Yadda ake girma gourd na Benincasa: dasa shuki da fasali

Benincasa ko gourd kakin zuma shine amfanin gona na shekara-shekara, wanda aka fi sani da shi a yankunan kudancin kasar. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari sun ƙunshi abubuwa masu amfani da yawa, suna da dandano mai kyau kuma ana iya adana su na dogon lokaci. Za ku koyi game da wasu fa’idodin kayan lambu da yadda ake shuka shi yayin karanta wannan labarin.

Kabewa Benincasa

Benincasa yana da fa’idodin kiwon lafiya da yawa

Ana iya adana Benincasa na dogon lokaci a wuri mai sanyi da duhu.

Asalin

Benincasa wani nau’in kabewa ne daban kuma yana cikin amfanin gona irin na inabi. Kudu maso gabashin Asiya ana daukarta a matsayin mahaifarsa, amma a yau ya sami karbuwa a yawancin ƙasashe masu dumi kuma a hankali yana yaduwa zuwa kudancin kasarmu. Kayan lambu yana da daraja don kayan magani da kuma tsawon rai.

Bayani

Babban halayen su ne:

• mai tushe. Bakin ciki, ya kai tsayin 4 m. An rufe shi da ganye masu matsakaici.
• Fure Yana fure da kyau sosai – a lokaci guda manyan furannin lemu da yawa waɗanda ke da ƙanshi mai daɗi sun bayyana.
• ‘Ya’yan itace. Lokacin ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau, zaku iya shuka kayan lambu masu nauyi har zuwa kilogiram 10. Suna da siffar oblong da koren tint. Daga sama an rufe su da murfin kakin zuma da ƙananan villi waɗanda ke yin aikin kariya.
• Ruwan ruwa Kodi fari. Juicy, yana da ɗanɗano mai daɗi tare da ɗanɗano kaɗan.

Babban halaye na kabewa Benincasa:

Lokacin tsiro, kwanaki

Nauyin ‘ya’yan itace, kg Lokacin dasa shuki don seedlings, watan Lokacin dasawa cikin ƙasa, watan Lokacin shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa, wata

Yawan aiki, ‘ya’yan itatuwa daga daji

80

4-5
4-5
5-6
5-6

12

Kuna iya ƙarin koyo game da fasali da kaddarorin gourd na Benincasa yayin kallon bidiyon da ke ƙasa:

Abubuwan Amfani

‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari na Benincasa sun ƙunshi yawancin bitamin da abubuwan gina jiki, don haka sau da yawa ana amfani da kabewa don dalilai na magani. Ba wai kawai ɓangaren litattafan almara ba, har ma da kwasfa, tsaba, ganye suna da kaddarorin magani.

Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da gourd kakin zuma don ciwon sukari, cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan gastrointestinal.

Menene amfanin:

• yana inganta aikin gastrointestinal tract;
• normalizes metabolism, wanda ke sauƙaƙe asarar nauyi;
• yana da tasirin diuretic, yana taimakawa wajen yaki da hawan jini;
• yana kawar da wuce haddi cholesterol daga jiki;
• yana da tasirin antipyretic;
• yana ƙara ayyukan kariya na jiki;
• yana wanke jiki daga gubobi, musamman tare da gubar barasa;
• yana rage nauyi akan tsarin zuciya;
• yana kawar da kumburi;
• Ana amfani da kakin zuma a cikin cosmetology.

Yadda ake girma?

Akwai fasali da yawa na girma gourds kakin zuma.

Ta hanyar seedlings

A cikin Arewa da yankunan tsakiya, ana shuka kayan lambu a cikin seedlings.

Lokaci da hanyar shuka

Ana shuka tsaba don seedlings kwanaki 25-30 kafin dasa shuki zuwa wuri na dindindin.

Abin da za a yi:

• shirya akwati don dasa shuki, zai fi dacewa tukwane peat;
• cika su da ƙasa don seedlings;
• yi rami a cikin ƙasa, zurfin 1-2 cm;
• sauke tsaba 2 a cikin kowane rami;
• yayyafa da ƙasa;
• zuba ruwa a dakin da zafin jiki;
• canja wurin tukwane zuwa taga sill na kudu.

Bayan germination, mai rauni sprout an yanka a hankali tare da almakashi.

Yanayi don girma

Domin seedlings suyi girma da kyau, wajibi ne:

• Zazzabi. Kula a cikin digiri 25. Kafin tsiro ya bayyana, samar da ƙarin rufin thermal. Don yin wannan, rufe tukwane tare da fim mai haske.
• Ruwa. Yi wannan tare da kwalban fesa. Fesa tsire-tsire akai-akai daga lokacin dasa shuki yayin da ƙasa ta bushe.
• Taurare. Mako 1 kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, yakamata a fitar da tsire-tsire a waje kuma a bar su tsawon sa’o’i 3-4 don ba su damar dacewa da yanayin yanayi.

Dasawa cikin ƙasa

Shuka tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance kusa da farkon Yuni, lokacin da yanayin waje ya kasance mai dumi. Hakanan zaka iya dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse, inda ake kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a 25-30 digiri. Wannan hanya ta dace da yankuna masu sanyi, inda noman kayan lambu masu son zafi zai yiwu ne kawai a cikin greenhouse.

Yadda za a yi:

• zuba tafasasshen ruwa akan gado;
• tono ramuka a nesa na 70-100 cm daga juna;
• a hankali dasa seedlings, tare da tukunyar peat;
• ciyawa gadon tare da foliage da humus.

Shiri na gadaje

Ya kamata ku tuna da waɗannan dokoki lokacin zabar wurin dasa shuki kabewa:

Shuka tsaba a cikin bude ƙasa

Yanayin zafin ƙasa lokacin dasa shuki ya kamata ya zama aƙalla digiri 10. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da wannan hanyar a wuraren da yanayi mai zafi.

odar sauka:

• karya makircin cikin layuka;
• a cikin kowane jere, tono ramuka 4 cm zurfi (bi tsarin, kamar lokacin dasa shuki);
• dauki 2 tsaba;
• sanya su a cikin kowane rami;
• yayyafa da bakin ciki Layer (kimanin 2 cm) na ƙasa ko peat;
• zuba;
• bayan germination, tsunkule kashe mafi rauni sprout.

Kulawa

Kar a manta game da ka’idodin fasahar noma.

Ruwa

Shawarwari sune kamar haka:

• Yawanci. Nan da nan bayan abin zamba, kuna buƙatar shayar da tsire-tsire kowace rana. Bayan mako 1, zaku iya rage yawan mitar zuwa sau 2 a cikin kwanaki 7.
• Zazzabi. Ruwa don ban ruwa ya kamata ya zama dumi, kimanin digiri 20. Ruwan sanyi na iya kashe kayan lambu.
• Lokaci. Zai fi kyau a kawo ruwa da yamma, lokacin da zafi ya ragu. Idan ka yi haka da rana, ɓawon burodi zai yi a ƙasa, kuma idan ruwa ya hau kan ganye, zai iya bushewa.
• Adadin Shuka 1 yana buƙatar kimanin lita 5 na ruwa.
• Hanya. Zuba ruwa a ƙarƙashin tushen, guje wa fallasa su.

Ciyarwa

Menene dokoki:

• Abun ciki. Kuna iya shirya cakuda ammonium nitrate, ammophos da potassium sulfate a cikin rabo na 2 zuwa 4 zuwa 2. Dole ne a ƙara cakuda da aka gama zuwa lita 10 na ruwa. 1 shuka yana lissafin lita 4.
• Yawanci. A lokacin girma, wajibi ne a yi aƙalla 2 riguna – bayan bayyanar ganye na 4 da samuwar lashes.

Samuwar shrub

Ga wasu shawarwari don taimaka muku shuka kabewa:

• samuwar zai zama mafi dacewa idan kun sanya trellis akan shafin;
• kuna buƙatar jagorantar sojojin haɓaka zuwa tushe 1, saboda wannan an cire duk harbe-harbe;
• tsakiyar tushe yana pinched bayan bayyanar 3-4 ovaries.

Pollination

Yawanci za’ayi da ƙudan zuma. Amma idan saboda wasu dalilai da wuya su zo wurin ko kabewa ke tsiro a cikin greenhouse, zaka iya yin shi da hannu.

Ayyuka:

• zabi rana mai dumi;
• aiwatar da hanya da safe;
• ɗauki goga mai laushi kuma tattara pollen daga furen “namiji” tare da shi;
• kawo zuwa furen “mace” kuma aiwatar da pollination.

Kwari da kula da cututtuka

Parasites masu haɗari ga Benincasa sune:

• Kankana kahon. Yana cutar da ovaries da ganye, yana sa su murƙushe su rube.

  Yana farawa ne saboda yawan ciyawa a wurin, don haka kuna buƙatar kula da weeding. Hakanan zaka iya fesa kabewa tare da maganin sabulu mai ƙarancin hankali.

• Spider mite. Yana tsotsa ruwan ‘ya’yan itace daga ganyen kabewa, sannan ya rufe su da layin cobwebs, wanda ke kaiwa ga mutuwa.

  Albasa da tafarnuwa infusions taimaka daga kaska.

Cututtuka masu yiwuwa sun haɗa da:

• Tushen rube. Cutar fungal wanda ke shafar shuka daga tushen. Sakamakon shine cikakken bacewa.

  Don kauce wa ci gaban cutar zai taimaka wajen sarrafa yawa da ingancin watering, yawan ciyarwa.

• Powdery mildew. Alamomin farko na cutar sune wuraren haske a saman shuka, wanda sannu a hankali ya shiga cikin 1. Sakamakon ci gaba shine mutuwar shuka.

  Naman gwari na iya zama a cikin ƙasa, don haka kuna buƙatar:

  • a hankali tono gado;
  • rage adadin takin nitrogen (kwayoyin halitta) da ake amfani da su da kuma ƙara takin mai magani na phosphorus-potassium;
  • don lura da jujjuyawar amfanin gona;
  • spraying tare da tincture na hay yana taimakawa.
• Musa. Yana bayyana azaman tabo masu launuka iri-iri akan saman ganyen.

  Ana ɗaukar cutar ta kwari, don haka kuna buƙatar kare shuka daga gare su a gaba ta hanyar bi da shi tare da maganin kwari, alal misali, Fitoverm. Ga wadanda ba sa son amfani da sinadarai, ana iya ba da shawara ga fesa jiko na husk ɗin albasa. An shirya a cikin adadin 200 g na albarkatun kasa da 1 guga na ruwa.

Girbi da adana amfanin gona

Abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da shi:

• Lokaci. Zai fi kyau girbi kafin lokacin sanyi.
• Hanyar tattarawa. Dole ne a yanke ‘ya’yan itatuwa a hankali tare da almakashi ko wuka, yayin da ake kula da lafiyar kullun.
• Tsara Nan da nan bayan girbi, kayan lambu suna buƙatar warwarewa. Don ajiya na dogon lokaci, kawai cikakke cikakke pumpkins sun dace, wanda babu lalacewa. Duk abin da ya fi kyau a yi amfani da shi nan gaba kadan ko a yanka a cikin guda kuma a daskare.
• Tsanaki. Babu yadda za a yi a wanke kakin zuma a saman ’ya’yan itacen ko kuma a wanke shi, saboda godiyar ta ne cewa ana iya adana kabewa na dogon lokaci.
• Sharuɗɗa. Baya buƙatar yanayin ajiya na musamman. Ya isa a sanya shi a wuri mai sanyi da duhu.

Ana iya adana kabewar Benincasa a gida, a cikin daki, muddin ba a fallasa shi ga hasken rana kai tsaye.

Fa’idodi da rashin amfani

Babban fa’idodin al’ada sune:

• Adana. Ana iya adana har zuwa shekaru 2.
• Abun iya tafiya. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari ba tare da asarar halayen kasuwa ba suna jure sufuri.
• Matakan Agrotechnical. Ba su da bambanci da kula da sauran amfanin gona na kabewa.
• Ku ɗanɗani halaye. Ana iya cinye Benincasa danye ko dafa shi. Yana da gwangwani, ana shirya miya, hatsi, dankali mai dankali. ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari suna yin kayan zaki masu amfani sosai.
• kayan ado Properties. Ana iya girma a matsayin kayan ado na lambu.

Mummunan abu kawai shine rashin iya noman kayan lambu a fili na yankunan Arewa. Ba sa jure sanyi da kyau kuma suna iya mutuwa a yanayin zafi ƙasa -4.

Sharhi

Don ƙarin koyo game da gourd kakin zuma, sake dubawa na mutanen da suka riga sun girma irin wannan amfanin gona zasu taimaka:

Elena, shekaru 56. Na yi dasa Benincasa shekara ta 2. amfanin gona na bara ya kwanta a cikin cellar kusan har sai bazara kuma bai rasa bayyanarsa da dandano ba. Yana da zafi a yankinmu a lokacin rani, don haka muna gudanar da samun girbi mai kyau. Babban abu shine ruwa da takin akan lokaci. Ivan, mai shekaru 61. Matata ta fara noman Benincasa bayan karanta cewa ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa tsarin zuciya. Yanzu muna shuka kowace shekara. Ba zan iya cewa komai game da kayan magani ba, amma ina matukar son dandano, har ma danye zan iya ci. Kuma matar ta ce ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna inganta jin dadi tare da hauhawar jini. Maria, mai shekaru 48.Na koyi game da Benincasa kabewa daga makwabcinmu. Ina matukar son kyawawan furannin da suka bayyana a shafinta. Yanzu ni kaina na shuka waɗannan kayan lambu don dalilai na ado. A matsayin kari, Ina samun manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa waɗanda za a iya ƙarawa a cikin miya da gwangwani don hunturu.

Ana iya kallon bitar bidiyo na nau’in kabewa na Benincasa a cikin bidiyo mai zuwa:

Kafin girma gourd kakin zuma, kana buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi masu dacewa don al’ada. Kula da yanayin iska da haske, shirya ƙasa kuma ɗaukar matakan hana kwari. Wannan ita ce hanya daya tilo don shuka manyan ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu dadi.