki matakan kariya:

• lalata dakin;
• bi masu ciyarwa, masu sha, kayan aikin tsaftacewa tare da maganin antiseptics;
• tsaftace dakin daga najasa;
• kula da yanayin zafi da ake buƙata (cire rigar kwanciya);
• rigakafin lokaci;
• shaka gidan kaji;
• saki tsuntsu zuwa kiwo;
• kada ku ƙyale sauran dabbobi (kuwa, karnuka, kaji, da dai sauransu) su gushe;
• sau da yawa canza ruwa (zuba ruwa mai tsabta kawai);
• sayan abinci mai inganci;
• kawar da haɗarin mice, berayen da ke shiga abinci, wanda zai iya yada kamuwa da cuta.

Siffofin ciyarwa

Gwamna geese ba sa cin abinci da yawa, amma dole ne a daidaita abincinsu, musamman abincin gosling bayan haihuwa. Ya kamata su ba da abinci na musamman ba, har ma da yankakken dafaffen ƙwai. Goslings ana canjawa wuri zuwa abinci mai gina jiki daga kwanaki 2-3 na rayuwa. Bayan mako guda, ana gabatar da yankakken karas da ganye a cikin abincin. Bayan kamar wata guda, tsuntsaye suna iya cin abincin manya. Amfanin ciyarwa dangane da shekaru:

Age category Amfani da mutum a cikin grams 7 days 190-200 14 days 300-350 21 days 700-800 28 days 1400-1500 35 days 1700-1750 42 days 2200-2230 49 days 2300-2900

Abinci a cikin hunturu

A cikin hunturu, rage cin abinci na geese na Gwamna ya kamata ya hada da abinci mai gina jiki da mash. Na farko ya kamata ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa:

• alkama;
• wake;
• lentil;
• masara;
• sha’ir;
• sauran nau’ikan hatsi da legumes.

Mixer ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa:

• hay kura;
• amfanin gona na kabewa;
• dankali;
• ganyen nettle;
• sabo ne beets;
• turnips;
• silage.

Tabbatar gabatar da kayan ma’adinai da bitamin da aka saya a cikin shaguna na musamman.

Abinci a lokacin bazara

A lokacin rani, yana da kyau a ciyar da geese a kan makiyaya, wanda zai rage yawan kuɗin kuɗi. Amma da yamma da safe, ya zama dole a bugu da žari a ba da abinci na fili da dusa.

Abinci a lokacin haihuwa

Lokacin kwanciya ƙwai, dole ne a ciyar da geese musamman a hankali, tunda matakin samar da kwai ya dogara da wannan. Ana ba da shawarar gabatar da ƙarin ciyarwa kwanaki 28-30 kafin ranar da ake tsammanin lokacin haihuwa.

Abin da ya wajaba:

• kowane nau’in amfanin gona na hatsi;
• bitamin da ma’adanai;
• ciyawa mai sabo;
• alfalfa;
• gida cuku;
• kwai kwai;
• yogurt;
• nikakken kifi ko mai.

Nuances na kiwo

A lokacin kwanciya ƙwai, nests don geese suna sanye take. Yawancin lokaci ana yin su daga akwatunan katako (mafi ƙarancin tsayi 8-10 cm, faɗin 40-50 cm, tsayin 60-70 cm). Gidan gida daban ga kowane mutum ba wajibi bane, tunda geese na iya ƙyanƙyashe ƙwai tare don tsuntsaye 2-3. Kasan akwatin an lullube shi da gadon ciyawa, ana yayyafa Goose a sama.

Zazzabi da zafi a cikin incubator

Don kiwo babban adadin geese, ya zama dole a yi amfani da incubators na musamman, waɗanda dole ne su cika waɗannan buƙatu:

• a ranar shiryawa na 1st, tsarin zafin jiki ya kamata ya zama digiri 36-38, matakin zafi ya kamata ya zama matsakaicin 70%;
• daga qwai 2 ana sanyaya ta hanyar wucin gadi sau biyu a rana don minti 15-20 zuwa t + 33 digiri;
• A rana ta 28th, ana tura qwai zuwa wani incubator na musamman, inda zafin jiki a ciki bai kamata ya wuce digiri 37 ba, kuma zafi kada ya wuce 75%.

Don shiryawa, ana ɗaukar ƙwai daga geese har zuwa shekaru 4. Kafin kwanciya, suna zafi (t + 38 digiri) na 4 hours. A rana ta 5 da zama a cikin incubator, qwai ana bi da su tare da wani rauni mai rauni na potassium permanganate, kuma a yayyafa shi da ruwa ko da yaushe kafin kyankyashe.

Me yasa goslings ke mutuwa?

An bambanta nau’in gwamna ta hanyar ƙara kuzari, amma wani lokacin goslings na iya mutuwa. Manyan dalilai:

• rashin kulawa da kulawa da “iyaye”;
• rashin bin ka’idojin kiyaye gosling;
• guba abinci;
• abinci mara kyau;
• paratyphoid (salmonellosis);
• kwayar cutar enteritis;
• coccidiosis na koda;
• gymenolepidosis;
• avitaminosis.

Fa’idodi da rashin amfanin irin Goshin Gwamna

Gwamnonin nau’in geese na gwamna yana da fa’idodi da yawa, daga cikinsu akwai abin lura:

• babban matakin yawan aiki da lalacewa kwai;
• kyakkyawan aiki na ƙasa, musamman rufin thermal;
• yawan girma;
• rayuwa mai kyau;
• auren mata fiye da daya (namiji ba ya neman takamaiman mace), wanda ke kara yawan kwai;
• yiwuwar ƙyanƙyashe a cikin incubator ba tare da asara ba (95%);
• hakuri da sanyi da kowane yanayi.

Daga cikin illolin akwai:

• geese ba hens masu kyau ba ne, bar gidajensu;
• dangane da sakin layi na baya, ana buƙatar incubator.

Riba

Irin nau’in geese na Gwamna ba ya girma zuwa girma mai girma, amma girman girma ya sa ya yiwu a sami riba da sauri a farashi kaɗan (farashin gosling ɗaya kusan 650-750 rubles).

Bugu da ƙari, samar da ƙwai mai kyau yana ba ku damar kiwo dukan gonaki na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Bisa ga wannan, za mu iya ƙarasa da cewa payback na Gwamna geese ne quite high.

Sharhi

Margarita Fedorovna, mai shekaru 39, Krasnodar Territory. Na siyo wa gidana na Govna. Na yi mamakin yadda sauri suke girma kuma a lokaci guda suna cin abinci kaɗan kaɗan. Ba sa…