Nuna nau'ikan dawakai masu tsalle

Lokacin zabar doki don tsalle-tsalle, kuna buƙatar la’akari da bayanan waje na dokin da yanayin jikinsa. Babban mahimmanci shine yanayin dabba, ikonsa na hulɗa da mutum da aiki a cikin ƙungiya. Dangantakar jinsi wani lamari ne da ba za a iya watsi da shi ba. Bayan nazarin daki-daki game da nau’ikan dawakai masu tsalle-tsalle, yana da sauƙi ga mutum ya kewaya duk nau’ikan dawakai iri-iri kuma ya zaɓi ɗaya daga cikinsu.

gasar dawaki

Menene tsalle tsalle?

Nuna tsalle shahararren wasan dawaki ne. A lokacin gasar, doki tare da mahayi dole ne ya bi ta hanyar, yana shawo kan matsaloli daban-daban a kan hanya – sanduna, sanduna, shinge, ramuka da ruwa. Tsarin da aka shigar yana rushewa cikin sauƙi don hana rauni ga doki da mahayi. Alkalai sun tantance ba kawai gudun hanya da dabarun tsalle ba, har ma da salon motsin doki, da kuma yadda mahayin zai iya ba da hadin kai da dokinsa..

Wannan horo ya fara bayyana a Faransa a tsakiyar karni na 1900. A cikin wasan kwaikwayo na XNUMX an haɗa tsalle a cikin shirin wasannin Olympics. Bayan lokaci, wannan shugabanci a wasanni ya sami karbuwa a wajen Turai kuma ya bazu zuwa nahiyar Amurka. Yau nunin tsalle yana da dubban ɗaruruwan mabiya a duniya.

Menene ma’auni na zabar doki don tsalle-tsalle?

A cewar ‘yan wasan da suka samu nasara a wasan tsalle-tsalle, ya zama dole a zabi doki don wannan horo sosai. Nasarar ya dogara ba kawai akan nau’in da kuma matakin shirye-shiryen dabba ba, har ma akan wasu dalilai:

yanayin waje da na jiki;
hali
matakin mu’amala tsakanin mahayi da doki.

Na waje

Lokacin zabar nau’in nau’in wasan tsalle-tsalle, kula da ma’aunin girman girman. Wannan mai nuna alama yana taka muhimmiyar rawa, saboda babban abin da ake bukata don doki shine ikon tsalle mai kyau, ikon iya karyawa cikin sauƙi. Mafi girman dabbar, mafi muni – yana buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfi don ɗaga jiki, nauyin da ke kan haɗin gwiwa da tendons yana ƙaruwa.

An ƙayyade ma’anar girman girma ta hanyar rabon tsayi zuwa nauyin jiki. Da kyau, wannan alamar ya kamata ya bambanta tsakanin 3-3,7. Don bayani, a cikin dawakan hawan Ingilishi, MI shine 3,2–3,4, a cikin dawakan Larabawa – 3, a Hanoverian – 3,7.

Dokin Larabawa

Wani muhimmin alama shine alamar kashi. An ƙaddara da dabara: girth na fasinja na doki / tsawo a bushes * da 100. A cikin show tsalle dawakai, da IC jeri daga 11%.

Tsarin tsari ko nau’in

Akwai nau’ikan doki na waje:

Gajeren ya haɗa da dabbobi waɗanda jikinsu yana da siffar murabba’i. A cikin dawakai na nau’i mai tsayi, jiki yana shimfiɗa a kwance. Dawakai na matsakaici ko gajere nau’in sun dace da tsalle-tsalle na nunawa, saboda ƙananan baya na iya jure wa nauyin nauyi. Irin waɗannan dabbobi suna da tsalle mai ƙarfi.

Hankali! Lokacin zabar nau’in nau’in wasan kwaikwayo don tsalle-tsalle, kula da matakin muscularity na baya. Mafi kyawun haɓaka tsokoki a cikin wannan sashin jiki, mafi girman dabbar da ake ƙima. Bai kamata a sami wuraren shakatawa tsakanin yankin lumbar da maklaks ba.

An shawarci ƙwararrun mahaya da su zaɓi mares da doki tare da ɗan ƙaramin kai da ɗan gajeren wuya don tsalle-tsalle. Amma ga ƙirji, yana da daraja a auna nisa tsakanin sassan gaba. To, idan ya wuce dunƙule 2 a haɗa tare. Yin la’akari da waje, ana ba da fifiko ga mutanen da ke da dogayen kwatangwalo da goshi, yayin da fastoci ya kamata su kasance gajere. Dawakai tare da matsakaicin matsakaici sun dace da tsalle-tsalle.

Hankali! Ba a yarda saitin gaɓoɓin baya mai siffar X. Dawakai da ƙafafu saber masu haske sun fi ƙarfi lokacin tsalle, kuma wannan fa’ida ce.

Hali

Kwararrun ‘yan wasa sun lura cewa mutane masu zafin hali sau da yawa suna samun nasara, amma yana da wuya a yi aiki tare da su. Sau da yawa doki mai kyawawan bayanai na jiki, amma tare da zafin hali, ya kasa kasa a mafi yawan lokacin da bai dace ba, yana nuna fushinsa a cikin gasa. Zai fi kyau a zaɓi doki don nuna tsalle tare da ƙananan lahani na jiki, amma tare da yanayin daidaitawa, fiye da akasin haka.

dokin yanayi

Mu’amala tsakanin mahayi da doki

Lokacin zabar doki mai tsalle, ‘yan wasa sun fahimci cewa dabbar za ta bayyana kanta sosai bayan shekara ɗaya ko biyu na horo mai tsanani. A wannan lokacin, abokan tarayya yawanci suna da lokaci don daidaitawa da juna, wanda yake da mahimmanci a wasanni. Yana da kyau idan mahayi da dabbar za su iya amincewa da juna sosai. Nasarar gasa ta dogara da wannan.

Nuna nau’ikan dawakai masu tsalle

Dokin tsalle mai kyau cikin jituwa yana haɗa dukkan halayen da suka dace:

jimiri;
maneuverability;
tsalle karfi;
gudun;
biyayya;
juriya.

Wadannan halaye sun dace da bayanan jiki na doki. Tun da wasan tsalle-tsalle horo ne na wasan motsa jiki, jinsin dawakai ne suka dace da shi. Trotters ba su dace da shawo kan cikas ba. Duk da haka, ba kowane nau’in hawan hawan ya dace da tsalle-tsalle ba. A cewar masana, dawakai masu dumi-dumi suna da kyau ga wannan horo, waɗanda aka samu ta hanyar haye tare da nau’in nau’i mai tsabta. Irin waɗannan dawakai suna da nau’in jiki mai haske, aiki da halayen halayen halayen da suka dace.

Shahararrun nau’ikan dawakai masu tsalle:

Holstein;
Westphalian;
Oldenburg;
Faransanci;
Warmblood na Irish;
Hanoverian;
Belgian Warmblood;
Trakehner;
budyonnovskaya.

Holstein

An haife layin irin a Jamus. An dauke shi daya daga cikin mafi tsufa a wannan kasar. Jinin jinsin Turai daban-daban yana gudana a cikin jijiyar dawakai. A tsakiyar zamanai, Holsteiners sun kasance manya kuma sun fi kama manyan manyan motoci. Ƙarfi shine babban fa’idarsu, cikin sauƙin ɗaukar nauyin mahayi cikin sulke.

Holstein irin line

Daga baya, ƙwayoyin Mutanen Espanya sun rinjayi nau’in, godiya ga abin da dawakai suka sami girma. Tsallakewa tare da manyan kantunan Neapolitan ya sa na waje na dabbobi ya zama jituwa da daraja, kuma Holsteiners da kansu sun kasance masu hannu da aiki. Lokacin da karusai suka shigo cikin salon, masu shayarwa sun ƙetare wakilan nau’in tare da manyan karusai na Yorkshire. Wannan ya haifar da canje-canje a bayyanar – wuyansa ya fi tsayi, kafadu sun fi girma, ƙyallen sun kasance mafi girma. An samar da nau’in a ƙarshe kuma ya sami halaye masu mahimmanci don tsalle-tsalle saboda kwararar jini daga hawan Ingilishi da dawakan Larabawa.

Dawakan Holstein suna cikin manyan biyar don tsalle-tsalle. Shahararren dan wasan duniya mai suna Meteor ya samu lambobin yabo uku a gasar Olympics. Almox Classic Touch a gasar cin kofin duniya a Barcelona ya lashe zinare a 1994.

Westphalian

Nauyin Westphalian shima ya samo asali ne daga Jamus. Ana samun ambato game da kakannin waɗannan dawakai a cikin takaddun da suka kasance tun ƙarni na XNUMX. Dabbobi ne masu taurin kai kuma marasa fa’ida masu gajen tsayi. Mazaunan Westphalia sun yaba wa waɗannan dawakai marasa gajiyawa. An sani cewa a cikin XVIII-XIX ƙarni, Westphalian dawakai da aka yi amfani da yaƙe-yaƙe.

A cikin lokacin daga 16th zuwa karni na XNUMX, dawakai na asali daban-daban sun tasiri ci gaban layin nau’in:

manyan motoci daga Faransa, Belgium da Ingila;
dan siyasa;
Andalus;
Yaren mutanen Holland;
Anglo-Norman;
Oldenburg;
Hanoverian;
Anglo-Larabci.

Dawakan Westphalian suna da girma sosai, suna da dogayen rigunan kafaɗa masu tsayi, matsakaicin tsayin wuyansa, ƙaramin kai tare da bayanin martaba. Gaɓoɓinsu suna da raɗaɗi da gajerun fastoci da ƙananan kofato masu ƙarfi.

Matsakaicin tsayin ɗan wasan Westphalian shine 1,65 – 1,7 m. Launuka sun zama ruwan dare a cikin nau’in:

Ana bambanta dabbobi ta hanyar sadaukarwa mai kyau a cikin horo da gasa. Suna da taurin kai, masu tauri, masu ƙarfi. Irin waɗannan halayen suna taimaka wa Westphalian samun nasara da yawa.

Hanoverian

An haife irin wannan nau’in bisa ga dawakai na yankin Lower Saxony, waɗanda aka haye tare da tururuwa da aka kawo daga Spain, Denmark da Gabas. A farkon karni na XNUMX, jinsin Jamusanci ya inganta ta hanyar jinin dawakai na Ingilishi mai tsabta, wanda ke da tasiri mai mahimmanci ga bayyanar da yanayin dawakai. A wancan lokacin, an dauki nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in) an dauke shi, amma tun daga tsakiyar karni na XNUMX,masu shayarwa sun fara tafiya a cikin wata hanya. Sun zubar da jinin Trakehnens da Holsteiners, suna ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar dawakai masu dacewa.

Gwajin ya kasance nasara – dawakai na Hanoverian sun haɗu da kyau, daraja, ƙarfi da iko. Ƙaƙwalwar tsoka mai kyau, ɗan gajeren jiki, ƙaƙƙarfan busassun ƙafafu da kasusuwa masu haske sune halaye masu kyau don wasan kwaikwayo na tsalle. Halin ‘yan Hanoverians kuma ya sa ‘yan wasa da yawa suka zaɓi su. Waɗannan dabbobi ne masu sauƙi, masu aiki, masu aiki tuƙuru da sadaukarwa.

Oldenburg

Oldenburg nuna tsalle irin

An haife nau’in tsalle Oldenburg a cikin karni na XNUMX a cikin ƙaramin lardin Oldenburg, a Gabashin Frisia, daga inda aka samo sunansa. Mahaliccinsa shine Count Anton Günther von Oldenburg, wanda ya ketare mares na Friesian tare da dokin rabin jinsi na asalin gabas. An ƙara jinin dawakin Neapolitan da Iberian ga zuriyar da aka haifar, wanda ya ba da irin ƙarfin da ƙarfi.

A tsakiyar karni na 100, an inganta layin Oldenburg tare da taimakon Larabawa, dawakai da kuma dawakai na Barbary. Ko da shekaru XNUMX bayan haka, dawakai na Hanoverian, Norman da Anglo-Norman sun rinjaye shi. A cikin karni na XNUMX, an samar da nau’in a ƙarshe saboda kwararar sabbin jini daga hawan Ingilishi da dawakai na Trakehner.

Idan aka kwatanta da wakilan sauran nau’ikan tsalle-tsalle, dawakan Oldenburg suna da yawa kuma suna da jiki mai tsayi. Sun fi ramawa ga waɗannan gazawar a cikin waje tare da ƙaƙƙarfan gaɓoɓin hind tare da faɗin, haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi da gajerun fastoci. Matsakaicin tsayin babban dokin Oldenburg shine 1,72 m. Launuka na gama gari sune baki, bay da ja.

Yaren mutanen Holland jini

Doki ga Yaren mutanen Holland ya kasance mataimaki mai mahimmanci, tun da an bunkasa noma sosai a wannan ƙasa. An haifi nau’in doki na Warmblood na Dutch bisa tushen dawakai na gida waɗanda ke da hannu a aikin fage. Ci gaban layin ya rinjayi ta hanyar ƙetare tare da manyan kantuna, waɗanda aka shigo da su daga Ingila, Jamus da Faransa. Zuriyar Turanci Thoroughbred dawakai sun gaji mafi kyawun halaye daga gare su:

yanayin zafi;
m waje;
sauƙi;
ƙungiyoyi masu girma;
jimiri;
high gallop gudun.

Dawakan dawakai na Yaren mutanen Holland suna nuna babban sakamako a gasa mai daraja ta duniya a wasan tsalle-tsalle da sutura.

Faransa sel

An halicci nau’in a cikin karni na XIX a Normandy. Mazauna yankin sun tsallaka ’yan matan nasu tare da manyan kantuna masu ruwa da tsaki da aka kawo daga Ingila, da kuma wakilan layin Norkfolk. Zuriyar dawakan Anglo-Norman ne daga baya suka sami sunan ƙauyen Faransa. An bambanta su da ƙarfin hali, juriya, motsa jiki da tsalle mai ƙarfi.

Shahararrun dawakai na layin jinsin Sel na Faransa:

Balabe de Rue – wanda ya lashe gasar Olympics ta 2004.
Galan de Savage – ya lashe zinare a wasan tsalle a 2006.
Dilemme de Sefi ita ce ta lashe gasar cin kofin duniya a wasan tsalle-tsalle.
Kidam de Revel ya samu nasarori da dama a gasa daban-daban.

Hankali! A yau, ana ɗaukar Faransanci Selle ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun nau’ikan tsalle-tsalle. Baya ga wannan horo, suna nuna kyakkyawan sakamako a cikin triathlon da dressage, kuma suna shiga cikin tsere don dawakai marasa kyau.

Irish Warmblood

Ireland ta daɗe da shahara da dawakan yaƙi, wanda farkon ambatonsa ya kasance tun ƙarni na XNUMX BC. e. Tsawon ƙarni da yawa, jinin Mutanen Espanya da Anglo-Norman ya rinjayi samuwar dawakai na gida.

A cikin karni na XNUMX, godiya ga ƙetare tare da tsayayyen nau’in hawan keke, Warmblood na Irish ya sami bayyanarsa na yanzu. Wannan kyakkyawan doki ne mai doki mai haske da ƙasusuwa masu haske da haɓakar tsokoki. Yana da tsalle mai ƙarfi kuma yana iya jurewa. Shahararrun wasan kwaikwayo na tsalle-tsalle na nau’in Warmblood na Irish:

Sarkin Diamonds. Yana cikin layi na 7 a cikin jerin jerin gwanon tsalle-tsalle na duniya. Zuriyarsa – Manzo na musamman, Mill Pearl, Millstreet Rabi – sun sami lambobin yabo da yawa a gasa a wannan fanni.
Clover…