Doki irin na Rasha manyan manyan motoci

Dokin manyan motoci na Rasha shine abin alfaharin kiwon dokin gida. Masana kimiyya na Rasha da Ukrainian sun yi aiki a kan kiwo da inganta shi, kuma aikin kiwo da kansa ya yi kusan shekaru ɗari. An yi rajistar nau’in a cikin 1952. Za mu gaya game da asalinsa, halaye da fa’idodi da yawa.

Dokin babbar mota ta Rasha

Siffofin irin

Tunanin ƙirƙirar doki mai nauyi na Rasha ya taso lokacin da gonaki ɗaya ba zai iya yin ba tare da doki ba. Yanzu yana yiwuwa a yi duk aiki mai wuyar gaske ta mota, amma shekaru 150 da suka wuce an yi ta da dawakai: sun noma da jigilar kayayyaki.

Babban Motar Rasha ita ce abin alfaharin kiwon dokin gida. Wannan doki maras fa’ida ne, mai hankali, mai kauri, mai biyayya. Hatta mutanen ƙauye na zamani suna amfani da shi don taimakawa da aikin gida. Ɗaya daga cikin fa’idodin nau’in shine cewa dabbobin ba sa buƙatar wadatar abinci. Suna cin kiwo, suna kula da siffar jiki mai kyau.

Babban babbar motar Rasha ta zamani tana wakiltar nau’ikan nau’ikan uku:

1. Nau’in Ural. Yana da alaƙa da tsayin ƙafafu, waɗanda ke da yawa rufe da gashi.
2. Nau’i mai girma. Ana ɗaukar waɗannan dawakai mafi girma.
3. Nau’in Novoaleksevsky yana da ƙananan girma idan aka kwatanta da na baya.

Tarihin asali

Kimanin shekaru 150 da suka wuce, an kawo kananan dawakai na Belgian Ardennes zuwa yankin Rasha. Kodayake bayyanar su ba ta da ban sha’awa, duk da haka, mazauna ƙauyen sun yaba da aikin dawakai na kasashen waje da rashin fahimta ga yanayin tsare. Wadannan dabbobin sun nuna aiki, a shirye suke su yi aiki ba tare da gajiyawa ba, yayin da ba sa bukatar wadataccen abinci na musamman. Shi ne Belgian Ardennes wanda ya zama magabata na Rasha babban truck. An haife su a gonaki masu zaman kansu shekaru da yawa.

A shekarar 1860 ya fara aiki a Petrovsky Academy. An kafa babban jigon sabon nau’in a can. An dauki mafi kyawun dawakai na Ukrainian da na Rasha a matsayin tushe, an zaɓi foals tare da alamun mafi kyau daga giciyensu. Duk da haka, zuriyar sun karɓi lahani na waje na Ardenes. Don sabunta jini da kawar da lahani, masana kimiyya sun ƙetare mares tare da Brabancons.

A ƙarshen karni na 18, nau’in ya canza kamanninsa don mafi kyau. A lokacin da aka gudanar da wani nune-nune a birnin Paris a shekara ta 1900, inda aka gabatar da ingantacciyar babbar motar daukar kaya ta Rasha a hukumance, wannan nau’in ya samu karbuwa ga jama’a. Dan wasan da ya halarci bikin baje kolin har ma an ba shi lambar zinare. A nan gaba, aikin zaɓi ya ci gaba har zuwa farkon yakin basasa. Masana kimiyya sun ba da umarnin ƙoƙarin su don ƙara tsayin dawakai. Don wannan, an haye zuriyar Ardenes tare da manyan nau’ikan iri.

Bayyanar wata babbar motar Rasha

Yaƙe-yaƙe na Basasa da Babban Kishin ƙasa sun haifar da lalacewa ga kiwo na Ardennes na Rasha, amma duk da haka an sami ceton irin. Sabbin dawakan sun sha bamban a bayyanar da kakanninsu na Belgium, amma sun ci gaba da rike manyan halayensu:

• ƙarfin jiki;
• jimiri;
• daidaitawa ga yanayin yankin tsakiya;
• unpretentiousness da undemanding ga abinci tushe.

A shekara ta 1952, an kira wannan nau’in a matsayin babbar babbar motar Rasha. Tun daga nan, an dauke ta daya daga cikin mafi kyau a cikin dawakai na zabin gida.

Bayyanar

Dokin daftarin na Rasha ba shi da tsayi, amma an gina shi sosai. Wakilan irin nau’in suna da jiki na tsoka, kafafu masu karfi da kirji mai karfi. Yi la’akari da halayen waje na babbar motar Rasha:

• tsawo – 150-153 cm;
• nauyi – 650-700 kg, mares – 500 kg;
• kai mai matsakaicin matsakaici tare da ɓangaren gaba mai faɗi;
• wuyansa ba shi da tsayi, tare da siffa mai santsi, mai ƙarfi;
• bushes suna da fadi;
• layin baya yana ko da, sashin lumbar yana da nama;
• Kirji mai siffar ganga tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙwayar tsoka;
• croup mai zagaye, cokali mai yatsu, an sauke kadan;
• kafafu masu karfi na matsakaicin tsayi tare da daidaitattun saiti, an rufe shi da dogon gashi;
• maniyyi yana da kauri;
• launin ya fi ja ko launin ruwan kasa, sau da yawa – ja-roan ko baki.

Hankali! A kan ƙananan ƙafafu, daidai sama da kofato, manyan manyan motocin Rasha suna da alamun fararen fata. Wannan ita ce siffa ta musamman.

Hali

Wakilan nau’in dawakai na gida suna bambanta da kyakkyawan hali. Ba sa nuna fushi. Waɗannan dabbobin suna da wayo da daidaito, da sauri su saba da mai shi kuma suna yi masa biyayya.

Motar Rasha mai nauyi tana aiki kuma tana aiki tuƙuru. Yana iya yin aiki ba kawai a cikin kayan aiki ba, har ma a karkashin sirdi. Masu kiwon doki sun lura cewa wakilan nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’in nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i nau’i)) suna wakiltar wakilai na Rasha. Ko da mahayin da bai ƙware ba ya sarrafa su, dokin ba zai jefa shi daga cikin sirdi ba.

Hankali! Doki mai nauyi na Rasha yana da damar yin amfani da mai shi da sauri da sabon yanayin aiki. Yana da wuya kuma bai dace da yanayin tsarewa ba.

Duk da yanayi mai natsuwa da natsuwa, dokin na iya yin faɗuwa don amsa mugunyar magani. Kamar sauran dabbobi, zuriyar Arden, suna jin haɗari, suna nuna dabi’ar kare kansu, sun fara kare kansu.

Siffofin kiwo

Masu kiwo sun yi aiki shekaru da yawa don ƙirƙira da haɓaka halayen nau’in manyan motocin Rasha. Don kiyaye alamunta, kiwo na waɗannan dabbobi yana faruwa tare da manyan layukan da aka kafa, a cikin kabilar. Ma’abota manyan kantuna da ma’aurata suna bin waɗannan ƙa’idodin don kada zuriyar da aka haifa su rasa siffofi da halaye masu mahimmanci.

Mares na wannan nau’in suna da yawa. Tuni a cikin shekaru 3 shekaru, ci gaban su yana tsayawa, suna shirye don haifuwa da aiki. Don kiwo ana amfani da su don shekaru 24-25. An haifi jariri mai girma – 230-240 kg. Zuriyar na girma cikin sauri saboda yawan nonon mata.

Hankali! Mare ga 1 lokacin lactation zai iya ba da 2500-3000 lita na madara. Wanda ya rike rikodin a wannan yanki shine doki mai suna Lukoshka, wanda ya ba da madara 4800 a cikin kwanaki 305.

Amfani da manyan motocin Rasha

A yau, ana amfani da wakilan nau’in nau’in nau’in da muke magana a kai a wurare daban-daban. Amfani da su a cikin aikin gona har yanzu ya kasance mai dacewa. A cikin ƙauyuka, dokin yana noma ƙasa, yana hidimar gonaki, yana jigilar itacen wuta, gawayi, da kwantena na ruwa.

Ana amfani da nau’in a cikin noma da yawon shakatawa

Yankin na biyu na amfani da dawakai masu ƙarfi da kyau shine yawon shakatawa da nishaɗi. A cikin wuraren shakatawa, yara da manya suna hawa su, suna hawan doki, kuma kaɗan za su ƙi hoto tare da irin waɗannan kyawawan abubuwa. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, babbar motar Rasha tana da kyan gani.

A cikin masana’antar kiwo, ana amfani da waɗannan dawakai sosai. Koumiss, samfurin madara da aka haɗe, ana yin su ne daga madara mai gina jiki. A Rasha, cukuwar madarar mare, wanda ake buƙata a Kazakhstan, ba a samar da shi ba tukuna, amma zai iya bayyana nan da nan a kan ɗakunan ajiya a ƙasarmu.

Dokin dawaki mai nauyi na Rasha ya cancanci babban maki daga masu kiwon doki. Ta nuna halaye masu kyau waɗanda ke bambanta ta daga sauran dawakai – jimiri, ƙwazo, ikon daidaitawa da sababbin yanayi na rayuwa da aiki, rashin fahimta. Zuriyar Ardennes na Belgian sune girman kai na zaɓi na Rasha.