Shirya rumbu tare da mai ciyar da awaki na musamman wani muhimmin al’amari ne, tunda wadannan dabbobin a lokacin cin abinci, sai su ja shi, su sauke, sannan su tattake shi da kofatonsu. Amma a lokaci guda, ba za su ɗaga hay ba ko abinci mai gina jiki daga ƙasa – suna da yawa. Sabili da haka, wajibi ne a zabi tsarin da ya dace bisa ga sigogi daban-daban.
alƙawari
Awaki sune mafi tsabta da sauri artiodactyls. Don kula da lafiyar su, ya zama dole a yi amfani da abinci mai inganci kuma koyaushe mai tsabta, wanda ya kamata ya bambanta.
A saboda wannan dalili, an ƙera masu ciyar da kayayyaki daban-daban, waɗanda suka dace da kowane nau’in samfura. Ana kuma buƙatar su don wasu dalilai:
- rage farashin abinci (lokacin da suka fadi, ragowar dole ne a jefar da su);
- kiyaye sabo;
- kariya daga datti, ƙura;
- ajiye sarari a cikin gidan awaki (don wannan, ana sanya gidan gandun daji a waje ta rami a bango).
Na’urar da aka tsara da kyau da kuma shigar da ita za ta ba da iyakar ta’aziyya ba kawai ga awaki a lokacin cin abinci ba, har ma ga mutumin da ke tsaftace corral.
bukatun ciyarwa
Dokokin yin amfani da masu ciyar da akuya sun dogara da dalilai daban-daban – irin nau’in abinci da ake nufi da shi, yadda za a adana abinci mafi kyau, matakin dacewa ga dabbobi da, mafi mahimmanci, aminci. Kuna iya siyan mai ciyarwa a kowane kantin sayar da kayayyaki na musamman, a kasuwa, amma ƙwararrun manoma sun fi son yin su da kansu.
Ciyar da aminci
Samfurin mai ciyarwa dole ne ya riƙe abinci da ƙarfi daga faɗuwa a kowane bangare – wannan shine babban abin da ake buƙata don aminci. Idan ba haka ba, manomi zai yi asara, saboda abincin da aka hada da taki bai dace da ci ba.
Amma ƙananan yara kuma za su iya cin abinci daga ƙasa, kuma wannan yana haifar da cututtuka masu yaduwa. Don adana abinci, la’akari da waɗannan:
- idan ba zai yiwu a yi sabon mai ba da abinci ba, canza wani babban rami a ƙarƙashinsa, inda ragowar za su fadi;
- yin gandun daji na matakin biyu;
- jiki ya kasance da ƙarfi, amma tare da ramuka daidai da girman kan akuya, ta yadda zai iya shiga cikin sauƙi;
- tsawo na “dakin cin abinci” ga manya ya bambanta daga 130 zuwa 150 cm, ga yara – 50-70 cm.
A ɗaure mai ciyarwa a bangon rumbun don kada awaki su iya buga shi yayin wasanni, ciyarwa.
Sauƙin gini
Mafi sauƙi samfurin, mafi sauƙi don yin shi a gida, wanda zai kuma adana kuɗi, lokaci da ƙoƙari. Zane mai sauƙi ya fi sauƙi don kiyayewa – tsaftace shi, wanke shi, gyara shi. Don wannan, ana amfani da wuraren gandun daji na nau’in rataye a cikin nau’in akwati.
Adadin mai ciyarwa don ƙaramin gonaki shine 30 kg.
Tsaro
Lokacin shirya murjani, manomi dole ne ya zama jagorar ka’idodin kare lafiyar dabbobi. Wannan gaskiya ne musamman ga na’urorin da aka yi niyya don abinci, tunda kai zai iya makale a cikin ramin ramin, kaifi sasanninta, da sauransu.
Don haka, ƙididdige girman ramukan daidai kuma bi ƙa’idodin aminci na asali:
- ga kowane akuya, raba mai ciyar da mutum ɗaya, idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, to, aƙalla dabbobi 2 yakamata su ci daga zane ɗaya;
- kada ku sanya ramukan da yawa da yawa – dabbobi za su iya shiga ciki ta hanyar makale da ƙafafunsu, amma kunkuntar ba za su iya zama ba, don haka nisa tsakanin kai da saman / kasa na ramin a kowane gefe ya kamata ya zama 4-6 cm;
- nisa na rami ya dogara da yada ƙaho;
- idan sito ya ƙunshi manya da ƙananan mutane a lokaci guda, yi mai ciyarwa tare da rami mai siffar maɓalli – a saman matakin rata ya fi girma fiye da kasa;
- Mafi kyawun tsarin gidan gandun daji yana cikin layi ɗaya don kowace dabba ta sami damar kusanci abincinta;
- zane bai kamata ya ƙunshi kusoshi masu tasowa ba, kusurwoyi masu kaifi, manyan kwakwalwan kwamfuta da makamantansu.
Tun da awaki suna tsinke akan kayayyakin katako, kar a rufe su da fenti da fenti. Wannan zai haifar da maye.
Nau’in ciyarwa
Ga kowane nau’in ciyarwa, an yi nufin wani nau’in mai ciyarwa. Alal misali, hatsi zai zube a cikin komin dabbobi da manyan gibi, kuma ciyawa za ta makale a cikin gine-ginen bunker, toshe bututu.
Akwai manyan nau’o’i da yawa, dangane da abincin awaki:
- Don hay. Tsarin yana da girma (girman ya dogara da nauyin bales) kuma yana buɗewa tare da gratings da crossbars. An shirya su don dabbar ta sami damar isa ga hay, amma ba ta iya hawa ciki ba. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine kayan aikin Faransanci da ɗakin gandun daji na yau da kullun.
- Don ciyawa. Tsarin bene da aka fi amfani dashi, saman wanda aka sanye shi da sanduna. Babban abin da ake buƙata shine gyare-gyaren abin dogara ga ƙasa, ban da jujjuyawa.
- hatsi, abinci. Ya kamata abinci mai yawa ya kasance a cikin rufaffiyar kwandon abinci da aka yi da bututun PVC. Ka’idar aiki ita ce samar da hatsi daga saman bututu, bayan haka ciyarwar ta motsa ƙasa.
Akwai zaɓuɓɓukan haɗaka waɗanda ke haɗa nau’ikan feeders 2-3 lokaci ɗaya. A gida, ana amfani da ganga na filastik, itace, da sauransu don wannan.
Manyan nau’ikan da makircinsu
An raba masu ciyar da awaki zuwa rukuni bisa ga alamun motsi:
- tsayayye – ba za a iya motsa su daga wurin su ba, tun lokacin da aka gyara su a kan sito (bango / bene);
- wayar hannu – sauƙin motsawa yayin tsaftacewa / sake tsarawa;
- kishingiɗa (nadewa) – waɗanda, idan ya cancanta, za a iya ninka ko ɗaure su a bango.
Tsare-tsare don kera feeders sun bambanta, amma akwai adadin nuances waɗanda ake buƙata don kowane nau’in feeders:
- Girma a tsayi ga matasa dabbobi har zuwa 20 cm, manya har zuwa 40 cm;
- tsawo daga bene zuwa tanki – game da 50 cm;
- tsayin dukan tsarin shine 100-150 cm;
- nisa tsakanin sanduna – ga yara har zuwa watanni 6 8-10 cm, don awaki – 20-25 cm.
Kayayyaki da Kayan aiki
Don yin ciyar da goat da kanka, ba kwa buƙatar samun kwarewa mai yawa, kawai kuyi nazarin makircin, tsarin aikin kuma shirya kayan aiki da kayan aiki masu mahimmanci.
Abin da kuke bukata:
- Tushen. An yi shi daga allunan katako, sanduna, plywood, zanen karfe, filastik, ganga, bututun PVC.
- Wuraren giciye. A gare su, tara kayan katako, ragar raga, hoses, ko wasu ingantattun kayan da suka dace.
- Fasteners. Yi amfani da kusoshi, skru, skru, sasanninta.
- Kayan aiki. Kuna iya buƙatar hacksaw don itace (ko ƙarfe), injin walda, guduma, filaye, screwdriver, rawar soja, chisel, jirgin sama, jigsaw.
- Aids. Waɗannan su ne fensir, crayons, alkalan ji-ji-ji ko alamomi, ma’aunin tef.
Ana zaɓar kayan aiki da kayan aiki bisa tsarin da za a kera.
Nau’in yaro
Wannan shine mafi sauƙin ƙira da ake amfani da shi sau da yawa a cikin gidaje. Don masana’anta, ana buƙatar abubuwan katako ko kayan ƙarfe. Akwai adadi mai yawa na samfurori da aka yi da itace – duk ya dogara da tunanin maigidan.
Buga na Classic
Ana yin ma’auni na ma’auni a cikin matakai 4 – ƙirƙirar firam, ƙasa, saman da taro. Tsarin gargajiya tare da ƙima mai girma:
Umurni na mataki-mataki:
- Fara tare da firam ɗin ƙasa. Don yin wannan, ɗauki allunan mafi fadi – guda 8, yi alama akan su. Waɗannan za su zama tarnaƙi a tsayi da faɗi.
- Yi amfani da sanduna don ƙafafu – gani kashe zuwa girman da ake so (daga bene zuwa saman mai ciyarwa).
- Haɗa firam ɗin – ƙusa allon 4 kewaye da kewaye.
- Yi ƙasa – buga allon da yawa a cikin garkuwa ɗaya tare da faɗi da tsayin firam ko yanke shi daga plywood.
- Kusa ƙasa zuwa gindi.
- Haɗa ƙarin alluna 4 zuwa firam a saman.
- Shirya wasu ƴan dogo waɗanda ke aiki azaman sanduna.
- Kusa kan tushe a tsaye.
Ana amfani da komin dabbobi don ciyawa da ciyawa.
Daga ƙarfafawa
Tsarin ƙarfe yana da fa’idodi da yawa – suna da nauyi, don haka ba a buƙatar wakilai masu nauyi, suna da ƙarfi, dorewa, ƙarfi. Amma don masana’anta, kuna buƙatar ƙwarewa wajen yin aiki tare da injin walda.
Abin da kuke bukata:
- galvanized zanen gado – kauri 2 mm;
- sandunan ƙarfe – diamita 18 mm;
- bututu – diamita 12 mm;
- ƙarfafawa – kauri 8 mm.
Ana iya maye gurbin ƙwanƙwasa da waya mai laushi mai girman girman.
Haɗawa da walda a cikin tsari:
- Yi firam.
- Yanke kafafu (ana amfani da sanduna).
- Shirya bangon gefe da tushe na galvanized zanen gado.
- Weld da grids.
Zaɓin taron, farawa daga ƙasa kuma yana ƙarewa tare da saman, ana ɗaukar mafi kyau duka.
Duk da fa’idodi da yawa, gandun daji daga ƙarfafawa yana da rashin amfani da yawa:
- sassan ƙarfe masu tasowa suna da wuyar zagayawa, don haka abubuwa masu kaifi sun kasance, waɗanda ke keta aminci;
- hadaddun aikin.
Zane tsarin ƙarfe:
Faransanci
Masu sana’a na jama’a na Faransa suna da nasu tsarin haɓaka don kera na’urorin abinci, waɗanda ke samun nasara a duk faɗin duniya. Amfani:
- ergonomics;
- riba – ko da yake hay ya fadi a kasa, ya kasance a cikin mai ba da abinci, don haka babu asarar abinci;
- saukakawa awaki;
- versatility (dace da hay da sako-sako da abinci).
Hakanan akwai ragi – babu murfin, don haka awaki na iya tsalle sama. Don kauce wa wannan, masana sun ba da shawarar hanyoyin 2 don magance matsalar – don yin rufin ko ƙara tsarin a tsawo.
Anyi daga itace. Jeri mataki-mataki:
- Buga akwatin girman da ake so. Duk wani abu ya dace da wannan – allon, guntu, plywood, da dai sauransu.
- Yanke kafafu daga sanduna. Ya kamata a sami 2 daga cikinsu, tun da an ƙusa su tare da nisa na firam. Tsayi – bai wuce 15 cm ba (don awaki su sami abinci daga ƙasa).
- A cikin ganuwar tare da tsayi (baya da gaba), yanke ramuka masu dacewa da girman kawunan awaki.
- Sarrafa duk abubuwan don kada a sami guntu, da sauransu.
- Haɗa dukkan abubuwa.
Hoton makirci tare da madaidaicin ma’auni, wanda ba a ba da shawarar karkatar da shi ba (banda shine tsayi):
Zane yana inganta aikin makiyaya, an sake tsara mai ciyarwa. Amma abu mafi mahimmanci shi ne cewa an sanya babban adadin abinci nan da nan a ciki, don haka ba kwa buƙatar yin wannan aikin mai cin lokaci sau 2-3 a rana.
dakatar
An yi la’akari da samfurin ya yadu kuma an sauƙaƙe. Dalilin – bambaro, hay. Sanya a bangon sito, ƙofofi, partitions da sauran sifofi na tsaye. Ya bambanta a cikin riba da sauƙi na samarwa kamar yadda ake buƙata don yin ganuwar 1 ko 3 kawai.
Yadda za a yi shi:
- Shirya sanduna, slats, fasteners da kayan aikin.
- Haɗa katako zuwa bango, yana da alamun masu zuwa: tsayin 40 cm, sashin giciye 50 mm. Idan ana amfani da katako, to ya kamata kauri ya zama 35-40 mm, nisa 10 cm. Nisa daga bene zuwa ƙananan matakin mai ciyarwa shine 20-25 cm.
- Koma baya daga katako na kasa 80 cm. Nuna wani allo a kwance.
- Haɗa tare da sanduna a tsaye a tarnaƙi.
- Zuwa ƙananan sassa, na tsakiya da na sama, ƙusa sanda a kowane gefe don su kasance daidai da ƙasa kuma su nuna gaba.
- Haɗa manyan allunan tare da mashaya kuma. A kan sa, ƙusa slats ɗin da ke tafiya a tsaye zuwa ƙasan ɓangaren da ke manne da bango.
Akwai wasu zaɓuɓɓuka:
- kusurwa – ya isa ya ƙusa allunan a gefen kusurwar kuma ya haɗa su zuwa tsarin da aka gama (daga dogo, wasan kwaikwayo, sandunan ƙarfe, tsohon gado, da dai sauransu);
- raga – sarkar-link – wani yanki yana kawai haɗe zuwa bango;
- ganga – yi tagogi a ciki.
Babban hasara shine asarar abinci, yayin da yake farkawa a ƙasa. A madadin, zaku iya shigar da ruwa mai tsabta daga ƙasa.
Daga ganga filastik
Ana yin manyan feeders daga tsofaffin ganga na filastik, muddin ba su da guba. Don haka, ba za ku iya amfani da samfuran da aka adana mai da mai (man fetur da mai) da makamantansu ba. Idan akwai ganga na manne, fenti, da sauransu, tsaftace shi sosai kafin amfani (tare da samfurori na musamman ko sabulun wanki).
Kula da irin waɗannan fasalulluka – kada a sami manyan fashe, kayan dole ne su kasance masu dorewa.
A kwance
Tsarin da aka shigar a kwance ko da yaushe yana da yanke a tsaye.
Dokokin masana’anta:
- Sanya akwati a gefensa, alamar tsayin yanke (daga 5 zuwa 15 cm daga lanƙwasa wanda ya zo a banza.
- Zana layi tare da alkalami mai ji, yanke tare da tsayin duka tare da jigsaw. Wannan zai zama saman inda aka ajiye abinci. Kada ku jefar da sauran – ana iya amfani dashi azaman murfin, misali, idan kun shigar da tsarin akan titi.
- A bangarorin biyu, auna maki 3-4 don windows. Zana ramuka tare da alamar kuma yanke.
- A ƙasa, yi ƙananan ramuka don ruwa don magudana (kawai idan).
- Yashi duk yanka tare da sandpaper.
- Yi katako na katako wanda za a shigar da ganga a ciki.
A tsaye
Wannan…
