Ko shakka babu sana’ar kiwon alade sana’a ce mai matukar riba, wacce ke jan hankalin manoman zamani, amma wannan sana’a tana da matukar wahala da tsada ta kowane fanni. Yana da mahimmanci kada a rasa wani abu, saboda babu wasu abubuwa a cikin fasahar kiwon alade. Abu mafi mahimmanci shine kayan aiki da inganta rayuwar aladu. A cikin wannan al’amari, akwai nuances da yawa waɗanda suka sauko zuwa irin wannan triad – aminci, dumi, tsabta.
Yanayin dadi a cikin pigsty
Bukatun Jinsi
Aladu suna son busassun, tsabta da ɗakuna masu dumi don rayuwarsu, inda za su kasance masu jin dadi ta kowace hanya. Abin da zai zama garanti na karuwar nauyin su da sauri. Wannan shine ainihin abin da ya kamata ku yi tunani game da lokacin gina gidaje don aladu.
Ƙasa a cikin alade ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman, tun da aladu suna barci a nan, kuma wannan yana buƙatar tsabta da dumi. Kuma ba shakka, don samar musu da yanayin rayuwa mai dadi, kuna buƙatar kula da batun dacewa da tsabtace taki, tsaftacewa da disinfection na rataye don kiwon dabbobi.
Akwai yanayi na fasaha na musamman don ingancin bene:
- dole ne ya zama mai jure lalacewa, don haka karvar sa a cikin aiki;
- kasa dole ne ya bi ka’idojin kare lafiyar dabbobi.
Nisa daga cikin rata a cikin bene zai iya bambanta daga 10 mm zuwa 20 mm, in ba haka ba kullun alade za su fada cikin manyan gibba, kuma manya na iya manne musu su ji rauni. Tsawon irin waɗannan ramummuka ba zai iya zama fiye da 15 cm ba.
Yana da kyawawa don samun ƙananan matakin, tun da fitsari da najasar dabbobi za su taru a ciki. Tsawon da ya dace shine 60 cm.
Mafi sau da yawa, wannan akwati ne tare da gangara, tun da sharar gida dole ne ta zubar da kanta. An yi shi daga kowane kayan hygroscopic dan kadan wanda ba ya sha wari, don kada ya dauki nauyin tsaftacewa da disinfection.
Fasaha stacking
Akwai fasahar bene guda biyu don aladu: slotted da m.
Peculiarity! A cikin wani ƙaramin gini mai zaman kansa don kiwon alade ɗaya ko biyu don nama, yawanci ba sa yin fice kuma suna yin ƙaƙƙarfan bene na siminti ko itace.
A kan gonakin alade na zamani, an samar da tsarin kawar da taki mai sarrafa kansa, wanda ya haɗa da kasancewar rufin bene mai ratsi. Wannan ƙirar kuma ta dace da gonar ƙaramin alade na gida.
Ramin shimfida
Na’urar shimfidar ƙasa
Alade, sabanin yadda aka yi imani da su, dabbobi ne masu tsabta da wayo, don haka suna amfani da su don yin najasa a wani wuri cikin sauƙi da sauri. Saboda haka, slatted benaye za su zama manufa domin wadannan dabbobi. Ma’anar su shine kamar haka: waɗannan benaye biyu suna haɗuwa, kamar yadda suke, daga sassa biyu. Ƙasar ƙasa kamar rumfar siminti ne mai gangara zuwa ramin, kuma ɓangaren sama yana da benaye. Ƙila ramummuka ba za su kasance a kan dukan filin bene ba, amma a wuri ɗaya kawai.
Ramin benaye na iya zama siminti, ƙarfe ko filastik. Zaɓuɓɓuka biyu na ƙarshe sun dace da ƙananan dabbobi – sun zo tare da rashin ƙarfi da ribbing don kare kariya daga rauni, kuma raƙuman da ke cikin su suna da ƙananan ƙananan don kada kullun yara su fada cikin ramuka. Filayen siminti da aka kera a jere suna da ƙananan ramuka da manyan gadoji a tsakanin su – wannan yana rage raunin da ya faru.
Babban fa’ida na ƙirar bene mai slatted shine sauƙi da sauƙi na tsaftacewa da kiyayewa. Don adana kuɗi, wani lokaci ana yin bene mai ɗorewa da katako mai kauri, amma wannan zaɓi mara kyau ne, kamar yadda aladu za su iya kama kan tsagewa da karkatar da allon.
Amfanin suturar slotted
Fasahar shimfidar ƙasa mafi inganci don gonakin alade a halin yanzu ana ɗauka azaman tsarin shimfidar ƙasa.
Irin wannan suturar ita ce zaɓi mafi dacewa don cire taki idan aka kwatanta da ƙasa mai ƙarfi. Wannan kuma ya shafi manyan kamfanonin masana’antu, inda tsaftace taki zai buƙaci adadin ma’aikata da ba za a iya misaltuwa ba. Da kuma gonaki masu zaman kansu, wadanda adadinsu ya haura sama da 30 na dabbobi, wadanda ba za a samu isassun sojojin da za su iya tsaftace kayan sharar da hannu ba.
Irin wannan rufi shine tsarin haɗin kai mai kyau wanda aka gudanar da taki mai zaman kanta. Wannan shine mafi kyawun bayani don jin daɗin kiyaye shanu da aladu.
Muhimmanci! Ƙarƙashin bene shine ingantaccen aikin injiniya, wanda shine tsarin matakai biyu.
An zaɓi kayan don ƙirƙirar irin wannan bene dangane da makomar ƙarshe.
Slatted kankare slatted
Rufin Slotted yana da fa’idodi masu mahimmanci:
- Mafi ƙarancin kuzari ana kashewa akan kiyaye cikakkiyar ma’auni na rayuwa ga dabba. Yawan mura da cututtuka na hanji ya ragu sau da yawa, an rage lokacin karatun su.
- Adadin riba a kowace rana yana girma.
- Don gidan ku, zaku iya tsara tsarin bene mai kama da kansa.
- Godiya ga suturar slotted, ana rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki da kusan sau 2.
- Ana buƙatar ruwan da aka kashe akan aikin tsaftacewa kusan sau 5 ƙasa da tsarin bene mai ƙarfi.
- The subtleties na tsarin da m shafi.
Don sauƙaƙe aikin tsaftace ƙasa, an yi wani tsagi tare da kewayen bangon alƙalan alade, kuma an yi shimfidar ƙasa tare da gangara zuwa wannan tsagi. An gina shi da tubali da plastered. Gidan da kansa yana gudana cikin tanki mai tarin yawa inda najasar alade ke taruwa. Don fitowar al’ada, tsagi dole ne ya sami gangara. Talakawan da aka tara ana fitar da su ne da injuna na musamman, ko kuma a jefa su cikin ramuka domin rubewa da fermentation, sannan sai a tafi takin kasa.
Nau’ukan
Ana amfani da nau’ikan benaye da yawa.
Kankare
Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun zaɓuɓɓuka don bene a cikin pigsty shine kankare. Menene fa’idojinsa:
- Baya sha wani wari na waje.
- Kankare wani abu ne mai tsayi sosai, rayuwar sabis na irin wannan bene ya kai aƙalla shekaru 15, wanda ya sake jaddada ƙarfin sa.
- Mai sauƙin tsaftacewa da sauƙi don tsaftacewa.
- Gidan bene baya jin tsoron babban zafi.
- Ba ya damu da manyan lodi, daji boars yin la’akari fiye da biyu centns iya rayuwa a kan wannan shafi quite calmly (ba cewa matsakaicin halatta load ne 600 kg / sq. M.).
Hakanan akwai rashin amfani na wannan zaɓin shimfidar ƙasa:
- Yana ɗaukar kusan wata ɗaya don kayan ya taurare, kuma don wannan muhimmin lokaci ana buƙatar aladu a haɗe a wani wuri. Idan a cikin lokacin rani za ku iya samun ta tare da paddock na rani, to, a wasu lokuta na shekara ana ɗaukar halin da ake ciki a matsayin matattu.
- Babban “tashi a cikin maganin shafawa” irin wannan sutura: kankare abu ne mai sanyi ga matasa aladu. Ana kashe ƙarin makamashi don dumama jiki, don haka, daidaikun mutane suna samun taro a hankali. Idan an ajiye dabbobi a wurin a lokacin rani – don yanka, irin wannan bene yana da karɓa. In ba haka ba, yana buƙatar ƙarin rufin rufi ko dumama azaman wutar lantarki ko dumama ruwa.
Muhimmanci! Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙaƙa tọn na Ƙaƙwal na Ƙaƙa ) na da aka yi da shi ne babban bayani ga babban gonaki, amma idan ba ku tayar da aladu a kan ma’auni na masana’antu ba, zai fi kyau a zabi tsarin shimfidawa daban. Don kare burin 3-5, babu buƙatar fara irin wannan taron.
Yana da wuya a yi irin waɗannan benaye da kanku. Wannan tsari ne mai wahala sosai wanda ke buƙatar babban jarin kuɗi. Zai fi dacewa don siyan shingen kankare da aka shirya, kuma shirya shigarwar su ba zai zama da wahala ba.
Kankare bene
Filastik
Filastik na bene sabon salo ne a cikin shimfidar bene na noma.
Manoman alade sun yi saurin fahimtar ƙarfinsa:
- Isasshen kamfanonin da ke tsunduma cikin samar da bangarori.
- Matsakaicin farashi mai araha.
- Saurin sauƙi shigarwa.
- Sauƙaƙan sarrafa kayan abu, ƙarancin panel da juriya na zamewa.
- Don ƙirƙirar murfin filastik, ana amfani da polypropylene mai fasaha na fasaha, wanda rayuwar sabis ɗin zai iya kaiwa shekaru 15-20. Filayen ba sa buƙatar kulawa ta musamman.
- Ƙananan ƙarancin zafin jiki na kayan aiki da hygroscopicity yana tabbatar da adana zafi ta ƙasa. Irin wannan bene yana tabbatar da yanayin rayuwa mai dadi ga aladu.
- Sauƙi don tsaftacewa. Baya sha wani wari na waje.
Abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa sun haɗa da:
- An tsara don nau’ikan nau’ikan nauyi masu matsakaici. Ga manya manyan boars, irin wannan bene bai dace ba, kawai ba zai iya jure nauyi mai nauyi ba.
- Low muhalli abokantaka na kayan. Ƙungiyoyin filastik suna da ƙarin kayan aikin wucin gadi.
Peculiarity! Filastik benaye su ne manufa mafita don kiyaye girma aladu da tsotsa aladu. Irin wannan nau’in suturar kusan ba zai yiwu ba don tsarawa da kanku, ba tare da kayan aikin ƙwararru na musamman ba.
RњRμS, R ° F “P” Roes ‡ RμSЃRєRёRμ
Don irin wannan bene, ana amfani da ƙarfe ko simintin ƙarfe. Karfe don bene a cikin alade abu ne mai wuya, kodayake yana da haƙƙin wanzuwa. Musamman idan ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da wani tsarin ƙirar bene ba.
Rufin yana da fa’idodi masu mahimmanci waɗanda ya kamata a lura:
- babban juriya ga kowane lalacewa da damuwa;
- kayan ba zai iya ɗaukar danshi ko wari ba;
- dace tsaftacewa na dabe;
Babban hasara na irin wannan suturar shine cewa kusan koyaushe zai yi sanyi. Sabili da haka, ana buƙatar ƙarin ƙirar ƙirar thermal da tsarin dumama mai kyau a cikin pigsty.
Ko da yake akwai lokuta lokacin da murfin sanyi ya kasance a hannun dabbobi kawai. Alal misali, lactating gilts, wanda sau da yawa yana da yanayin jiki mai girma, irin wannan bene zai samar da sanyi mai mahimmanci. Wannan zai sauƙaƙe yanayin mace a lokacin shayarwa da kuma kwantar da hankali ga psyche na dabba.
Amma ana ba da izinin wannan kawai inda shuka yake; ga jariran da kansu, ya kamata a samar da wani wuri daban tare da bene mai dumi. Haɗin ƙasan ƙarfe da rufin filastik a saman zai zama mafi kyau. Masu sana’a na iya walƙiya firam ɗin ƙarfe da kansu, tare da wasu ƙwarewa kawai da kayan aikin da suka dace. Sannan haɗa pallet ɗin filastik.
Haɗe-haɗe
Sau da yawa ƙwararrun manoman kayan aiki ne. A kan babban yanki, ya dace don ba da kayan aikin kankare, da kuma shigar da masu ramuka a cikin yankin “gidan bayan gida”. Ya kamata a karkace benayen kankara zuwa magudanar ruwa.
Sigar da aka haɗa
M kankare benaye
Suna da wasu fa’idodi:
- kar a sha ƙamshi na waje da abubuwan ruwa;
- tsabtace ba tare da matsaloli.
Rage – high thermal watsin (garkuwar plank ko Multi-Layer tsarin iya gyara halin da ake ciki).
Katako benaye
Amfani:
Fursunoni:
- Allunan katako nan take suna kumbura kuma suna rushewa;
- sha duk dadin dandano, musamman kayan sharar gida.
Ƙasar ƙasa (na ɗan lokaci)
Yana da rashin amfani da yawa:
- ƙasa tana da sanyi;
- Bayan lokaci, ana samun cakuda ƙasa da taki;
- yana shafe fitsari;
- wahalar tsaftacewa.
A cikin ƙasa, aladu na iya tono da gudu cikin sauƙi.
kwalta kwalta
Amfanin wannan zaɓi:
- abin dogara;
- dumi;
- ba zamiya ba.
Rage – porous, laka talakawa suna da wuya a wanke daga ciki.
Kankare zuba tubali
Wasu m pluses, amma shi dai itace m ga farashin. Manoma masu wadata za su iya samun benaye masu zafi a cikin aladun, dumama ta igiyoyin lantarki ko dumama ruwa.
Kayan aiki da kayan aiki
Idan ka yanke shawarar yin benaye da kanka, kana buƙatar amfani da wasu kayan aiki kuma zaɓi kayan da suka dace. Idan kuna da wasu ilimin ka’idar da ƙwarewar aiki, ba zai yi wahala aiwatar da ra’ayin ba.
Kayan aiki don aiki
Kayan aiki
- Na’urar walda – ana buƙata don haɗa tsarin ƙarfe ɗaya ɗaya tare.
- Bulgarian – don yanke ramuka da almakashi na lantarki – a cikin galvanized zanen gado don zubar da ruwa, da kuma yanke zanen gado na girman da ake so.
- Caca – don ɗaukar ma’auni.
Kayayyaki
- Ruberoid – ana buƙata azaman kayan hana ruwa.
- Tufafin aiki – na’urar numfashi, safar hannu, kwat da wando, takalma masu dadi.
- Concrete mix – yana hidima don zubar da tushe, ko don shafa masu tara taki da aka ware daga danshi a cikin ƙasan da aka gama.
- Allunan – don aikin gine-gine a lokacin gina ginin tushe da masu karɓar taki.
- Ƙarfafawa – wajibi ne a lokacin da ake hada harsashi da ƙarfafa ganuwarsa.
Abubuwan sutura sun bambanta a cikin bambancin su.
Don samar da dabbobin gida da rayuwa mai kyau, manoma suna buƙatar yin la’akari da kowane abu a hankali lokacin gina gida don aladu. Yana da daraja nan da nan yanke shawarar akan maƙasudin ƙarshe, menene sikelin da gonar dabbobi za ta samu, menene damar kuɗi na mai shi na gaba.
Zana bene a cikin alade yana da mahimmanci …
