Idan ka yanke shawara don samun akuya don shayar da madara mai kyau da lafiya, to, kana buƙatar gano abin da nau’in goat ɗin ya kasance, wanda ya dace da ku, kuma, ba shakka, yadda za a kula da dabba yadda ya kamata. domin ya kawo mafi girman fa’ida. Labarin zai yi la’akari da mafi yawan nau’o’in nau’i, ka’idodin kulawa da su, za a gaya wa abin da ƙwararrun awaki ke ba da madara maras wari.
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akuyar kiwo
Zaɓin akuyar kiwo yana da ɗan kwatankwacin siyan mota. Wannan abu ne mai daɗi, amma mai wahala. Wajibi ne a kasance masu hankali da taka tsantsan. Gaskiyar ita ce, mai sayarwa, yana ganin ku a matsayin mafari, na iya yin shiru game da nuances, misali, game da rashin lafiyar dabba. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine zaɓin goat tare da mutumin da ya fahimci batun, amma idan ba ku da irin wannan masaniya, to kawai kuna buƙatar yin nazarin wannan labarin kuma kuyi nazarin hotuna na nau’ikan iri daban-daban.
Abin da ke cikin labarin:
Awakin kiwo daga Switzerland
Saanen fadi
An kawo akuyar Saanen na farko zuwa kasar Rasha daga kasar Switzerland a shekarar 1989. Wannan nau’in ya shahara da girmansa, girman akuya ya kai santimita 85, kuma nauyin dabbar wani lokaci ya kai kilogiram 100. Bayanin nau’in – tsarin jiki yana da karfi, gashin gashi yana da fari. Babban bambancin wannan nau’in shine juriya, haihuwa da kuma rikodin yawan amfanin nono. Tare da kulawa mai kyau, akuyar kiwo na iya samar da har zuwa lita 1200 a kowace shekara. Idan kuna da yara a cikin gida, to, kiyaye wannan nau’in ya dace, saboda daidaikun nau’in Saanen suna da abokantaka sosai. Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci cewa madarar nau’in goat Saanen ba shi da wani yanayi mara kyau kuma yana da dandano mai kyau.
Saanen ya zubo
Amma akwai wasu rashin amfani na wannan nau’in. Da farko, tun da awaki suna da matukar buƙata kuma suna da daɗi a cikin abinci mai gina jiki, kiyaye su yana buƙatar wasu albarkatun kayan aiki. Abu na biyu, ba kowa ba ne zai iya siyan akuyar Saanen zalla, farashinsa ya fi $500 a kowace kai. Amma godiya ga aikin masu shayarwa, akwai kyakkyawar dama don siyan mestizo na wannan nau’in, yayin da yake adana mahimmanci. Yi nazarin hoto a hankali na Saanenskaya purebred don bambanta shi daga ƙetare nau’in.
Toggenburg irin
Nauyin akuya na Toggenburg ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman. Har ila yau, yana da yawa a kan ƙasa na tsohon CIS, ko da yake ya fito daga Switzerland mai nisa. Awaki na wannan nau’in ba su da ƙasa a samar da madara zuwa awakin Saanen, sun dace da kowane yanayi. Awaki suna da kyau a lokacin sanyi kuma suna ci gaba da samar da isasshen madara a cikin hunturu. Wannan gaskiyar tana da mahimmanci ga Rasha, Ukraine, Kazakhstan – ƙasashe masu tsananin yanayi.
Toggenburg awaki
A matsakaici, a lokacin shayarwa, akuya na samar da kimanin lita 700 na madara a kowace shekara. Kuma abinda ke cikinsa bai yi tsada ba. Nau’in Torrenbur yana da girma sosai, har zuwa yara 220 ana haihuwar su ne daga sarauniya ɗari, wani lokacin kuma ana haihuwar yara sau biyu a shekara.
Irin nau’in awakin kiwo daga Rasha
Na dogon lokaci, shahararrun nau’ikan awakin kiwo na Rasha sun haɗa da irin waɗannan nau’ikan:
Fararen Rasha
Farar akuyar kasar Rasha, dan asalin kasar Rasha, masu kiwo na kasar Rasha ne suka haifar da ita, sakamakon tsallaka nau’ukan gida da dama, daga baya kuma ta yadu a kasashen Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan da sauran kasashe. Nauyin jikin wannan nau’in kiwo da wuya ya kai kilogiram 60. Kyakkyawan kari ga mai siyan White na Rasha shine cewa gashin sa ya ƙunshi kashi goma sha biyar na ƙasa, yana tsefe akuya sau ɗaya kawai a shekara, kuna samun sama da 100 g na chic saukowa daga akuya ɗaya, wanda ake amfani da shi wajen kera. na samfurori da yawa, alal misali, shahararren shawl na Orenburg, wanda aka yi daga gashin goat.
Tabbas, ingancin samar da madarar farar akuya na Rasha tsari ne mai girma fiye da na dangin Switzerland. Tsayawa Farin Rashanci zai kawo muku fiye da lita 400 na madara a kowace shekara. Amma ba ma high yawan aiki Manuniya suna rama ta low cost, farashin goat daya tashi a cikin kewayon 2500-4500 rubles. Har ila yau, an bambanta wannan nau’in ta hanyar haihuwa mai yawa – an haifi fiye da yara 100 daga sarauniya 200.
Gorky irin
An haifi nau’in Gorky a yankin Rasha, sakamakon ketare Saanen da awakin Rasha. Wool ya ƙunshi har zuwa kashi goma ƙasa, kuma mafi ƙarancin adadin madarar da ake samarwa a kowace shekara shine lita 450 a kowace shekara. Haihuwar wannan nau’in shine har zuwa yara biyu a kowace shekara. Wakilan nau’in Gorky suna da karfi mai karfi, launi yana da nau’i biyu – launin toka da fari. Ya kamata a lura cewa ana amfani da fata na dabba don dinki takalma, saboda yana da inganci.
Gorky awaki
Hakanan awakin Gorky sune masu samar da nama. Naman akuya kayan abinci ne na abinci, yana da ɗanɗano fiye da ɗan rago. Wannan nau’in an daidaita shi sosai don tsananin lokacin sanyi kuma ba shi da daɗi a cikin kulawa da abinci mai gina jiki.
Sauran nau’ikan Awakin Kiwo
White Banatskaya
An samo sabon nau’in akuya na kiwo na Romania ta hanyar hada farar akuya na gida da akuyar Saanen. Babban alamun wannan nau’in sune gajerun kunnuwa, ba ma manyan ƙahonin saber ba, gajeriyar layin gashi, da madaidaiciyar kai a cikin bayanan martaba. White Banatskaya ya kai har zuwa santimita 70 a bushes, nauyi har zuwa kilogiram 50. Ta hanyar siyan dabbar wannan nau’in, zaku iya ƙidaya yawan adadin madara har zuwa lita 700 na madara.
Farin Czech
Wannan shi ne mafi yawan nau’in jinsin da aka fi sani a Jamhuriyar Czech. Kamar dai White Banatskaya, an samo shi ta hanyar haye akuya na gida tare da irin Saanen. Yana da jagorancin kiwo na yawan aiki.
Farin Czech
Siffofin da aka bambanta – gajeriyar murfin woolen mai laushi, launin gashi yana da fari, babu ƙaho a kai. Rikodin adadin madara na White Czech shine lita 970 na madarar akuya, tare da abun ciki mai mai 3,5%.
Lamancha goat
Wannan nau’in ya samo asali ne a Amurka mai nisa, an yi rajista bisa hukuma a cikin 1958. Baya ga aikin ban sha’awa (lita 6-8 na madara a kowace rana), wani nau’i na musamman na wannan nau’in shine yawan sa, dabba na iya haifar da yara har zuwa yara hudu a cikin guda ɗaya. .
Lamancha irin akuya
A cikin Rasha, wannan nau’in ya yadu sosai. Wani ɗan akuya har zuwa shekara ɗaya zai biya daga dubu goma rubles zuwa ashirin da biyar.
Siffofin kula da akuyar kiwo
Da farko, ina so in jaddada cewa akuya dabba ce mai tsananin son ‘yanci. Kuma don samun matsakaicin fa’ida daga dabba, dole ne ku tabbatar da isasshen tafiya da kiwo, har zuwa sa’o’i 6-7 a rana, amma a cikin lokacin kaka-hunturu, ana rage lokutan tafiya zuwa 3-4. Dole ne ku sani cewa wannan dabba yana da matukar wahala a jure kadaici, don haka mafi kyawun zaɓi shine siyan farko na aƙalla mutane biyu, daidai da ƙaramin akuya tare da yara.
Akuyar ba dabba ce mai ban sha’awa ba, amma dole ne a kiyaye shi cikin yanayi mai kyau. Don haka, dole ne ku samar da wuri mafi dacewa don kiyaye dabba.
Ƙungiyar wurin zama
Ya kamata ɗakin zama ya kasance mai tsabta da haske sosai, ba tare da zane ba. Abin da ake bukata shine ci gaba da samun iska, tsaftacewa akai-akai da canjin kwanciya a ƙasa akan lokaci.
Don kauce wa bayyanar wani wari mai ban sha’awa a cikin madara, ya kamata a kiyaye awaki daban da awaki, tun da yanayin warin da ke cikin awaki za a iya yada shi zuwa madara a sakamakon haka.
A lokacin rani, ana tura awaki zuwa gidan awaki kawai da dare. A cikin hunturu, dabba yana iya rayuwa a yanayin zafi har zuwa digiri 15, amma mafi dacewa – da digiri 6-8. Kuna iya kallon hotunan gidajen awaki don tsara wurin zama mafi dacewa ga dabbobi.
Kiwo goat abinci mai gina jiki
Amma game da abinci mai gina jiki, awaki ba su da daɗi a cikin abinci mai gina jiki. Dabbar za ta yi farin ciki ta cinye ciyawa da ciyawa. A lokacin rumbun ajiya, yana da daraja yin tanadin ciyawa da ciyawa da ciyawa. Kyakkyawan zaɓi don ciyar da goat ɗin kiwo shine yanke ciyawa a farkon lokacin fure, a lokacin matsakaicin ƙimar ƙimar ciyawa, wato bayan ƙarfe bakwai na yamma, ko da safe kafin ƙarfe tara. A cikin hunturu, domin ya bambanta da goat ta rage cin abinci, ya kamata ka ba ta aspen, Birch da poplar brooms, kazalika da willow, rasberi da alder. Favorably rinjayar da yawa da kuma ingancin madara amfani goat rassan spruce, Pine da aspen.
Domin akuyar kiwo ta samar da madara har tsawon lokacin da zai yiwu, dole ne a zubar da akalla sau ɗaya a shekara. Dabba mai ciki tana buƙatar abinci mai kyau, abincin dole ne ya haɗa da aƙalla kilogiram 1 na tushen amfanin gona, kilogiram 1 na hatsi, kuma a cikin watan da ya gabata, ana maye gurbin amfanin gona da tsintsiya. Abincin awaki kuma ya kamata ya bambanta da yawan adadin kuzari.
A taƙaice, Ina so in ce, ko da wane irin nau’in awakin kiwo da kuka zaɓa, ku tuna cewa lokacin siyan dabba, kuna samun ba kawai lita na madarar goat ba, har ma da dabbobi na gaske, sabon memba na iyali, tare da hali da hali. halaye. Ƙaunar dabbobi, bari kiwon da kula da awaki ya kawo farin ciki mai yawa.
Kuna iya yin alamar shafi wannan shafi
