Siffofin kiwo da kiwon awakin Shami

Shami (Akuyar Damascus) wani nau’in iri ne wanda yake baiwa mutane madara, nama, ulu da fata tun zamanin da. A cikin labarin za mu yi la’akari da manyan halaye na nau’in nau’i da shawarwari don kiyayewa da kiwo waɗannan awaki.

Shami awaki

Shami goat profile

Tarihin faruwa

Awakin Damascus suna da shekaru dubu da yawa, sun bayyana a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kakanninsu awakin Cyprus ne. A cikin tarihin al’umma, an adana karin magana da zantuka da tsoffin tarihin, inda aka ambaci waɗannan awaki. Ana daukar Siriya a matsayin mahaifar Shami mai tarihi. Akuyoyi sun sami suna na biyu don girmama birnin Siriya – Damascus.

Wannan nau’in ya shahara a duk duniya bayan wata gasa mai kyau tsakanin awaki da aka gudanar a shekarar 2008, inda Shami ta samu taken “Mafi kyawun akuya”.

A halin yanzu, ana kiwon awakin Damascus da kiwo a Falasdinu, Cyprus, Isra’ila da Siriya. Saboda kyakkyawan aikinsu, masu kiwon dabbobi suna amfani da waɗannan awaki don inganta wasu nau’o’in, ciki har da Saanen da Nubian Shorthair awaki.

Bayani da halaye na irin

Dangane da shahara da kima, Shami yana gogayya da dawakan Larabawa.

Matashin Shami kyakkyawa ne – ƙaramin kai da dogayen kunnuwa masu lanƙwasa, amma bayyanar akuyoyin manya ba sabon abu bane:

• kai ba daidai ba babba;
• ƙananan muƙamuƙi yana tura gaba, amma ta ma’auni ana buƙatar cizon al’ada;
• hanci hanci;
• kunnuwa suna da tsayi, har zuwa 32 cm;
• idanu suna da haske, amma an yarda da wasu launuka;
• wuyansa yana da tsayi;
• Yawancin awaki suna da ƙaho, amma a hankali masu kiwon dabbobi suna ƙoƙarin yin kiwon Shami mai polled;
• babban girma – awaki a bushewa sun kai 103 cm, awaki – game da 84 cm;
• kafafu suna da bakin ciki da tsayi;
• manyan masu girma dabam – nauyin awaki ya kai 130 kg, ƙananan awaki – har zuwa 95 kg;
• Yara jarirai suna da nauyin nauyin kilogiram 3,5, wani lokacin akwai mutane da 5,5 kg;
• rigar tana da kauri da tsayi, tana rufe dukkan jiki;
• launin ja-launin ruwan kasa, akwai launin ruwan kasa da launin rawaya, akwai fararen fata, amma wannan ba abin da ake so ba ne, ba a maraba da shams baƙar fata, wannan launi ne mai ban sha’awa;
• An bambanta halayen awaki da natsuwa da kyawawan dabi’u;
• mai wuya da sauƙin daidaitawa zuwa yanayi daban-daban, na iya rayuwa a kowane wuri.

Dogayen kunnuwa suna yin aikin daidaita yanayin jikin dabba, suna da tasoshin jini da yawa. A cikin yanayin zafi, akuya tana ba da zafi mai yawa ta hanyar su don kada ya yi zafi.

A tarihi, ana zabar awakin Shami ba don yawan nono ba, amma don daidai siffar kai. An fi daraja dabba mai siffar kai fiye da akuya mai lahani na waje, amma yana ba da madara mai yawa.

Siffofin da ya kamata ku mai da hankali a kansu lokacin zabar akuya:

• shugaban madaidaicin nau’i mai ma’ana mai ma’ana a kan hanci;
• kunnuwa ya kamata su zama tsayi, da kyau;
• ulu yana sheki, mai daɗi ga taɓawa;
• idanu suna bayyana, haske;
• kafafu masu karfi.

Samuwar awakin Shami

Akuyoyin Damascus dabbobi iri-iri ne da aka sani ba kawai don bayyanarsu ba, har ma da halaye masu amfani. Ko da yake an rarraba su a matsayin nau’in kiwo, tun zamanin d ¯ a sun ba wa mutum ba kawai madara ba, har ma da nama, ulu mai kyau, da fata mai kyau. Suna kuma da juna biyu.

Shami ba su da fa’ida kuma suna iya rayuwa tare da ƙarancin abinci, amma mafi kyawun yanayin tsarewa da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki, haɓakar nono da ingantaccen lafiya.

Suna ciyar da ‘ya’yansu da nono kwana 240-305 a shekara, a lokacin suna ba da madara daga lita 640 zuwa 1100 na madara. Ana samun kimanin lita 5 na madara kowace rana daga akuya ɗaya, kuma zakarun suna ba da har zuwa lita 9.

Shami yana ba da madara mai inganci:

• abun ciki mai madara 3,8-4,5%;
• furotin 3,7-4,4%;
• dandano yana da kyau, ba tare da jin dadi da ƙanshi na waje ba.

Kiwon akuya Shami

Shami kiwo da kyau, yayi girma da sauri kuma ya kara nauyi. Ana sauƙaƙe wannan ta hanyoyi masu zuwa na awaki da aka kwatanta:

• Maza suna kai girma da watanni 9.
• Mata suna shirye don ɗaukar kuma su haifi yara daga watanni 7-9 zuwa shekaru 6. Amma har yanzu yana da kyawawa don kada a rage akuya don kiwo har zuwa shekara, don haka jiki ya yi karfi kuma ya shirya don daukar ciki. Yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa nauyin akuya ya zama akalla 42 kg.
• Akuyar wannan nau’in tana da rago sau ɗaya a shekara, kuma tana iya kawo yara 2 ko 3, wani lokacin kuma akwai yara 4. Yawan haihuwa shine 180-250%.
• Ana yaye yara daga mahaifiyarsu suna da shekaru 45, amma don haɓaka yawan nono, yawanci suna yin yaye jarirai tun suna da shekaru biyu suna ƙara musu madarar uwa har tsawon wata ɗaya da rabi, da akuyoyin da kansu. ana shayarwa.
• Bayan haihuwar yara, farauta na gaba na goat yana faruwa a cikin kwanaki 45.
• Awaki na kara nauyi da sauri. A cikin watanni 4, sun riga sun auna kilo 34-36. Awaki suna samun nauyin 200-300 g kowace rana.

Siffofin kulawa da kulawa

Don awaki, kuna buƙatar ba da sito mai faɗi kuma kar ku manta game da ƙa’idodi masu sauƙi na kulawa da kulawa.

Abubuwan buƙatun gidan akuya:

• don garken awaki 5-7, ana buƙatar ɗaki mai girma na mita 7 × 5;
• kowane akuya yakamata ya kasance yana da bene da rumfa daban;
• zafin jiki da aka fi so a cikin kewayon daga +18 ° C zuwa +25 ° C;
• samun iska mai kyau;
• tsawon sa’o’in hasken rana aƙalla sa’o’i 10 ne.

A lokacin rani, dabbobi suna ciyar da mafi yawan yini kiwo. Da yamma, a ciyar da ciyawa ko yankakken ciyawa, kuma ƙara wasu roughage don ƙarin koshi.

A cikin hunturu, ciyar da ciyawa da aka riga aka shirya (ya kamata a samu a kowane lokaci), kuma da safe da maraice, ba da abinci mai laushi da kore (200-250 g ga kowane mutum). Haɗa ciyawa, hatsi, da wasu sabbin kayan lambu a cikin abincin yamma.

Me za ku iya ciyarwa:

• hay;
• silage;
• dakakken hatsi;
• dakakken wake;
• kayan lambu;
• kore kore;
• rassan;
• ciyawa.

Kayayyakin da aka haramta:

• Red clover;
• kore dankali;
• lalace kayayyakin.

A cikin hunturu, ba da ƙarin rukunin kagara don guje wa beriberi. Don ƙarin bayani game da ciyar da awaki a cikin hunturu, duba wannan labarin.

Ka ba awakinka tsaftataccen ruwan dumi kuma a canza shi akai-akai. Da dare, ka tabbata ka bar isasshen ruwa domin ya wadatar ga kowa da kowa.

Ana buƙatar kulawa na yau da kullun na gashi da kofato:

• tsefe awaki a kowane ƴan kwanaki, kuma a tabbata a yi wa waɗanda suka girma sosai;
• tsaftace kuma duba kofato bayan kowace gudu.

Gabaɗaya matakan rigakafin cututtuka:

• don kare kariya daga cututtuka, ba da magungunan antihelminthic lokaci-lokaci;
• don rigakafin cututtukan dabbobi tare da cututtukan hanji, kiyaye ruwa mai tsabta kuma kada a bar awaki su sha a cikin tafkunan da ba su da ƙarfi;
• don kada ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa su ƙaru, canza wurin kwanciya yau da kullun, kuma sau ɗaya a mako ana yin tsaftacewa gabaɗaya tare da lalata;
• don guje wa cututtuka na kofato, yi wanka tare da jan karfe sulfate sau ɗaya a wata don dabbobi;
• don hana mastitis, a hankali bi da nono kafin da bayan kowace madara;
• kar ka manta game da kariyar kayan haɓaka na yanayi – wannan zai inganta rigakafi, kare dabba daga ƙwayoyin cuta masu haɗari;
• kula da kunnuwanku, idanunku da hakora.

Akuyar shami ba tada hankali, don haka kina iya ajiye babban garke.

Dogon ulu yana kare Shami daga canjin yanayin zafi, don haka ana kiyaye su a kusan kowane yanayi. Kamar sauran nau’o’in, Siriyawa suna jin tsoron zane.

Yadda ake nono da kyau:

1. Ware wani wuri da lokaci don nonon akuya.
2. Shirya kanka da dabbar ku yadda ya kamata:
   • wanke hannuwanku sosai da ruwan dumi, da nono na akuya;
   • a lokacin nono, ɗauki dabba tare da abinci;
   • magana a hankali kuma a hankali tare da akuya;
   • don inganta yanayin jini, tausa nono nono da kyau;
3. A ƙarshen tsari, shafa nono bushe, disinfect da lubricate tare da moisturizer na musamman.

Fa’idodi da rashin amfani

Tare da nazarin haƙiƙa na wannan nau’in, mutum zai iya bambanta fa’ida da rashin amfaninsu.

Amfani:

• siffar nono ya dace sosai don injinan nono;
• unpretentiousness a cikin abinci;
• lafiya mai kyau da gashi mai kauri yana ba ku damar daidaita yanayin yanayi daban-daban;
• mafi girma yawan aiki;
• versatility – madara mai inganci, fata, fata;
• madara mai inganci da dadi, ba tare da wari mara kyau ba;
• zaman lafiya, dabi’ar rashin fahimta;
• karfi jiki da karfi kafafu;
• Ƙarfin haɓaka ilhami na uwa;
• babban haihuwa da precocity;
• da ikon daidaitawa da kyau ga yanayin yanayi daban-daban;
• saurin girma da maturation.

Amma akwai kuma rashin amfani da irin:

• da’irar masu shayarwa yana da iyaka, amma idan ka saya daga Yahudawa ko Sinanci, sau da yawa za ka ga “canjawa”;
• babban farashi – har zuwa $ 67 da akuya;
• kaho – kana buƙatar iya sarrafa nau’in kaho daidai;
• wasu ba sa son kamannin Shami.

Jawabin

Eugene, mazaunin bazara, 46 shekaru, Moscow. Akuya nama ne da kiwo, na ajiye su ne da farko don ciyar da iyalina. Da farko muna da akuyar Saanen, amma ba ma son nono. Yana da ban mamaki sabo, amma lokacin da mai tsanani, wani takamaiman warin akuya ya bayyana, kuma yana cikin yogurt da cuku gida. Saboda haka, sun yi ƙoƙari su fara lamanches, kuma ba haka ba.

Sai suka sayi awakin Damascus. Yanzu ba na so in canza su zuwa wani nau’in. Tare da madararsu, iyalina suna son duk sauran kayan nonon akuya kuma. Mun gamsu sosai da ingancin madara – gaba ɗaya ba tare da takamaiman wari ba, mai yawa da mai. Akuyar tana da nutsuwa kuma madara yanzu tana ba da ƙasa da nubies. Goat Shah – kawai a bayyanar da ban tsoro, amma a gaskiya mai kirki da biyayya a matsayin kwikwiyo, kuma mai ƙauna kamar kyanwa.

Anastasia, mai shekaru 39, manomi, yankin Rostov. Na yanke shawarar gaya muku game da dabbobi na – awaki na irin Shami. Sun shafe shekaru 2 suna zaune tare da mu, sun dace da yanayin mu cikin sauƙi da sabon yanayin. Waɗannan halittu ne masu ban sha’awa da ban mamaki, masu natsuwa da matsakaicin phlegmatic. Rigarsu ba ta da tsayi sosai, amma a saman bayanta akwai, kamar wata doguwar ulu. A cikin hunturu yana ƙaruwa. Akuyoyinmu sun fito ne daga wata babbar gonar Turkiyya da ta kware wajen noman madara. Ya zuwa yanzu ban taba nadamar siyan su ba.

Saboda yawan aiki, rashin fahimta da bayyanar da ba a saba gani ba, awakin Shami sun shahara sosai a Gabas ta Tsakiya. A hankali, sha’awar su na karuwa a wasu ƙasashe. Har yanzu kasar Rasha na wadannan awakin ba ta samu kwarewa ba saboda tsada da rashin kwarewa wajen kiwo a tsakanin masu kiwon awaki na gida. Amma akwai wasu masu sha’awar da suka samu kuma suka yi nasarar noman awakin Damascus a Rasha.