Nau’in gudun doki

Gait wani nau’in motsin doki ne. Fassara daga Faransanci, wannan kalma a zahiri tana nufin “hanyar motsi.” Dole ne kowane mai hawa novice ya fahimci nau’ikan gaits, saboda a yanayi daban-daban ya zama dole a zaɓi nau’in motsi wanda ya fi aminci ga doki da mahayi.

Hawan doki

Nau’in gaits

Akwai gaits na halitta da na wucin gadi. Ƙungiya ta farko ta haɗa da hanyoyin motsi da ke cikin dukkan dawakai. Waɗannan su ne salon motsi da ake ba wa doki tun daga haihuwa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:

• mataki;
• lynx;
• zalla;
• inokhod.

Hankali! Wasu dawakan ana haihuwar su ne masu taki, wasu kuma ana koya musu taki.

Dabbobi sun mallaki nau’ikan gaits na wucin gadi ta hanyar horo. Ana amfani da su a cikin zane-zane na circus da kuma a cikin gasar sutura. Wannan rukunin ya ƙunshi nau’ikan motsi kamar haka:

• nassi;
• piaffe;
• mataki na Spain;
• zalla a kan kafafu uku;
• juya gallop.

Gaits na halitta

Mataki

Mafi saurin tafiyar doki shi ake kira yawo. Wannan gait ce mai bugun guda huɗu, wacce ke da alaƙa da rashin lokacin dakatarwa, wato, motsi a cikin mataki, dokin koyaushe yana sake tsara kofofinsa.

Hankali! Gudun matakan doki yana daga 7,5-8 km / h.

Akwai matakai iri uku:

Waɗannan nau’ikan sun bambanta da tazara tsakanin gaba da baya na dokin tafiya. Tare da ɗan gajeren mataki, waƙoƙin da ƙwanƙolin hindu suka bari suna cikin nisa mai nisa daga waƙoƙin ƙafafu na gaba. Lokacin da doki ke tafiya a matsakaicin taki, kafafunsa na baya suna kamawa da kafafunsa na gaba kuma suna kan matakin daidai da su. Lokacin da yazo da tsayin daka, kwafin kofaton kafafun baya yana da santimita da yawa gaba da na gaba.

Lynx

Ƙaƙwalwar ƙafar ƙafar ƙafa biyu ce ga dawakai; masu farawa sun ƙware shi bayan mataki. Yana da saurin motsi mafi girma. Masu hawan farko sun sami irin wannan nau’in gudu mafi wuya saboda yana da lokaci lokacin da doki ya rataye a cikin iska. Duk kofofinta a wannan lokacin suna daga kasa.

zazzagewa

Doki mai tagulla yana runtse kafafunsa na hagu na gaba da na dama a lokaci guda, sannan ya rataye a iska, bayan ya taka sauran kafafun biyu. A wannan yanayin, zaku iya ji 2 bayyanannun bugun. Don jin dadi a cikin sirdi a lokacin irin wannan gudu, mahayin yana buƙatar motsawa cikin lokaci tare da steed, tashi a lokacin lokacin dakatarwa.

Mahaya sun raba trot zuwa nau’ikan 4 bisa ga ka’idoji masu kama da rarrabuwar nau’ikan tafiya:

• tattara;
• matsakaici;
• kara da cewa;
• aiki.

Hankali! Gudun gudu – 16 km / h. Irin nau’in da aka haifa musamman don saurin gudu a cikin kayan doki, wanda ake kira trotters, suna tafiya da sauri, suna rufe nisan kilomita 20 a cikin sa’a guda.

Gallop

Gudun doki mafi sauri ana kiransa gallop, yana cikin gaits uku ne. Ga masu farawa, irin wannan motsi yana da ban tsoro, saboda dabbar da ke gudu a babban gudun da alama ba za a iya sarrafawa ba. A gaskiya ma, mahayi na iya sauƙin jure wa motsi a cikin gallop fiye da a trot, babban abu shine ya koyi yadda za a zauna a cikin sirdi.

A lokacin da ake hallo, ana jin bugun kofato 3 a ƙasa. Dokin mai gudu ya fara kawo gaɓar baya ɗaya gaba, sannan na biyu tare da kofaton gaban yayi daidai da shi, sannan ya sauke kofato na gaba na biyu. Sa’an nan ya zo wani ɗan gajeren lokaci na dakatarwa, sa’an nan kuma sake zagayowar.

An kasu gallop zuwa iri da yawa:

• tattara (mafi yawan jinkirin bugun bugun jini guda uku) – 200 m / min;
• fagen fama – doki yana tafiyar mita 300 a minti daya;
• matsakaici – daga 400 zuwa 700 m / min;
• lilo – doki yana haɓaka gudun har zuwa 800 m / min;
• quarry (mafi girman nau’in gallop) – kusan 1 km / min.

Hankali! Ana ɗaukar dawakan hawan dawakai mafi sauri a duniya. Matsakaicin gudun su shine 66-69 km/h.

Amble

Amble wata hanya ce ta motsi, wadda ita ce giciye tsakanin gallop da trot. Bambance-bambancen wannan “gait” shine cewa dabbar ta sake tsara kafafunta da ke gefe ɗaya na jiki, kuma ba diagonally ba.

Pacers

Pacers suna da daraja sosai saboda yanayin motsinsu yana da daɗi ga mahayi. Yayin gudu, ba a jin girgiza. Amble hali ne na wasu nau’o’in kuma ana gado daga iyaye zuwa ga bawan. Irin wannan motsi za a iya haɓaka ta hanyar wucin gadi ta hanyar horar da doki.

Magana. Masu tafiya cikin sauƙi suna shawo kan nesa mai nisa, amma motsi ya fi musu wahala.

Gaits na halitta kuma sun haɗa da:

1. Tölt – halayyar dawakai Icelandic. Dabbobin yana sake tsara kafafunsa kamar yadda yake tafiya, amma yana motsawa da sauri, kuma ga mahayi irin wannan “gait” yana da dadi sosai, ba ya haifar da girgiza.
2. Paso fino mataki ne mai sauri, gajere.
3. Marsha wani nau’i ne na amble wanda wasu nau’ikan dawakai a Brazil ke nunawa. A gare su, wannan tafiya ce ta dabi’a, ana watsa shi a matakin kwayoyin halitta. Hanyoyin tafiya na picada Maris, cambric da trotade an bambanta su ta hanyar motsi mai laushi, wanda aka kimanta su.

Gaits na wucin gadi

Wucewa

Wucewa wani nau’in gait ne da aka halicce shi bisa tushen lynx, kawai motsin doki a cikin wannan yanayin yana da kyau kuma yana da kyau. Nuna wannan hanyar motsi, dokin a lokaci guda yana turawa ƙasa tare da kofofin bayansa, yana ɗaga su sama. Don koyar da doki wucewa, kuna buƙatar horar da tsayi da ƙarfi. Kyakkyawan lafiyar jiki yana da matukar muhimmanci.

Piaffe

Gait ɗin piaffe ya bambanta da nassi ta hanyar dogon lokacin dakatarwa. Gangar bayan doki a lokacin zanga-zangar suna lanƙwasa a ƙarƙashin jiki, croup ɗin ya ɗan rage ƙasa, kuma tsokoki na baya suna da ƙarfi sosai, yana sa mahayin ya ji rawar jiki.

Alamun piaffe

Spanish mataki

Irin wannan tafiya shine babban abin da ke cikin babbar makarantar hawan keke. Tafiya na Mutanen Espanya ya ƙunshi madaidaicin tsayin tsayin madaidaiciyar ƙafar doki, yayin da na baya ke motsawa ta hanyar da aka saba. An kimanta matakin gwaninta na mahayin da doki ba kawai ta hanyar ma’auni na waje ba, har ma da matakin ƙarar – doki mai gwaninta yana tafiya a hankali tare da mataki na Mutanen Espanya.

Nau’in gallop na wucin gadi

Gallo mai kafa uku wani nau’i ne mai ban sha’awa na gudu. A wannan yanayin, dabba yana gudana ta amfani da ƙafafu 3 kawai, gaba ɗaya yayin motsi ya kasance mai girma kuma kada ya taɓa ƙasa. Akwai kuma canter na baya, wanda dabbar ta koma baya. Ana iya ganin irin wannan tafiya a cikin circus.

Koyon hawa, da ma fiye da haka don ƙware kowane nau’in hawan doki, ba shi da sauƙi. Ana shawartar mahayan mafari da su haɓaka ƙwarewar hawan su a hankali – da farko tafiya, sannan kuma trot da gallop. Lokacin da mahayi ya mallaki ainihin nau’ikan guje-guje, zaku iya fara aiwatar da hadaddun abubuwa da haɓaka ƙwarewar hawan ku. Ana yin duk wannan a ƙarƙashin jagorancin ƙwararren malami a cikin bin matakan tsaro.