Dawakan Mongolian

Tun zamanin da, doki ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaban al’umma. Dawakai na nau’in Mongolian sun dade sosai kuma suna shahara, ana amfani da su sosai a cikin harkokin soja, tattalin arziki da kasuwanci. Wannan nau’in ya fi shahara a tsakiyar Asiya. Mazauna wannan yanki suna kiwon irin wadannan dawakai har yau, kuma suna amfani da su wajen harkokin tattalin arziki.

Irin dokin Mongolian

Asalin jinsi

Ba shi yiwuwa a ambaci ainihin ranar asalin jinsin – saboda ƙayyadaddun tushe. An san tabbas cewa dokin Mongolian ya fara ficewa a matsayin jinsin daban a cikin karni na XNUMX BC. Sa’an nan kuma, a cikin tsaunukan tsakiyar Asiya, gidansu kawai ya fara faruwa.

Tuni a cikin ƙarni na farko na zamaninmu, dawakai na Mongolian nau’in an haife su ta hanyar kabilun steppe. Sun yi amfani da su duka don ayyukan soja da kasuwanci.

An yi imanin cewa waɗannan dawakai sun sami kamanni na zamani a tsakiyar zamanai – a zamanin mulkin Genghis Khan da zuriyarsa. A wancan lokacin ne aka samu hadewar kabilun Mongoliya. Dawakai sun haɗu, sakamakon haka dokin Mongolian ya tsaya a matsayin wani nau’i na daban.

Magana. An yi imanin cewa nau’in Mongolian bai canza ba tun lokacin Genghis Khan – ya ci gaba da kasancewa na ainihi da tsarin jiki. Dalilin haka shi ne yanayi mai tsauri na tsaunin Mongolian. Mutane masu ƙarfi ne kawai suka tsira. A karkashin irin wannan yanayi, hayewa tare da wasu nau’ikan bai haifar da ‘ya’ya masu iya rayuwa a cikin babban steppe ba.

A Turai, waɗannan dawakai sun bayyana a cikin karni na XIII – a lokacin karkiyar Mongol.

Muhimmancin dawakai a al’adun Mongolian

A tarihi, Mongols mutane ne makiyaya. Dan Mongolian mara doki kamar mara hannu ne. A lokacin tsakiyar zamanai, kowane Mongol na kyauta yana da dawakai da yawa. Bayi ne kawai ba su da nasu dabbobi.

Tsananin yanayi na tsaunukan Mongolian da kuma rashin ƙasa mai albarka ya tilasta wa mazauna wurin yin rayuwa ta makiyaya, wanda a cikin waɗannan yanayi ba zai yiwu ba idan babu dawakai. Saboda haka, ba za su iya taimakawa ba sai dai sun dace da al’adun gida.

Tatsuniyar gargajiya ta Mongolian tatsuniyoyi ne game da salon rayuwar makiyaya, waƙoƙi game da dawakai da yaƙin neman zaɓe na soja.

Makiyaya Mongols

Wasan dawaki shine ya fi shahara a Mongoliya. Ko da a cikin karni na XNUMX, ana ba wa yara maza dawakai don ranar haihuwarsu ta uku.

Bayani

Siffofin Waje

Siffofin jiki waɗanda ke da alaƙa a cikin nau’in Mongolian:

• babban kai;
• gajeren wuyansa mai kauri;
• fadi kirji
• gajerun kafafu;
• saggy croup.

Hali

Hali mai yarda yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan wannan nau’in.

An bambanta dawakan Mongolian ta hanyar kwantar da hankula, kamewa da sadaukarwa. Duk da cewa an dade ana amfani da su a harkokin soji, hakan bai fito ba a yanayin dawakan.

Saboda natsuwar da suke da ita, har ana amfani da su wajen horar da yara a makarantun dawaki.

Intrabreed nau’in

A cikin nau’in, ana rarrabe nau’ikan nau’ikan nau’ikan:

1. Arshantsky. Yankin da aka raba shi ne iyakar arewacin Mongoliya. Siffa ta musamman ita ce ƙasa mai girman jiki.
2. Baitskiy Bred a yammacin kasar. Hakanan ana samunsa a gabashin Siberiya. Dokin Bait ya fi na Mongolian tsayi tsayi, kansa ya fi ƙanƙanta kuma wuyansa.
3. Delgerkhangai. Bred a kudu maso gabashin kasar, da kuma a kasar Sin. Wannan nau’in nau’in halitta ne da aka haifa. Siffofinsa na musamman sune babban gini, faffadan ƙirji, da tsokar tsoka.
4. Ultsinsky. Siffofin – tsokar tsokar tsokaci, gajerun gaɓoɓi, rashin ƙarfi. An rarraba nau’in a gabashin Mongoliya, Siberiya.

Dokin Mongolian

Kiwo

Kiwo dawakai a cikin takin Mongolian ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba. Halin yanayi mai tsauri, dawwamammiyar fari da iska mai ƙarfi sun samar da takamaiman musamman na kiwon dawakai.

Babban fasalin shine ci gaba da tukin dabbobi. A lokacin sanyi, lokacin da babu ciyawa, makiyaya suna ƙoƙari su ajiye a wani yanki da ke keɓe daga iska. Iskar hunturu a cikin babban steppe na iya kashe dabba, don haka dawakai suna buƙatar kariya.

A cikin bazara, lokacin da aka fitar da garken zuwa kiwo a kusa da koguna da sauran ruwa, dabbobin sun sake samun ƙarfi. Wannan lokacin ana la’akari da mafi dacewa don kiwo. Bugu da kari, suna kokarin tara mata a wannan lokaci saboda wasu dalilai. Yana da mahimmanci cewa an haifi foal a lokacin rani na gaba, lokacin da akwai isasshen abinci a cikin steppes.

Masu lafiya ne kawai aka yarda su hayayyafa. Godiya ga wannan, nau’in ya kasance ɗayan mafi ƙarfi, mafi ƙarfi da wayo na dubban shekaru. Har ila yau, shekarun dabbobi yana da mahimmanci – daga shekaru 3 zuwa 10. A wannan lokacin, suna ba da mafi lafiya da ƙarfi zuriya.

Amfani da dawakan Mongolian

Ana amfani da dokin Mongolian:

1. A harkar noma. An yi amfani da shi don matsar da makiyayi a kan dogon nesa.
2. A cikin wasanni. Wasan tseren dawakai ya shahara a Mongoliya, musamman na dogon zango – fiye da kilomita 25.
3. A matsayin abin hawa. A cikin wajen Mongoliya, wannan ita ce abin hawa da aka fi sani.

Magana. A cikin 2010, adadin dawakai a Mongolia ya kasance daidai da yawan jama’ar ƙasar – miliyan 2.5.

A Mongoliya ta zamani, a hankali jama’a suna barin hawan doki. Ana shimfida hanyoyi a kasar, kuma shaharar sauran hanyoyin sufuri – motoci, babura, bas – na karuwa. Duk da haka, dokin har yanzu amintaccen abokin Mongol ne, musamman ma a bayansa.