Kabewa Therapeutic yana daya daga cikin mafi amfani da kuma dadi irin gourds. Abubuwan warkarwa suna taimakawa tsaftacewa da sabunta jiki. Ko da lambun novice na iya girma kabewa na magani, iri-iri ba ya buƙatar yanayi na musamman kuma, tare da kulawa mai kyau, yana kawo girbi mai yawa.
Kabewa Magani
Maganin kabewa ba shi da buƙatar kulawa
Maganin kabewa yana da dandano mai kyau
Kabewa Magani: description da kuma halaye
Kabewa ya sami sunan sa saboda yawan abun ciki na bitamin E, B1 da B2. Ya kuma ƙunshi carotene da fiber, sukari.
Babban halayen kabewa Magani:
- Lalashin shuka ba su da tsayi sosai, amma lokacin farin ciki. Shrubs na kananan tsawo, zagaye mai tushe, ba ribbed. Ganyen suna kore, manya, ba su da yanke. Tushen yana da siffar silinda.
- Furannin kabewa rawaya ne tare da furanni 5. An kafa ovaries ne kawai akan inflorescences na mace, ‘ya’yan itacen suna da girma, nauyin daya ya kai kilogiram 5, wani lokacin ya kai 8 kg.
- ‘Ya’yan itãcen marmari sun ɗan daidaita su a bangarorin biyu. Launi – kore mai haske ko launin toka mai haske, akwai ƙayyadaddun tsari a fili a cikin nau’i na grid mai duhu.
- Naman yana da haske orange, taushi da kuma m. Kamshin shine halayyar kabewa. Kowane ‘ya’yan itace yana da ramuka 3 tare da fararen tsaba waɗanda ake son shuka.
- Kabewa na magani na daga farkon ripening iri-iri. Ana iya girbe ‘ya’yan itatuwa na farko a ranar 100th bayan shuka hatsi.
- An bambanta iri-iri ta babban yawan aiki – kusan kilogiram 1 na amfanin gona za a iya girbe daga shuka 18. Kimanin kabewa 1-3 suna girma akan daji 4.
Daban-daban fasali
Babban fasalin kabewa na wannan iri-iri shine ‘ya’yan itace. Sun shahara da wadataccen launi mai launin kore na fata, an rufe su da farin farin ciki. Saboda wannan siffa, ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna kama da m. Wani abin da ya bambanta shi ne juriya ga canje-canjen yanayin zafi na iska, don haka ana iya shuka kabewa a buɗaɗɗen ƙasa har ma a yankunan arewacin ƙasar.
Kwari da juriya na cututtuka
Immunity shine matsakaici, shuka ba ta da tsayayya ga cututtukan fungal. Reviews na yawancin mazauna rani sun nuna cewa nau’in kabewa na magani yana fama da rot. Har ila yau, abokan gaba na iri-iri sune powdery mildew da anthracnose.
Fa’idodi da rashin amfani
Magungunan kabewa, kamar sauran nau’ikan, yana da ribobi da fursunoni, dole ne a la’akari da su lokacin girma wannan shuka.
Amfanin Kabewa:
- juriya sanyi;
- juriya ga canje-canjen zafin jiki kwatsam;
- rashin kulawa;
- yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- kyakkyawan dandano da iyakar amfani da ɓangaren litattafan almara;
- daji mai matsakaici, bi da bi, ana iya girma da tsire-tsire masu yawa akan shafin;
- dogon shiryayye rai.
Rashin Amfanin Maganin Kabewa:
- matsakaicin rigakafi;
- buƙatun akan abun da ke ciki na ƙasa.
Siffofin girma kabewa
Babban fasali na girma wannan iri-iri:
- Duk da juriya na sanyi, kabewa yana son rana da zafi, don haka dasa shi a wuraren da aka kunna. A cikin fall, tono ƙasa kuma a tsabtace ta daga tarkace iri-iri, gami da tushen ciyawa da ciyayi.
- Don 1 sq. m, ƙara 5-7 kilogiram na taki mai lalacewa. A cikin yanayin babban acidity na ƙasa, ƙara bushe lemun tsami ko ash. Ƙasa mai nauyi tana buƙatar yashi.
- A lokacin bazara, daidaita ƙasa tare da rake kuma share ciyawa. Don 1 sq m, ƙara 30 g na superphosphate da 25 g na urea, zuba gadaje tare da bayani mai zafi na jan karfe sulfate (0,5 tablespoons da 5 lita na ruwa).
- Matsakaicin zafin jiki na ƙasa don girma kabewa shine digiri +12. Tare da wannan alamar, ana iya dasa kabewa mai warkarwa, amma yana da kyau cewa yawan zafin jiki na iska ya kai digiri +24, to, ƙasa za ta yi zafi sosai.
- Tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, kabewa yana daina girma, kuma ya dawo girma a farkon rana da rana mai dumi.
- Don haɓaka haɓakar tsire-tsire, ya kamata ku yi ƙaramin greenhouse.
- Kuna iya amfani da hanyar seedling na girma, sannan ana canza kwanakin shuka ta makonni 3 (kimanin farkon Afrilu).
Germination na tsaba
Ba shi yiwuwa a dasa iri nan da nan a cikin ƙasa, kuna buƙatar aiwatarwa da taurare shi da farko. Germination na iri yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 2-3, bayan duk hanyoyin, shuka zai tsiro da sauri.
Algorithm don shirya tsaba don dasa shuki:
- Jiƙa iri a cikin ruwan dumi na tsawon awanni 2.
- Saka tsaba a cikin damp cheesecloth kuma sanya shi a wuri mai dumi.
- A wannan yanayin, adana hatsi har sai sun fara ƙyanƙyashe.
- Tabbatar cewa gauze bai bushe ba.
Shuka tsaba a cikin bude ƙasa
Tabbatar dasa tsaba a cikin ƙasa a zazzabi da bai ƙasa da + 12 … + 15 digiri, in ba haka ba tsaba ba za su fara girma ba.
Algorithm na shuka iri:
- Tono ramuka mai zurfi 0,3 m. Sanya 10 cm humus ko ruɓaɓɓen taki a ƙasa. Cika sauran sararin da ƙasa.
- Tsarin shuka: 60 * 80 cm.
- Shuka tsaba 3 a cikin rami, amma nesa da juna. Zurfafa zuriyar farko ta 5 cm, na biyu ta 7 cm kuma na uku ta 9 cm.
- Shayar da ramukan.
- Rufe gadaje tare da fim, cire shi mako guda bayan da tsaba suka girma.
- Cire harbe masu rauni, bar shuka ɗaya a kowane hutu.
Girma seedlings
Wajibi ne don shuka tsaba na kabewa don seedlings akan Afrilu 20-30, kuma a baya. Duk ya dogara da yanayin yanayin yankin ku. Seedlings ana canjawa wuri zuwa bude ƙasa bayan makonni 2.
Al’adun gourd ba ya yarda da karba, don haka dole ne a shuka shi nan da nan a cikin tukwane daban. Kuna iya amfani da kwantena daban-daban, misali, daga ruwan ‘ya’yan itace, kwalabe na filastik, kofuna ko allunan peat.
Seedling girma algorithm:
- Suman Therapeutic yana da matukar wuya a kan abun da ke ciki na ƙasa, yana son m, amma ƙasa maras kyau. Kuna iya amfani da cakuda da aka saya don gourds.
- Idan kuna da dama, to, ku shirya ƙasa da kanku: 1 part ƙasa lambu + 1 part humus + 0,5 sassa yashi. Don guga 1 na wannan cakuda, ƙara gilashin ash da ɗan ƙaramin superphosphate (1 tablespoon).
- Dole ne a sami magudanar ruwa a cikin tukwane, su ne yashi mai laushi, sauran suna cike da ƙasa da aka shirya. Bi da tukwane don seedlings, ƙasa da magudanar ruwa tare da cikakken bayani na potassium permanganate. Zurfafa hatsi da 3-5 cm.
- Don sanya tsaba suyi girma da sauri, fesa su da ruwan dumi sau 2-3 a mako.
- Kauce wa shuke-shuke fiye da iska.
- Da zaran ‘ya’yan da ke cikin tukunyar suka tsiro, sai a datse mai rauni kuma a bar shuka ɗaya mai ƙarfi.
- Don saurin germination, zafin iska bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa +27 digiri ba. Mako guda bayan bayyanar sprouts, an saukar da shi zuwa +18 digiri.
Seedlings ana ciyar da sau 1 kawai. Yi amfani da Nitrophoska ko taki kaza da aka diluted da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1:10.
Dasawa seedlings a cikin bude ƙasa
A lokacin dasa shuki, ganye na gaske 3 yakamata su bayyana akan tsiro. Ƙananan internodes suna magana game da ingancin shuka. Kwanaki 7 kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, tsire-tsire suna taurare, saboda wannan ana fitar da su cikin iska mai daɗi kowace rana.
Don dasawa seedlings:
- Tona ramuka a cikin tsarin abin dubawa (60 * 80 cm). Sanya lita 1 na maganin zubar da tsuntsu a kowace rijiya.
- Shuka shuka 1 a kowane rami.
- Kada ku zurfafa tushen abin wuya.
- Ruwa da ruwan dumi ta amfani da hanyar ruwan sama.
- Mako guda bayan dasawa, rufe sprouts tare da fim.
Yadda za a kula da kabewa?
Maganin kabewa yana nufin tsire-tsire waɗanda ba su da buƙatar kulawa. Don samun girbi mai girma, ya kamata ku bi ma’auni, amma dokoki masu mahimmanci don girma wannan gourd.
Shayarwa da ciyarwa
Babban taron don kula da kabewa shine na yau da kullum da kuma shayarwa mai kyau. Kabewa, kamar famfo, yana fitar da duk danshi daga ƙasa kuma yana jiran “bangare” na gaba. Ruwa yana ƙafe ta cikin ganyen, don haka saiwoyi da mai tushe ba sa samun isashensa.
Fitar da ruwan a gaba ga rana, zafinsa bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da digiri +20 ba. Shayar da ruwan sanyi shine mutuwar kabewa. Bayan gabatarwar danshi, wajibi ne don sassauta ƙasa kuma, kamar yadda weeds suka bayyana, cire su.
Idan lokacin bazara ya juya ya zama bushe sosai, to ana shayar da shuka sau da yawa kafin fure.
Al’adun guna ba zai yi ba tare da takin mai magani ba, in ba haka ba ba za ku sami ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu girma ba. Tufafin farko na kabewa – bayan bayyanar ganye na 5, na biyu – bayan samuwar wattle, sa’an nan kuma ƙara abubuwa masu amfani a cikin ƙasa kowane mako 2.
Nitrophoska (10 g a kowace shuka 1) tana aiki azaman taki, tare da kowane ciyarwar nitrophoska na gaba yana ƙaruwa da 5 g. Kuna iya amfani da busassun granules ko tsarma samfurin. A lokacin lokacin ‘ya’yan itace, ƙara ƙarin 1 kofin ash. Yi amfani da maganin mullein a duk lokacin girma.
Sako da sako-sako
Har sai gefen gefen ya bayyana, sassauta ƙasa akai-akai kuma cire duk weeds. Da zaran tsire-tsire suka fara rarrafe tare da ƙasa, bai kamata su damu ba, in ba haka ba mai tushe zai karye da sauri. Weeding ya kamata a da za’ayi a lokaci guda kamar watering. Sakewa yana taimakawa iskar oxygen don gudana cikin yardar kaina zuwa tushen tsarin.
Girbi
An girbe shi a ƙarshen Agusta ko farkon Satumba, komai kai tsaye ya dogara da yanayin yanayi a yankin. Ana yin tsaftacewa da hannu. Wajibi ne a shirya wuka ko pruner, yanke ‘ya’yan itace kusa da petiole, barin wutsiya game da 10 cm.
Cututtuka da kwari
Maganin kabewa yana da rauni mai rauni ga cututtukan fungal, don rage haɗarin faruwar su, dole ne a fesa tsire-tsire sau ɗaya a mako tare da raunin potassium permanganate.
Mafi hatsarin cututtuka su ne: rot rot, farin rot da powdery mildew. Idan kabewa ya kamu da cutar, to, yi amfani da ruwa na Bordeaux ko sinadarai na musamman a matsayin yaƙi. Itacen yana cikin nau’in da ba a kula da shi ba – nan da nan ya tono kuma ya ƙone, kuma ya aiwatar da shuke-shuke makwabta.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa a cikin girma
Girman kabewa ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba, kuma wasu mazauna lokacin rani marasa kwarewa suna yin kuskure da yawa waɗanda ke da wuya a gyara daga baya.
Babban matsalolin da ke tasowa lokacin girma kabewa na magani:
- Tsaba da raunana seedlings ba su germinate. Dalilin shine shayarwa da ruwan sanyi ko sanya tukwane tare da seedlings (tsaba) a cikin daftarin aiki.
- Jinkirta girma da ci gaba. Dalili ya yi yawa matalauta ƙasa mara haihuwa. Maganin ita ce takin ƙasa.
- An kafa ƙananan adadin ovaries. Dalili kuwa shine rashin gurbataccen yanayi ko rashinsa. Maganin shine a fesa bushes da ruwa mai dadi ko kai-pollinate inflorescences mace tare da furanni maza.
- Dogayen ‘ya’yan itace ripening. Dalili kuwa shine ‘ya’yan itatuwa suna cikin inuwar ganyen nasu. Maganin shine a cire ganye daga kabewa.
- Shuka yana samar da ganye mai yawa da ‘ya’yan itatuwa kaɗan. Dalilin shine babban adadin sutura. Maganin shine a daina taki.
Tips daga gogaggen lambu
Babban shawarwari don girma curative kabewa daga gogaggen lambu:
- Yi amfani da humus ko bambaro a matsayin ciyawa. Layer na waɗannan kayan yana kare tushen tsarin tsire-tsire daga mummunan yanayin yanayi kuma yana hana ciyawa girma. Har ila yau, tare da ciyawa shine bayyanar tsutsotsi na ƙasa a cikin kayan abinci na gina jiki, suna sassauta ƙasa.
- Kafin samuwar inflorescences, shayar da tsire-tsire tare da hanyar ruwan sama, sannan ƙara danshi kawai a ƙarƙashin tushen. Da zaran ‘ya’yan itatuwa sun bayyana, daina shayarwa.
- Daga ‘ya’yan itatuwa masu lalacewa, kayan aikin itace suna taimakawa.
- Ana yayyafa babban tushe a wuri guda tare da ƙasa. Wannan yana taimakawa sabbin tushen su bayyana da sauri kuma su sami gindin zama a ƙasa.
Bita na Bidiyo na Warkar Kabewa, duba bidiyon mai zuwa:
Jawabin Manomi
Olga, mai shekaru 62, ma’aikacin laburare, Valuyki. Na fi shekaru 8 ina noman kabewa na magani a kasar. Kyakkyawan iri-iri – mara kyau a cikin kulawa kuma ya shahara saboda yawan amfanin ƙasa. Na lura da koma baya ɗaya – yana buƙatar taki mai yawa. Amma don kada in sha wahala tare da takin, Ina shuka tsire-tsire kai tsaye a kan ramin takin. Suman girma da dadi da m, an adana su na dogon lokaci. Girbin da aka samu daga tsire-tsire biyu ya isa ga dukan iyalin. Oleg, mai shekaru 39, manajan, Moscow. Kabewa Medical – mafi fi so iri-iri. Ina son ‘ya’yan itatuwanta, iri ɗaya ne kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hotuna da yawa. Ruwan ruwan ‘ya’yan itace yana da ɗanɗano, akwai ƙananan tsaba, amma suna da daɗi sosai. Galina K
Gourn magani mai daɗi! Kuma mafi mahimmanci – an adana shi na dogon lokaci, amma har yanzu ban ga mafi kyawun Marble ba …
Kabewa…
