Pablo beetroot – sanannen matasan tare da kyakkyawan dandano

Beetroot Pablo F1 wani nau’in tebur ne na matasan Holland. Yana nufin amfanin gona na matsakaici-farko tare da lokacin girma na watanni 1-2. Ya shahara sosai a tsakanin mazauna yankunan sanyi, saboda shuka ce mai jure sanyi kuma cikin sauƙin jure sanyi. A lokaci guda, beets suna da dandano mai dadi kuma ana iya amfani dasu don kowane nau’in sarrafawa. Daga gare ta za ku iya dafa salads, darussan farko, kayan lambu na gefen jita-jita har ma da caviar.

Bayanin halaye

An haifi Hydride Pablo a cikin Netherlands ta Bejo Zaden. Ana iya samun manyan abubuwan sa a ƙasa:

Dukiya

Bayani

Manufar Pablo ya dace da ajiya na dogon lokaci, sarrafawa da amfani da sabo. Don haka, sanannen nau’in nau’in beets tebur ne. Lokacin ripening Lokacin ciyayi (daga bayyanar farkon sprouts zuwa ripening na tushen amfanin gona cikakke) matsakaicin kwanaki 100-115. Yawan aiki Daga murabba’in 1. m yankin da aka shuka, zaku iya tattara har zuwa kilogiram 7 na tushen amfanin gona. Saboda yawan amfanin gonarsa, wannan matasan galibi ana shuka shi ne don siyarwa. Yankin girma Ana iya girma a kowane yanki na yanayi, gami da yankuna masu yanayin sanyi, saboda yana nuna juriya ga yanayin yanayi mara kyau. Sau da yawa girma a ko’ina cikin Rasha, Moldova da Ukraine. Baya buƙatar ƙasa mai inganci da kulawa da hankali. Shuka Ganyen tsire-tsire masu matsakaici ne, launin kore mai haske, jijiyoyi masu ruwan hoda da gefuna masu kauri. Socket ya juya ya zama matsakaici kuma madaidaiciya. A shuka ne resistant zuwa rashin danshi da bolting. Tushen amfanin gona Pablo yana ba da ‘ya’yan itace tare da tushe mai zagaye tare da wutsiyoyi masu bakin ciki. Yawan ‘ya’yan itace mai wuya ɗaya daga 110 zuwa 180 g, kuma diamita ya kasance daga 10 zuwa 15 cm. Tushen amfanin gona na da santsin bakin ciki fata burgundy. Naman da kansa yana da ɗanɗano, ruby-ja tare da launin shuɗi, ba tare da haɗawa da rarrabuwar zoben haske ba, waɗanda ke da halayen sauran nau’ikan gwoza. Kayan lambu ya ƙunshi babban adadin sukari (kimanin 18%) da betaine (128,7 MG da 100 g), saboda haka yana da ɗanɗano mai daɗi. Yana riƙe ƙamshi da zaƙi koda bayan maganin zafi. Tsayawa ingancin Matasan yana da babban ingancin kiyayewa – ana iya adana shi tsawon watanni da yawa ba tare da rasa siffarsa da dandano ba. Bugu da ƙari, ba ya ba da lalacewa kuma ba a rufe shi da m. Juriya na cuta Pablo yana jure wa cututtukan gwoza da yawa, gami da cercosporus.

Beet Pablo yana da daraja don yawan amfanin sa, ingantaccen gabatarwa da kyakkyawan dandano.

Sharuɗɗan shuka

An dasa Beet Pablo a ƙarshen bazara – farkon lokacin rani, daga kusan ƙarshen Afrilu zuwa shekaru goma na farko na Mayu ko a farkon uku na Yuni. Gogaggen lambu suna ba da shawarar, lokacin da aka ƙayyade kwanakin dasa shuki mafi kyau, don mai da hankali kan alamun zafin iska. Dole ne a adana su a cikin kewayon +18… + 20 ° C.

Bugu da ƙari, ƙasa da kanta ya kamata a dumi sosai – aƙalla + 5 … + 7 ° C, amma har zuwa 10 ° C. Gaba ɗaya, matasan ya dace da shuka da wuri.

Idan kun dasa beets daga baya, lokacin da zafin jiki na ƙasa ya kai 15 ° C, a nan gaba harbe za su bayyana tare da jinkiri na mako guda.

Zaɓin wurin da shirye-shiryen ƙasa

Don shuka amfanin gona, yana da kyau a zaɓi wurin da hasken rana ke haskakawa. Gaskiyar ita ce, tare da rashin isasshen haske, ɓangaren ƙasa na gwoza zai shimfiɗa sosai, kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa zai ragu.

Yana da kyawawa cewa ƙasa a kan shafin ta kasance sako-sako da loamy tare da tsaka tsaki acidity. Idan ya karu, to, beets za su ji dadi, wanda zai shafi ingancin halaye na tushen amfanin gona.

Mafi kyawun magabata na beets sune amfanin gona masu zuwa:

• baka;
• tumatir;
• dankali;
• kokwamba;
• salatin;
• radish;
• radish;
• tafarnuwa;
• kohlrabi.

Ba za ku iya shuka beets a cikin yankin da aka shuka amfanin gona masu zuwa a baya:

• karas;
• kabeji;
• chadi;
• wake;
• alayyafo;
• masara.

Yana da kyau a shirya wurin da aka zaɓa a cikin fall. Don yin wannan, bayan girbi amfanin gona na baya, ya zama dole don cire ragowar shuka gaba ɗaya da takin ƙasa tare da takin ko humus a cikin adadin kilogiram 5 a kowace murabba’in mita 1. Idan ya cancanta, ana iya saukar da matakin acidity ta ƙara 200-400 g na lemun tsami a kowace murabba’in mita na mãkirci.

Yadda za a shirya tsaba?

Babu wani hali da za a yi watsi da riga-kafi na tsaba, in ba haka ba shuka zai yi rauni kuma zai iya kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban, kodayake Pablo wani nau’in juriya ne ga cututtuka da yawa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa yawancin lambu suka zaba don noma.

Ana aiwatar da maganin iri kafin shuka bisa ga umarnin masu zuwa:

1. Zaɓi abu mai inganci kuma cire tsaba mara kyau. Don yin wannan, ana buƙatar su jiƙa na minti 20-30 a cikin wani bayani na Saline wanda aka shirya a cikin adadin 30 g na gishiri da 1 lita na ruwa. Don dasa shuki, yi amfani da waɗannan tsaba waɗanda suka rage a ƙasan akwati.
2. Kashe tsaba masu dacewa. Kuna buƙatar shirya wani bayani a cikin adadin 1,5 g na boric acid a kowace lita 1 na ruwan zãfi, sa’an nan kuma jiƙa da tsaba a ciki na tsawon sa’o’i 12.
3. Jiƙa tsaba don kwana ɗaya a cikin maganin da aka shirya ta hanyar narkar da digo 1 na Energen ko teaspoon 10 a cikin lita 1 na ruwa a cikin zafin jiki. superphosphate. Wannan hanya za ta ƙara yawan ƙwayar shuka a nan gaba.
4. Kurkura tsaba, rufe da rigar datti kuma barin tsawon kwanaki 2-3 a zazzabi na 20 ° C. Yayin da iri ya bushe, ya kamata a danshi.

Sai kawai bayan irin wannan magani za a shirya tsaba don dasa shuki.

Hanyoyin dasa shuki

Kuna iya dasa beets a cikin ɗayan hanyoyi biyu – seedling ko seedling. Bari mu yi la’akari da kowannensu dabam.

m

Ana aiwatar da shuka tsaba da aka shirya bisa tsarin layi ɗaya:

1. Shirya furrows 2-3 cm zurfi a cikin yankin. Mafi kyawun nisa tsakanin su shine 30-40 cm.
2. Jefa tsaba 2 a cikin kowane rami a nesa na 7-10 cm, sannan a rufe da ƙasa.
3. Danka ƙasa kaɗan kuma sassauta ta ta hanyar zana furrow tare da fartanya a nesa na 10 cm daga layin shuka.

Kowane nau’in gwoza yana samarwa daga tsiro 2, don haka a nan gaba zai zama dole don fitar da shuka. Lokacin da ganye 2 suka bayyana, barin 3-4 cm tsakanin tsire-tsire, kuma lokacin da ganye 3-4 suka bayyana, kusan 8-10 cm. Thinning yana da kyau a yi da yamma bayan shayarwa ko ruwan sama.

seedling

Don ƙara yawan rayuwa na shuka da kuma kare shi daga yiwuwar dawowar sanyi a nan gaba, wasu masu lambu suna shuka iri a cikin seedlings. Asalinsa ya ta’allaka ne a cikin gaskiyar cewa an dasa tsaba a cikin kwantena na musamman, kuma a matakin seedling ana tura su zuwa buɗe ƙasa.

Wajibi ne a shuka tsaba don seedlings makonni 3 kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata ku bi waɗannan umarnin:

1. Shirya kwantena masu auna kusan 10x20x20 cm.
2. A cikin sassa daidai gwargwado, haxa yashi mai laushi, peat da ƙasa soddy don samun abun ciki na gina jiki don girma seedlings. Don kilogiram 10 na cakuda da aka shirya, ƙara 200 g na itace ash.
3. Cika kwantena tare da substrate don nisa na 2-3 cm ya kasance tsakanin gefen da cakuda ƙasa. Ya kamata a yi rami a cikin wannan yanki na kowace mutuwa don hana tara danshi a cikin ƙasa.
4. Danka substrate kuma shuka tsaba zuwa zurfin 1-1.5 cm kuma a nesa na 3 cm, sa’an nan kuma yayyafa da ƙasa.
5. Yayyafa substrate da ruwa kuma rufe akwati da gilashi ko fim.

Lokacin girma seedlings, babu buƙatar ɗauka, duk da haka, ya kamata a bi wasu ƙa’idodi don kula da seedlings:

• Kafin sprouts girma, seedlings ba sa buƙatar haske, amma suna buƙatar yanayi mai laushi. A wannan batun, wajibi ne don shayar da substrate yayin da saman samansa ya bushe.
• Kula da zafin jiki na cikin gida a +22…+25°C. Da zaran tsiro ya bayyana, cire gilashin ko fim ɗin, sannan a matsar da kofuna zuwa wuri mai haske.
• Bayar da tsire-tsire masu girma tare da ganye 2 ko fiye na ɗaukar hoto daga safiya zuwa sa’o’i 19. Idan beets girma a cikin duhu wuri, harbe za su zama na bakin ciki da rauni, kuma yawan aiki zai ragu sosai. Don haka, idan ya cancanta, ya kamata a ba da ƙarin haske tare da taimakon fitilun fitilu, wanda dole ne a sanya shi a nesa na 20 cm daga seedlings.
• Ba kwa buƙatar ciyar da seedlings ba, saboda substrate ya ƙunshi isasshen adadin abubuwan gina jiki.
• Mako guda kafin dasawa cikin ƙasa, fara hardening seedlings. Kowace rana, fitar da shi zuwa iska mai tsabta don 3-4 hours, sa’an nan kuma ƙara lokaci zuwa 5 hours. Zafin iska mai karɓuwa yana daga +8 zuwa 10 ° C. A cikin ɗaki, ana iya yin taurin kai akan baranda ko loggia. A wannan yanayin, bai kamata a yarda da hasken rana kai tsaye ba.

Seedlings tare da 5-7 ganye za a iya dasa a cikin bude ƙasa. A lokaci guda, zafin iska da dare ya kamata a kiyaye shi a 15 ° C. Ya kamata a dasa tsire-tsire tare da clod na ƙasa a nesa na 4-5 cm. Tsakanin layuka, kuna buƙatar barin nisa na kusan 30 cm.

Lokacin da aka yarda da tsire-tsire, kuma tushen amfanin gona ya karu zuwa 1.5-2 cm, ya kamata a ba da beets zuwa tazara na 10 cm.

Iska da rana na iya cutar da tsire-tsire masu rauni da sirara, don haka yakamata a rufe su da kayan da ba a saka ba. Don yin wannan, tare da kewayen gadaje, kuna buƙatar shigar da arcs na ƙarfe, wanda za ku iya shimfiɗa fim ɗin kariya. Ana iya cire shi a watan Yuni yayin da saman ganye ya rufe.

Yadda za a kula da shuka?

Pablo shine matasan da ba a bayyana ba don girma, amma don samun girbi mai kyau, ya kamata ku bi ka’idodin kulawa masu sauƙi:

• Ruwa. Pablo yana da juriya ga rashin danshi na tsawon lokaci, amma shayar da shuka bai kamata a yi watsi da shi ba. A cikin yanayin sanyi, aiwatar da shi sau ɗaya a mako, kuma a cikin bushe bushe – sau 1-2 a mako. A kowane hali, al’ada na ruwa shine lita 3-15 a kowace yanki na 25 sq. m. Kafin watering, ruwa ya kamata a nace don kwanaki 1-1. Kuna buƙatar zuba shi a ƙarƙashin tushen shuka ta yin amfani da injin shayarwa ko drip ban ruwa tsarin. Dakatar da shayarwa a tsakiyar watan Agusta, saboda wannan zai kara yawan amfanin gona na tushen.
• Sako da sako. Bayan shayarwa ko ruwan sama, ƙasa tsakanin layuka ya kamata a kwance zuwa zurfin 5-10 cm, tunda samuwar ɓawon ƙasa a kusa da shuka yana haifar da raguwar ingancin amfanin gona. Bugu da ƙari, sassautawa yana inganta yanayin iska. Hakanan ya kamata a aiwatar da ciyawa akai-akai, musamman a farkon germination na seedling, tunda a wannan lokacin yana buƙatar haske, danshi da abubuwan gina jiki.
• Hilling. Idan tushen amfanin gona ba a rufe shi da ƙasa gaba ɗaya, suna buƙatar spudded.
• Ƙarin hadi. Ana amfani da taki don beets sau 2-3. Ana yin suturar farko ta farko bayan yin laushi – 10-15 g na takin nitrogen (urea, sodium ko calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate) an gabatar da su a kowace murabba’in mita. A lokaci guda kuma, bai kamata ku wuce gona da iri ba tare da takin mai magani na nitrogen, tunda nitrogen na iya shiga da tarawa a cikin tushen amfanin gona, sannan kuma yana shafar jikin mutum. Ana yin suturar saman ta biyu bayan makonni 2-3 bayan na farko – kowane murabba’in murabba’in an gabatar da 8-10 g na potassium chloride da superphosphate.

  Idan an rufe ganyen beetroot tare da aibobi ja, to wannan yana nuna rashin sodium a cikin ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a shayar da shuka tare da ruwan gishiri (1 tablespoon da lita 10). Domin duk lokacin girma, ya isa ya aiwatar da irin waɗannan hanyoyin guda 3.

• Kariya daga cututtuka da kwari. Beet Pablo F1 yana nuna juriya ga cututtuka da yawa, ciki har da cercosporosis da bolting. Bugu da kari, da matasan ne quite wuya shafi scab ko tushen irin ƙwaro. Don rage girman yiwuwar lalacewa gaba ɗaya, ya kamata a cire ciyawa a cikin lokaci kuma a yi amfani da takin potash-phosphorus a cikin ƙasa. Rodents suna haifar da babbar barazana ga beets, wanda zai iya cutar da duka saman da tushen amfanin gona. Don tsoratar da su, dasa shuki ya kamata a yayyafa shi da ƙurar taba, ash ko shirye-shirye na musamman. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin yaki da rodents, ya kamata a haƙa ƙasa a cikin kaka da bazara.

Tare da kulawa mai kyau, riga a tsakiyar watan Agusta – farkon Satumba, za ku iya samun girbi mai kyau – kimanin kilogiram 2 a kowace yanki na 1 sq. m.

Girbi da adana amfanin gona

Tsakanin fitowar tsire-tsire da cikakken ripening na tushen amfanin gona, kimanin kwanaki 100 sun shuɗe. Yana da matukar wuya a jinkirta girbi da kuma overexpress da beets a cikin ƙasa, saboda wannan zai kara tsananta da dandano da kasuwanci halaye.

Ka…