nau’in doki na Amurka (misali).

Irin nau’in Standardbred na Amurka ana amfani dashi sosai a aikin kiwo a duniya. Ana ɗaukar trotters na wannan nau’in layin a matsayin mafi ɓacin rai da ketare yawancin sauran nau’ikan dawakai. Shi ya sa masu kiwon dawaki daga kasashen da har yanzu ake yin kace-nace a cikin su suke samun irin wadannan dabbobin domin inganta nau’insu.

American standardbred

Tarihin irin

Dokin ƙwanƙwasa na Amurka ya yi fice a cikin wani nau’i na daban da yake nesa ba kusa ba saboda yanayinsa na waje. Bayyanar dabbobi na iya zama iri-iri. Babban ma’auni don alaƙar jinsi shine daidai ƙarfin dawakai. Tun farkon bayyanar irin wannan trotters, kawai waɗanda suka iya gudun mil ɗaya a cikin lokacin da bai wuce minti 2 da daƙiƙa 30 ba ne aka shigar a cikin littafin ingarma.

Wannan nau’in ya samo asali ne a cikin karni na 2 na Amurka. A wannan lokacin, an yi amfani da dawakai sosai a gona, kuma duk dabbobi, dangane da manufar da aka yi niyya, an raba su zuwa nau’ikan XNUMX:

1. Mai nauyi. An yi amfani da su don jigilar manyan kaya, tafiya mai nisa.
2. Makamin haske. Irin waɗannan dabbobi an yi amfani da su ne kawai ga masu iya canzawa.

Ƙungiya ta ƙarshe ta kasance musamman godiya ga ci gaba da sauri, yayin da ƙarfi da jimiri suka ɓace a bango.

A hankali, an fara sanya dawakai masu haske don tseren keke, waɗanda suka sami shahara ta musamman a ƙarshen karni na XNUMX. Irin wannan gasa ta kasance tare da manyan hannayen jari. Wannan ya haifar da kowane mai kiwo ya sanya dukkan ƙarfinsa don haɓaka trotters don riba. A sakamakon haka, a farkon karni na XNUMX, an raba dawakai masu tsalle-tsalle zuwa wani nau’i daban kuma ana amfani da su kawai a wasanni.

A yayin ƙarin zaɓin, halayen dabbobi suna goge kullun. An yi amfani da dawakan Larabawa, dawakan Norfolk, dawakai na Kanada da wasu nau’ikan nau’ikan iri a cikin aikin. Sakamakon kiwo shine doki na Amurka, wanda ake ganin kakanninsa ya riga ya zama almara, sanannen trotter Gumbletonian X.

An ƙirƙiri littafin zuriyar jinsin a cikin 1871. Sunan hukuma na nau’in Standardbred an kafa shi ne kawai a cikin 1879. An zaɓi shi akan gaskiyar cewa kawai dabbobin da suka cika ma’auni na wasan kwaikwayo an rarraba su azaman purebred. Tun daga 1931, wakilan nau’in sun fara shiga cikin littafin karatu bisa tushen su.

Bayyanar

Tun da American Standardbred aka ɓullo da tare da girmamawa kawai a kan gudun, masu shayarwa bi da shi kadan watsi. A sakamakon haka, irin waɗannan dawakai ba su da bayyanannun siffofi na waje.

Bayyanar trotter na Amurka

Gabaɗaya, trotter na Amurka babbar dabba ce. Tsayinsa a cikin ƙura shine 145-166 cm. Siffofin bayyanar dokin sun haɗa da:

• elongated girma jiki;
• fadi mai zurfi kirji;
• bushewar matsakaici;
• madaidaiciya tare da ƙaramin lanƙwasa baya;
• croup mai fadi;
• Dogon wuyansa;
• ƙananan kai tare da madaidaicin bayanin martaba;
• busassun ƙafafu masu ƙarfi tare da tsokoki da haɗin gwiwa;
• dogon maniyyi da wutsiya.

Magana. Har ila yau, ga siffofin nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i). A cikin dabbobi daban-daban, ko dai madaidaiciya ko kuma tare da ƙaramin ƙafar ƙafa. Irin wannan lokacin ba a la’akari da rashin lahani ba.

Launin dokin ƙwanƙwasa na Amurka kuma yana ba da damar bambance-bambance da yawa. Mafi sau da yawa, launi na wakilansa shine bay. Yana iya haɗawa da inuwa da yawa ko haɗin haɗin su. Dabbobi masu launin ja ko baƙar fata ba su da yawa. A wasu lokuta, dawakai masu launin toka suna zuwa, amma ana ganin ba a so kuma yawanci irin waɗannan dabbobi ba a yarda da su don ƙarin kiwo.

Hali

A cikin tsarin zaɓin, an yi amfani da adadi mai yawa na nau’ikan dawakai daban-daban, kowannensu yana ɗaukar halayen mutum ɗaya, kuma ba koyaushe yana da kyau ba. Don haka, dawakan Ingilishi da aka yi amfani da su a cikin aikin an bambanta su ta hanyar son kai da kuma rikitarwa na horo.

Amma duk da haka, har yanzu masu shayarwa sun yi nasarar kawar da gazawar wasu nau’ikan asali. A sakamakon haka, yanayin nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i)) ya juya ya zama mai kwantar da hankali, daidaitacce, daidaitacce. Irin waɗannan halittu masu rai ba tare da shakka suna sauraron mai shi ba kuma da sauri koya, Bugu da ƙari, dabba yana nuna abokantaka kuma ba tare da zalunci tare da wasu dawakai ba.

Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani da irin

An rarraba trotter na Amurka a ko’ina cikin duniya. Har ya zuwa yanzu, babban adadin dawakai yana cikin Amurka, amma kuma ana samun nasarar kiwo a Kanada, Australia, New Zealand, da Denmark. Tabbas, dawakai suna da irin wannan babban shaharar zuwa jerin fa’idodi masu yawa, manyan su sune masu zuwa:

• wasa;
• jimiri;
• juriya ga cututtuka da yawa halayyar dawakai;
• kwantar da hankali, daidaitaccen hali;
• yawan haifuwa;
• tsawon dawakai.

Trotter na Amurka yana da nutsuwa kuma yana da ƙarfi.

Hakanan, precocity na dabbobi yana ba ku damar faɗaɗa jerin abubuwan da ke sama. Kusan duk rikodin duniya da American Standardbreds ke gudanarwa an saita su ta manyan kantuna masu shekaru 3 zuwa 4. Tuni yana da shekaru 3, doki ya kasance cikakke kuma yana shirye don shiga wasanni na wasanni.

Wani muhimmin batu shi ne cewa yawancin waɗannan trotters na iya amfani da nau’ikan gait iri 4. Ga yawancin dawakai, 3 ne kawai daga cikinsu akwai:

1. Mataki na yau da kullun.
2. Gallop.
3. Lynx.

Amma tun da ma’aikatan Kanada suma sun shiga cikin kiwo na wannan nau’in dawakai, magadansu kuma na iya motsawa tare da amble. Don cin gajiyar wannan damar, masu dabbobin sun ƙera kayan masarufi na musamman waɗanda ke hana ƙwanƙwasa. Ba a cika yin gasar caca tsakanin ma’auni na Amurka ba saboda babban haɗarin rauni.

Rashin amfani

Daga gazawar nau’in, kamannin su na yau da kullun da rashin ƙarfi sun fito da farko. Yawancin masu kiwo sun mayar da hankalinsu kan wannan matsala. Amma bayan lokaci, ƙwarewar dabbobi ta maye gurbin yanayin waje kuma an share shi daga jerin gazawar.

Har ila yau, ko da yake dabbar ta bambanta da rashin fahimta, ana buƙatar wasu yanayi don samun sakamako mafi girma daga irin waɗannan dawakai da kuma jin dadin su. Suna buƙatar samar da wurin da ya dace, da kuma horarwa na musamman waɗanda ke ba ku damar kula da sautin ɗan wasa.

Tsarin doki daidai gwargwado ana kiransa mafi kyawun trotter a duniya. Waɗannan dabbobin suna riƙe mafi yawan rikodin gudun duniya a tseren ƙungiyar haske. Har yanzu ana amfani da su a wannan wasa a yau. Bugu da kari, ana amfani da trotters na Amurka don inganta sauran layin kiwo, kara kara darajar su. Yana yiwuwa a cimma sakamako mai mahimmanci daga dabba kawai idan an ba da shi tare da yanayin da ya dace don kiyayewa da horo.