Teschen cuta a cikin aladu

Cutar Teschen na aladu cuta ce mai hatsarin kamuwa da cuta wacce ke shafar kananan dabbobi masu shekaru 1 zuwa watanni 3 na rayuwa. A yayin ci gabanta, cutar tana haifar da lalacewa ga tsarin jijiya na dabbobi, wanda kumburin kwakwalwa da kashin baya ya bayyana. Za a iya gano sakamako mai kisa tare da irin wannan mamayewa a cikin 30-50% na lokuta.

alade mara lafiya

Wakilin haddasawa

Masana kimiyya sun yi nasarar gano abin da ke haifar da cutar Teschen ba da dadewa ba, saboda ƙarancin yaduwar cutar. An gano nau’i na musamman na picornavirus a rabi na biyu na karni na 30. Yana da ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin zagaye tare da diamita wanda bai wuce XNUMX nm ba. Wannan iyali na enteroviruses, lokacin da ya shiga cikin jiki, nan da nan ya zauna a cikin kyallen takarda na tsarin juyayi, yana haifar da cin zarafi na ayyukansa da lalata a hankali.

Saboda tsari na musamman da harsashi mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ƙwayoyin cuta suna nuna babban juriya ga tasirin waje. A cikin yanayin acidic tare da ƙimar pH na 3 zuwa 9, kaddarorin virion a zahiri ba sa canzawa. Sai kawai tare da karuwa a cikin ƙimar pH zuwa darajar 11,8 za a iya rage tashin hankali na kamuwa da cuta ta sau 2.

Kwayar cutar kuma ba ta da tasiri ta wasu kaushi na lipid daban-daban. Karkashin tasirin zafi, kwayar cutar tana rayuwa:

• 1 shekara – a cikin kewayon zafin jiki daga 0 zuwa 4 digiri;
• 15-17 kwanaki – lokacin da aka fallasa zuwa zazzabi na digiri 37;
• Minti 15 – lokacin da darajar ta tashi zuwa digiri 60;
• Minti 10 – tare da karuwa a zazzabi zuwa digiri 70;
• a lokacin da gaba daya daskarewa, aikin virion ya ci gaba har tsawon shekaru da yawa.

Hankali! Ana iya lalata kwayoyin cutar ta hanyar bushewa da sauri ko kuma ta hanyar kamuwa da ether, wanda kwayar cutar ba ta da ƙarfi.

Tushen cutar

Gabaɗaya, ba a yi cikakken nazarin tsarin kamuwa da aladu tare da cutar Teschen ba. Amma, an san cewa wannan cuta cikin sauƙi tana wucewa daga masu kamuwa da cuta zuwa dabbobi masu lafiya. A cikin yanayin yanayi, ana samun wannan tsari ta hanyar numfashi na numfashi da kuma gastrointestinal tract. Saboda haka, aladu masu kamuwa da cuta sune tushen tushen yaduwar cutar.

A cikin yanayin waje daga jikin dabba, ana fitar da kwayar cutar tare da feces a cikin mummunan nau’in cutar. Har ila yau, virions a cikin adadi mai yawa za a iya ƙunsar a cikin ƙarewar hanci da baki a cikin yanayin rashin lafiyar cutar. Kwayar cutar ta shiga cikin jikin alade masu lafiya:

Kwayar cutar na shiga jikin alade masu lafiya ta hanyar shan ruwan da ke dauke da cutar.

• lokacin cinye gurɓataccen abinci da ruwa;
• idan akwai cunkoson dabbobi;
• a wasu lokuta, lokacin cin najasa ko sassan jikin matattun aladu;
• ta hanyar ma’aikatan gonakin alade waɗanda ke aiki tare da marasa lafiya da dabbobi masu lafiya;
• ta hanyar abubuwan kulawa da abubuwa na alade.

Na ɗan lokaci, ƙwayoyin cuta suna tasowa a cikin hanji na dabbobi masu kamuwa da cuta. Hakanan ana samun shi sau da yawa a cikin kodan, hanta, da ƙwayoyin lymph. Bugu da ari, kamuwa da cuta a hankali yana yaduwa zuwa ƙwayar jijiyoyi. Ana iya gano mafi girman taro na virions a:

• kututtukan manyan jijiyoyi;
• medulla oblongata;
• kwakwalwa (da wuya kashin baya);
• cerebellum.

A cikin abun da ke cikin jini, ana iya gano kwayar cutar a farkon matakin lokacin shiryawa na cutar. Tare da fitsari, mai yiwuwa kamuwa da cuta ba zai fita cikin yanayin waje ba.

Yawancin masu bincike suna jayayya cewa mutuwar cutar kai tsaye ya dogara ne akan halayen mutum na piglet zuwa kamuwa da cuta. Idan jiki ya gane kwayar cutar sosai, dabbar ta mutu. Wannan ya tabbatar da cewa ko a cikin shekarun da suka wuce kuma a cikin sharar gida daya, wani bangare ne na dabbobin ke mutuwa, yayin da sauran suka samu nasara.

Dalilin da ke tattare da yaduwar ƙwayar cuta shine rashin bin ka’idodin tsabta da tsabta don kiyaye aladu. A cikin gonaki masu tsananin rashin tsabta, cutar tana faruwa sau da yawa kuma tana da sikeli mafi girma.

Alamomi da alamomi

Hoton asibiti na cutar a mafi yawan lokuta ana bayyana shi. Bayan shiga jikin alade mai lafiya, kwayar cutar ta shiga lokacin shiryawa. Ba a tantance ainihin lokacin sa ba, amma gabaɗaya an yarda cewa yana ɗaukar kwanaki 8-35.

Bayan shiryawa, lokacin prodromal yana ɗaukar kwanaki 1-2

Bayan shiryawa, lokacin prodromal yana ɗaukar kwanaki 1-2. Yana tare da karuwar zafin jiki zuwa digiri 40-41,5, rage yawan aiki da ci a cikin dabbobi. A ƙarshensa, cutar kanta ta tasowa, alamun da suka dogara da takamaiman nau’in cutar.

Siffa mai tsanani

A cikin mummunan yanayin cutar Teschen, duk alamun suna bayyana. Babban alamun wannan nau’i sun haɗa da:

• tasowa gurguwar daya daga cikin gaɓoɓin baya, wanda a hankali ya rikiɗe ya zama cikakkiyar gurgunta;
• dabbar ta kasance sau da yawa a cikin “karen zaune” ko kuma ya kwanta a ƙasa, ba zai iya tashi da kansa ba;
• jin daɗi na gaba ɗaya;
• wuce kima ji na fata, saboda abin da piglet reacts musamman sharply ko da ta yau da kullum bugun jini;
• cin zarafin haɗin kai na gaba ɗaya;
• ana kiyaye ci;
• ana iya samun alamun amai;
• jijjiga sakamakon girgiza dabbar.

A hankali, inna daga gaɓoɓin baya ya bazu zuwa jiki, wuyansa da kan alade. Bayan shan kashi na pharynx da cibiyoyin numfashi, ana iya gano cikakken ƙin alade daga abinci da ruwa. Numfashin yana raunana, kuma dabbar ta fada cikin suma. A wannan lokacin, zafin jiki yana raguwa zuwa digiri 35.

A cikin mummunan yanayin cutar, mutuwa tana faruwa a cikin kwanaki 4 daga farkon alamun farko. Yawan mace-mace kusan kashi 90 ne.

Abortive (subacute) hanya

Wannan nau’i ba shi da yawa fiye da nau’i mai girma. Alamun asibiti a cikin wannan kwas an bayyana kaɗan. Yawancin lokaci suna iya zama ba su nan gaba ɗaya.

Mafi bayyanar cututtuka a wannan yanayin sun haɗa da:

Alade mara lafiya gurgu ne akan kafafun bayansa

• gurgu a kan daya daga cikin gabobin baya;
• rashin daidaituwa;
• rare seizures.

Yawan mace-mace a cikin bayyanar cututtuka shine 30-50%.

Siffa mai kaifi sosai

Tare da wannan yanayin cutar, mutuwa tana faruwa a cikin kwanaki 2 daga lokacin da hoton asibiti ya bayyana kansa. Alamun na iya zama mai haske ko m. A matsayinka na mai mulki, cutar ta Teschen ta hyperacute tana tare da inna na gaba ɗaya da alamun encephalitis.

na kullum hanya

Abubuwan bayyanar wannan nau’i suna kama da yanayin da tsarin subacute. Alamun suna da laushi. Mafi yawan lokuta duk ana wakilta su da rauni mai laushi da gurgu. Akwai kwas na yau da kullun, galibi a cikin aladu manya. Yawan mace-mace shine kashi 20% na dukkan cututtukan da suka kamu da cutar.

A bayyane yake, a kan tushen ci gaban cutar Teschen, wasu matsaloli na iya bayyana. Musamman, waɗannan cututtuka ne na numfashi na numfashi.

Magani

Muhimmanci! Magani mai kyau na cutar yana farawa tare da ganewar asali. Don aiwatar da shi, ana gudanar da bincike na alamun asibiti, wanda aka haɓaka ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen jini da jarrabawar tarihi.

Lokacin da aka tabbatar da ganewar asali ga wannan rashin lafiya, ana aiwatar da matakai masu yawa na warkewa, waɗanda ke da nufin hana yaduwar kamuwa da cuta da ƙarfafa jikin alade. Babu magunguna na musamman don maganin cutar.

Daga cikin ingantattun matakan warkewa da ake amfani da su akai-akai, waɗannan sun cancanci kulawa ta musamman:

• yin amfani da magungunan da ke dauke da ƙara yawan bitamin B;
• alluran intramuscular na danyen kwai fari, wanda ake allurar a cikin dabba sau ɗaya a rana a cikin adadin 10 ml;
• alluran intramuscular na vodka a cikin ƙarar 0,3 ml da kilogram na nauyin alade (sau biyu a rana);
• Tetravit injections, wanda aka wajabta sau biyu a mako, 7 ml.

Ya girgiza

Babban hanyar jiyya tare da waɗannan magunguna shine makonni 3. A cikin kusan 90% na lokuta, hanyoyin da aka aiwatar suna haifar da dawo da dabbobi. Game da ci gaban cututtuka na biyu, tsarin maganin su ya ƙayyade ta hanyar likitan dabbobi.

Rigakafi

Rigakafin cutar ya ƙunshi manyan fannoni guda uku:

1. Yarda da yanayin likitan dabbobi da tsafta don kiyaye dabbobi.
2. Yin rigakafi na yau da kullun na dukan dabbobin gona.
3. Ƙayyadaddun aiki na mayar da hankali kan annoba mai tasowa.

Don aiwatar da shugabanci na biyu, an haɓaka nau’ikan alluran rigakafin da ba a kunna ba. Gabatarwar su ga dabbobi ana yin su sau biyu tare da tazara na makonni 2-3. Bayan haka, 80-95% na dabbobi suna haɓaka rigakafi, tsawon lokacin shine daga watanni 6 zuwa shekara 1.

Jagoran na uku ya ƙunshi kashe gaggawa na duk marasa lafiya da aladu da ake zargi da cutar. A lokaci guda kuma, ana yiwa duk dabbobi masu lafiya allurar rigakafi. Har ila yau, ana kawar da duk taki da kayan kwanciya daga wuraren da ake ajiye matattun dabbobi, a tsanake a keɓe shi da sauran dabbobi. Injin kanta da sauran sassan aladun ana lalata su da bleach ko soda.

Kammalawa

Ciwon Teschen yana nuna yawan kamuwa da cuta. Hakazalika, raunin nazarin abubuwan da ke tattare da kwayar cutar da hanyoyin yada ta ya kebe tasirin yaki da ita dari bisa dari. Lamarin ya kara dagulewa saboda yadda kananan dabbobi ke da saurin kamuwa da cututtuka. Don haka, ya zama dole a bi ka’idodin ka’idoji don rigakafin kamuwa da cuta don hana haɓakar annoba.