Yawancin masu shayarwar zomo suna mamakin dalilin da yasa zomaye ke mutuwa. Kwayoyin halittar wadannan dabbobi suna da matukar damuwa ga cututtuka daban-daban da ƙwayoyin cuta. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a san manyan cututtuka na zomaye, don su iya bambanta alamun su na farko, da kuma aiwatar da rigakafi mai inganci a cikin lokaci.
Cututtuka masu yaduwa
Irin wannan cuta tana haifar da asarar dabbobi masu yawa, saboda tana yaduwa cikin sauri a tsakaninsu.
Zazzaɓi
Cutar tana shafar dabbobin da suka girmi watanni biyu. Zazzaɓin yana da saurin yaɗuwa, ana yada shi ta hanyar ɗigon iska, ta ulu da najasa. Mutuwar ta haura 90%.
Akwai latent form, a cikinsa zomaye ne asymptomatic, da kuma wani m nau’i, wanda aka halin da rashin ci, rashin natsuwa, lethargy, cramps a cikin gabobin, da kuma karkatar da kai.
Dabbobi na iya yin kururuwa na lokaci-lokaci saboda suna jin zafi, kuma ana yawan samun zubar da jini.
Cutar ta haifar da lalata hanta, da kuma edema na huhu. Mutuwa tana faruwa kwanaki 1 zuwa 3 bayan kamuwa da cuta. Dalilin mutuwa shine rashin iskar oxygen.
Don hana farawar zazzabi a cikin zomaye, ana bada shawarar yin rigakafi a cikin kwanaki 45. Ana iya sake yiwa manya allurar a kowane zamani. Alurar riga kafi yana aiki har tsawon watanni 12.
Myxomatosis ko annoba
Ana kamuwa da cutar zuwa zomaye ta hanyar cizon kwari. Babban bayyanar cututtuka shine zubar da ruwa mai yawa daga idanu da hanci. Tare da haɓaka yanayin, kumburi yana bayyana a cikin hanci, idanu da kunnuwa. Matasa sun fi kamuwa da wannan cuta.
Haɗarin myxomatosis yana cikin gaskiyar cewa cutar tana da tsawon lokacin shiryawa (daga kwanaki 2 zuwa 20). Bayan bayyanar bayyanar cututtuka na farko, distemper yana tasowa da sauri kuma yana haifar da mutuwar manya a cikin makonni 1,5-2. Yaran zomaye sun mutu a cikin kwanaki 7.
Myxomatosis yana yaduwa cikin sauri a tsakanin dabbobi, don haka idan an sami mutane da yawa masu kamuwa da cuta, wannan yana nuna babban shan kashi na duk zomaye.
Za’a iya hana damuwa ta hanyar rigakafin kan kari.
Pasteurellosis
Hadarin wannan cuta yana cikin saurin yaɗuwarta, wanda ke haifar da mutuwar dabbobi a cikin kwanaki 2. Alamun sun hada da hanci mai gudu da rage sha’awa.
Adadin mace-mace na zomaye daga pasteurellosis ya bambanta daga 15 zuwa 75%. Mutuwar ya dogara da ingancin kulawar dabbobi. A cikin mummunan nau’i na cutar, zomo yana da karuwa a cikin zafin jiki, wanda yake tare da hanci mai gudu da rashin ƙarfi na numfashi. Idan babu magani, dabbar ta mutu har zuwa kwanaki 2.
Game da nau’i na yau da kullum, akwai hanci mai gudu da conjunctivitis, stools maras kyau, ƙananan ulcers a ƙarƙashin fata. Tare da wannan nau’i, yawan adadin zomaye masu tsira a cikin yanayin kulawar dabbobi na lokaci ya fi girma.
Ana amfani da maganin rigakafi Levomycetin ko Biomycin don magani.
Coccidiosis
Coccidiosis yana faruwa ne ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta na protozoan unicellular. Alamun suna da haske sosai, wanda ke sauƙaƙe aiwatar da ganewar asali. Dabbobi suna da kumburin ciki da rashin isasshen nauyi, da kuma rashin ci. Ana ɗaukarsa ta hanyar abinci da ruwa.
Coccidiosis an yi nasarar magance shi tare da maganin rigakafi da inganta yanayin rayuwa. Idan zomo yana da rigakafi mai kyau, to jikinsa yana fama da cutar da kansa.
Akwai tsarin kulawa guda biyu:
- 0,01% bayani na aidin da 100 g na nauyin jikin dabbar dabbar manya, don zomaye an rage kashi da rabi;
- maganin shiri na sulfanilamide, ana amfani da shi sau 2 a rana tsawon kwanaki 5 a jere.
Rabies
A cikin zomaye, wannan cuta yana da wuya. Hanyoyin da ake yadawa sun hada da cizon dabbobi marasa lafiya.
Alamomin rabies sune:
- yawan aiki;
- zalunci;
- cizon kanka;
- sautunan da ba su da kyau;
- rashin ci;
- ƙin ruwa;
- cin zarafin hadiya;
- ƙara salivation.
Tare da ci gaba da ci gaba na rabies, zomo yana amsawa mai raɗaɗi ga haske mai haske, jujjuyawar gaɓoɓin gaɓoɓi, coma da mutuwa suna bayyana.
Cutar ba ta warkewa a yau kuma tana yin barazana ga rayuwar ɗan adam. Alurar riga kafi ita ce hanya daya tilo da za a iya yakar cutar huhu.
Tularemia
Masu dauke da cutar su ne beraye, ƙuma da kaska. Irin wannan ciwo kusan kusan asymptomatic ne, kawai alamar tularemia shine rashin ci. Tare da haɓakar cutar, suppuration yana faruwa a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph na dabba, wanda ya rushe da kuma cutar da jini. Mara lafiya zomo ya mutu bayan kwanaki 2-4 daga gubar jini ko rashin ruwa.
Kwayar cuta
Yana daya daga cikin cututtukan da ke yaduwa cikin sauri tsakanin dabbobi. Mafi girman damar mutuwa a cikin matasa zomaye da kuma a cikin manya waɗanda ba su da rigakafi.
Alamar halayyar cutar ita ce kasancewar papules a kai, ciki da al’aura. Yanayin zafin jiki yana ƙaruwa sosai, dabbar ba ta da ƙarfi.
Rhinitis
Abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan cuta sun haɗa da ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙura da tururi na abubuwa masu cutarwa. Rhinitis yana shafar mucosa na hanci kuma, idan ba a kula da shi ba, yana haifar da kumburi a cikin huhu. Alamar alama ita ce fitarwa daga hanci, zomaye suna ƙoƙarin shafa hancinsu da tafukan su. Sakamakon mutuwa a cikin rashin magani yana faruwa a cikin kwanaki 7-14 daga farkon rhinitis.
Don maganin irin wannan cuta, ana amfani da maganin furacilin (2 allunan da rabin gilashin ruwa). Ana allurar maganin a cikin hanci sau 5 a rana don kwanaki 14, ana amfani da ƙarin hadaddun bitamin. Don magani, ana kuma amfani da allurar Fosprenil ta cikin tsoka.
A cikin nau’i na yau da kullum, an wajabta amfani da Penicillin, Tetracycline da Metronidazole. A cikin maganin rigakafi, ana kuma ba da shawarar yin amfani da prebiotics.
Cututtuka marasa yaduwa
Baya ga cututtuka na asali masu yaduwa, akwai cututtuka marasa yaduwa waɗanda kuma ke haifar da bacewar dabbobi.
Ciwon ciki
Dalilin flatulence a cikin zomaye shine rashin abinci mai gina jiki (yawan ciyawa, abinci mara kyau, abinci mara kyau). Cutar tana haifar da rashin daidaituwa a cikin hanji, wanda ke haifar da kumburin dabba mai tsanani kuma yana iya haifar da mutuwa.
Don hana flatulence, rage cin abinci na zomaye ya kamata a daidaita. Don sauƙaƙe yanayin dabba, kuna buƙatar canja wurin shi zuwa abinci mai bushe kuma rage yawan adadin yau da kullun ta sau 2.
Yana da kyawawa don maye gurbin ruwa tare da jiko na chamomile calcined.
Don kawar da spasm, ana amfani da maganin antispasmodic da magani. A nan gaba, ana amfani da magungunan hana fermentation don hana tabarbarewar yanayin dabba. Idan babu ingantaccen kuzari, ana yin allurar glucose da magungunan zuciya. Don rage zafi, ana amfani da magungunan kashe zafi, misali, No-shpu.
Raunin
Idan ba a lura da ka’idodin kiyaye zomaye ba (matsakaicin cages, manyan ramuka, kusoshi masu tasowa, da dai sauransu), raunin da ya faru a cikin dabbobi. Wadannan sun hada da karaya, tarwatsewa, laceration, wanda zai iya haifar da cututtuka da mutuwa.
Yakamata kuma a kula da cikin sel. Ganuwar ya kamata ya zama ko da yaushe, santsi, ƙusoshi ya kamata a lanƙwasa da kyau, ramukan da ke cikin keji ya kamata su zama ƙanana don zomaye ba za su iya manne gaɓoɓinsu ba.
Avitaminosis
Rashin bitamin a jikin zomo yana haifar da rashin lafiya mai tsanani da mutuwa. Ci gaban wannan yanayin yana faruwa ta hanyar rashin daidaituwar abinci ko cin zarafin microflora saboda rashin amfani da maganin rigakafi.
Masana sun gano nau’ikan beriberi da yawa, waɗanda suka fi yawa a cikin zomaye:
- Rashin bitamin A. Yana rinjayar matasa dabbobi, take kaiwa zuwa girma retardation, pathologies a cikin ci gaban kashi da epithelial nama, kazalika da cuta a cikin gabobin hangen nesa. Alamun sun haɗa da conjunctivitis tare da bayyanar cututtuka. Lokacin da aka yi watsi da su, haɗarin mutuwa yana ƙaruwa sosai. Don kawar da bayyanar cututtuka, ya zama dole don ƙara yawan karas, alfalfa da clover a cikin abinci. A cikin lokacin sanyi, yi amfani da hay mai inganci, silage, Kale da karas. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya haɗa man kifi a cikin abincin.
- Rashin bitamin D. Yana faruwa ne kawai a cikin matasa saboda rashin ƙarfi na metabolism na phosphorus da calcium. Yana kaiwa ga pathologies na nama kashi. Alamu daban-daban ne na kasusuwa da kuma yanayin sluggish na zomo. Irin wannan beriberi kuma zai iya haifar da mutuwa. Don magani, ana shigar da man kifi, alli fodder da garin phosphorus a cikin abincin zomaye.
- Rashin bitamin E. Tare da wannan nau’in, mace-mace ya kai fiye da 80% na zomaye matasa. Alamun a zahiri ba su nan, dabbobin da aka haifa suna mutuwa a farkon makonni biyu na rayuwa ba tare da alamun rashin lafiya ba. Dabbobin matasa sun zama marasa ƙarfi, sun rasa ci. Rashin bitamin E yana haifar da rashin haihuwa a cikin mata. Don rigakafin, ana bada shawara don ƙara abinci mai arziki a cikin bitamin E (alfalfa, sprouted hatsi, clover) zuwa ga rage cin abinci na zomaye.
Ana iya samun ƙarin bayani game da bitamin da ake bukata don zomaye a nan.
Subcooling
Zomaye suna da matukar damuwa ga canjin yanayin zafi. A cikin lokacin sanyi, a yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa 15-16 ° C, hypothermia yana faruwa, wanda ke haifar da mura a cikin dabbobi. Alamomin sun hada da kumburi da jajayen kunnuwa, da kuma kasala a cikin zomo.
Idan akwai hypothermia, wajibi ne a sanya kwalban ruwan dumi kusa da dabba, bayan an rufe shi da zane. Masana ba su ba da shawarar motsa dabbar da aka daskare zuwa dakin dumi ba, tun da ƙarancin zafin jiki na iya haifar da mutuwa.
Zafi ko bugun rana
Yawan zafin jiki da yawa yana haifar da bugun zafi. Alamun sune saurin numfashi, gajiya, zomaye kwance a gefen su.
Wannan yanayin yana tare da ja na mucous membranes kuma yana daɗaɗa shi da maƙarƙashiya, wanda ke haifar da mutuwa. Kuma da farko, ya kamata ku ba dabba damar samun iska mai kyau da wuri mai sanyi. Zai yiwu a yi amfani da damfara mai sanyi, kuma a lokuta masu tsanani, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da shirye-shiryen homeopathic da homotoxicological.
Wasu dalilai
Ticks Baya ga cututtuka, dabbobin suna fama da kaska da ke cikin kunnuwa. A gaban irin wadannan kwayoyin cutar, zomo yakan yi rashin natsuwa, yana tozarta kunnuwansa, kuma idan aka duba, za ka ga jajayen tabo, wadanda alamun cizo ne. Idan ba a kula da su ba, dabbobi suna samun asarar gashi mai tsanani, alamun gajiya da mutuwa. An yi nasarar cire ticks tare da shirye-shirye na musamman.
Mastitis. Mata a lokacin shayarwa na iya yin rashin lafiya tare da mastitis. Dalilin shi ne rashin tsabtace lokaci a cikin keji. Irin wannan rashin lafiya yana haifar da sepsis da mutuwar dabba.
Abincin da ba daidai ba. Abincin da ba a zaɓa ba ko rashin dacewa da abinci mara kyau na iya haifar da rikicewar da ba za a iya jurewa ba a cikin aikin tsarin narkewar abinci. Lokacin ciyar da zomaye tare da ciyawa mai sabo, ya zama dole a bincika abinci a hankali don rashin celandine, buttercup da narcissus. Haka kuma an haramta ciyar da dabbobi da farin burodi, farin kabeji, ‘ya’yan citrus da goro. Abincin ya kamata ya ƙunshi duk ma’adanai da bitamin da ake bukata don zomo.
Me yasa zomaye suke mutuwa?
Zomaye suna mutuwa daga cututtuka iri-iri, tunda har yanzu garkuwar jikinsu ba ta da ƙarfi kuma ba za su iya jure wa yawancin cututtuka ba.
staphylococcus
Dalilin ci gaban staphylococcus aureus a cikin zomaye shine rashin tsabtace lokaci a cikin keji. Cutar ta kasu kashi da dama:
- Septicopia. Yana rinjayar zomaye a farkon kwanakin rayuwa. Alamun ciwon ciki ne a jiki. Mutuwa tana faruwa ‘yan kwanaki bayan kamuwa da cuta.
- Yawo pyemia. Wannan nau’i yana da alaƙa da samuwar abscesses a ƙarƙashin fata ko a kan gabobin ciki na dabba. A wasu lokuta, irin wannan kumburin zai iya faruwa a cikin kwayar ido, wanda ke cike da fitowar ta.
- Janar septicemia. Tare da wannan iri-iri, ƙwayoyin cuta suna cutar da dukkan jikin zomaye, abscesses suna faruwa a kowace gaɓa, idan akwai lalacewar peritoneum, mutuwa ba makawa. Alamomin sun hada da yawan numfashi, rauni, da zazzabi.
Ƙananan yanayin zafi
Ƙananan zafin jiki a cikin rabbitry a gaban jarirai a ciki yana haifar da mutuwar matasa saboda hypothermia, tun da jikin zomaye ba zai iya daidaita yanayin jiki ba. Saboda haka, dabbobin yara suna iya daskarewa cikin sauƙi har su mutu. Sabili da haka, don hana irin wannan matsala, ya kamata ku kula da yawan zafin jiki na al’ada a cikin sel. A cikin lokacin sanyi, wajibi ne don ba da zomo tare da tsarin dumama. Hakanan kuna buƙatar saka idanu akan rashin zane a cikin ɗakin.
