Kustanai doki iri

Irin dokin Kustanai sun fito ne daga Kazakhstan. Tarihinsa ya fara ne a ƙarshen karni na 19, lokacin da ake buƙatar dawakai na yaƙi da sojoji. Jinin Don, Streltsy da Thoroughbred nau’in hawan hawan yana gudana a cikin jijiyoyin waɗannan dabbobin. A yau, ‘yan sanda na amfani da dawakan Kustanai don yin sintiri a kan titunan biranen da kuma nuna kyakkyawan sakamako a wasanni.

Kustanai dawakai

Asalin da ci gaban irin

An bambanta dawakan Kazakh na gida da juriya kuma sun dace da yanayin yankin Turgai, inda lokacin sanyi ke da zafi sosai kuma lokacin bazara yana da zafi sosai. A cikin wannan yanki, iska mai sanyi kullum tana kadawa, kuma zafi yana kan matsayi mai girma. Dawakan Kazakhstan cikin sauƙi sun jure irin waɗannan yanayi, amma a wasu fannoni ba su cika ka’idojin dawakan yaƙi ba. A wannan batun, an yanke shawarar inganta nau’in.

A cikin 1887, an buɗe wuraren zaman jama’a 2 – Turgai da Kustanai, kuma bayan shekaru 3 – Orenburg. Waɗannan gonakin ingarma sun sayi kantunan ingarma na irin waɗannan nau’ikan:

• Kalmyk;
• Don;
• doki sosai;
• streltsy.

Ketare mares na Kazakh tare da dawakan masana’anta bai ba da sakamakon da ake tsammani ba. Sakamakon zuriyar da aka raba ba su dace da yanayin gida ba. Sa’an nan kuma, a cikin 1898, an shirya wani wurin kiwo, inda aka fara kiwon dawakan Kazakh na gida mai tsabta, inda aka zaɓi mafi kyawun mutane don ƙarin aikin kiwo. Foals tun suna yara an koya musu kiwo abun ciki.

An ketare mafi kyawun mareyi tare da tururuwa na layin Streltsy da Don, kuma zuriyarsu an shayar da su da jinin dawakai masu tsayi. Crossbreeds da aka samu ta wannan hanyar sun cika ka’idodin da aka bayyana – suna da jiki mai girma da kuma gaɓoɓi masu ƙarfi, kuma an bambanta su ta hanyar motsi masu amfani.

A cikin 1920, gidan gandun daji ya canza zuwa gonar ingarma ta Kustanai, inda aikin zaɓi ya ci gaba. An yi rajistar nau’in a cikin 1951.

Bayanin dokin Kustanai

An bayyana halaye da ma’auni masu zuwa don wannan nau’in:

• girma daga 1,55 zuwa 1,6 m;
• tsayin dakakkiyar jiki dole ne ya wuce 1,56 m;
• tsawon sa’a daya – 20 cm;
• kirjin kirji – akalla 1.8 m.

Halayen iri

Hankali! Baya ga babba, akwai ƙarin nau’ikan dawakan Kustanai guda 2 – steppe da hawa. Na farko yana da girma. Halayen kakannin Don sun fi yawa a cikin kwayoyin halittar wadannan dawakai. Wakilan nau’i na biyu sun fi sauƙi da sauri, sun fi mayar da hankali ga dabi’un kwayoyin halitta na kakannin Ingilishi na tsabta.

Siffofin waje:

• bushe jiki;
• ƙananan kai na siffar yau da kullum tare da madaidaicin bayanin martaba;
• manyan idanu masu duhu;
• bushe wuyan matsakaici tsawon;
• madaidaicin ma’auni;
• gaɓoɓin jiki suna da ƙarfi, ƙarfi;
• kirji mai zurfi;
• croup m, m, tsoka;
• Launuka masu rinjaye a cikin nau’in sune bay, ja, roan, baki.

Amfani na zamani

Babban wuraren kiwo na dawakan Kustanai a yau shine gonar ingarma a Krasnodar da kuma ƙauyen Sarytorgai, wanda ke cikin yankin Atyrous na Kazakhstan. Littafin kabilanci ya ƙunshi juzu’i 3. Ya ƙunshi nau’ikan dawakai na intrabreed, kuma ya ƙunshi cikakkun bayanai game da iyalai 6 da zuriyar kakanni 5.

A yau wadannan dawakai ‘yan sandan Kazakhstan ne ke amfani da su. Jami’an tsaro na sintiri a kan titunan biranen da ke cike da cunkoson jama’a, inda suke tafiya a kan dawakan Kustanai, saboda sun tabbatar da cewa su dabbobi ne masu tauri da sauri. A lokacin tseren da aka shirya a cikin 2013, wakilan wannan nau’in sun zama masu nasara.

Dawakai na layin nau’in Kustanai sune abin alfahari na kasa na Kazakhstan. Waɗannan dabbobi ne masu tauri, masu ƙarfi, marasa ƙima da biyayya, waɗanda suka dace da yanayin yanayi mara kyau. Masana kimiyya na shirin zuba irin jinin dawakan Larabawa nan gaba kadan domin inganta shi.

Marubuci: Olga Samoilova