Sanin bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin girbi, lokacin rani da kuma lokacin rani yana da mahimmanci ga kasuwancin noma, wanda shine babban ginshiƙan tattalin arzikin Brazil. Bugu da kari, yana daya daga cikin sassan da suka samu ci gaba mai kyau ko da a halin da ake ciki yanzu.
A zahiri, a cikin 2020, GDP na agribusiness (Gross Domestic Product) ya rufe tare da haɓaka rikodin na 24,3%. Sakamakon haka, fannin ya kara yawan shigansa da kashi 26,6% a cikin jimillar GDPn kasar.
Duk da haka, idan ana maganar noma, akwai ra’ayoyi da yawa waɗanda ke haifar da rudani har ma ga waɗanda suka kasance a cikin shekaru masu yawa, kamar girbi, lokacin rani da lokacin rani.
Sanin ma’anar kowane ɗayan waɗannan sharuɗɗan yana da mahimmanci don tsara shuka don haka samun riba mai yawa. Don haka, bi labarin kuma ku koyi duk game da batun!
Menene bambanci tsakanin girbi, lokacin da ba a yi ba da kuma lokacin da ba a yi ba?
Gabaɗaya, noma yana haɓaka har tsawon shekara guda. Koyaya, wannan lokacin ba koyaushe ya zo daidai da kalanda na yau da kullun ba. Don haka, ya danganta da nau’in amfanin gona, shekara ta manoma tana farawa a kowane wata.
Af, kalandar noma ta bambanta bisa ga amfanin gona da yankin noma. Sharuɗɗan girbi, kashe-kakar da kashe-kakar Hakanan ana samun su daga amfanin gona na shekara. Na gaba, bincika manufar kowane ɗayan.
amfanin gona
Yana nufin lokacin da ake dasa shuki bisa ga isowar ruwan sama, kamar yadda lamarin ya kasance na masara (kuma ana shuka shi a lokacin rani) da alkama, wanda shine amfanin gona na shekara-shekara kuma ana ɗaukar ɗayan mafi mahimmanci a Brazilian. agribusiness.
A wannan lokacin, yanayin yanayi, zafi, haske da zafin jiki sun fi dacewa da ci gaban shuka.
Kyakkyawan girbi a lokacin kakar ya dogara da dalilai. Alkama na daya daga cikin amfanin gona da ake nomawa a wannan zamani.
Don haka ne manoman ke amfani da wannan lokacin na samun ingantacciyar damammaki wajen saka hannun jari a noman noma, ta haka ne ke ba da tabbacin samun ingantacciyar ribar noma.
kashe kakar
Idan girbi daidai yake da kwanan wata shuka, da kashe kakar yana nufin tazarar lokaci tsakanin bayan girbi da farkon sabon shuka. Yawanci, a wannan lokacin, yanayin yanayi ba shi da kyau ga babban amfanin gona.
Don haka, wasu masu noman karkara suna amfani da damar don yin gyare-gyare a gonakin da kuma shirya ƙasa don girbi na gaba.
Bi da bi, wasu sun zaɓi gajarta amfanin gona – abin da ake kira safrinha, kamar yadda za mu gani a kasa. Ta wannan hanyar, suna ƙara yawan kuɗin shiga gonar.
kashe-kakar
Lokacin kashe-kashe yana faruwa daidai bayan girbi, kuma an karɓi kalmar a cikin raguwa saboda yanayin yanayi, yanayin zafi, haske da zafi kaɗan kaɗan ne fiye da waɗanda ke faruwa a cikin girbi.
Ɗaya daga cikin shawarwarin fasaha don lokacin rani shine shuka kai tsaye a cikin bambaro, saboda yana kare ƙasa, yana tabbatar da zafi mai girma.
Duk da haka, ci gaban karatu a yankin da kuma amfani da fasahohin agronomic da yawa, irin su magungunan kashe qwari, ba a cikin bambaro, zaɓin ƙwayoyin halitta na seedlings da iri, ban da abinci mai gina jiki, ana ba da izinin noma koda cikin yanayi mara kyau. Saboda haka, safrinha ta sami sarari da yawa a cikin kasuwancin noma.
A zamanin yau, kuma an san shi da amfanin gona na biyu. Don haka, duka girbi da kuma lokacin rani na da matukar mahimmancin tattalin arziki ga fannin. Yana da kyau a ambata cewa lokacin kashe-kakar kuma ana iya yin shi tare da amfanin gona iri ɗaya da girbi. A haƙiƙa, wannan ya zama al’adar gama gari.
Yawancin masana’antun sun zaɓi ci gaba da shuka babban amfanin gona don haka ana aiwatar da girbi a gaba. Don haka, a ƙarshen wannan kakar, ana sake yin dasa shuki, tare da amfani da mafi kyawun yanayin yanayi don lokacin rani.
A taƙaice dai, girbi shine babba, lokacin da ba a yi shi ba shine girbi na biyu kuma ƙarshen lokacin shine tsakanin ƙarshen girbi na ƙarshe da farkon girbi na gaba.
Menene mahimmancin rashin lokaci a aikin gona?
A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, kamar yadda aka saba, farashin samarwa a aikin gona ya tashi. A lokaci guda, yawan aiki ya dogara sosai akan yanayin.
Don haka, safrinha ya bayyana a ƙarshen 70s, a Paraná, lokacin da sanyi ya yi mummunar lalata amfanin gonar kofi. Don haka manoma sun yi kasadar shuka masara bayan girbin waken soya.
Babban abu shine yanayi. Ana kuma girbe samfurin a lokacin kaka.
Da farko, yawan aiki ya ragu, saboda rashin bayanan fasaha. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin dalilan da furodusoshi suka dauki safrinha a matsayin babban kalubale tare da karfafa gwiwar wasu da dama.
Bayan lokaci, an inganta dabarun noma, kuma yankuna da yawa waɗanda ba a shuka komai ba, a cikin lokacin rani, sun fara samun riba sau biyu saboda lokacin rani.
Ta wannan hanyar, dasa shuki a lokacin rani ya bunƙasa sosai, wanda a cikin 2011, masara a ƙarshen kakar ya wakilci kashi 50% na yawan amfanin gona na ƙasa. A cikin 2020, girbin masarar safrinha ya kai kashi 93,6% a Brazil.
Me yasa saka hannun jari a dasa shuki a lokacin kaka?
Bambance-bambancen farashin kayayyakin noma yana tasiri kai tsaye ta hanyar girbi da kuma lokacin da ba a yi ba. A lokacin farko, akwai wadatar kayayyaki da yawa. Sakamakon haka, farashin su ya faɗi. A gefe guda, a cikin na biyu, ƙimar yana ƙaruwa, saboda akwai ƙaramin tayin samfurin.
Don haka, yin fare a kan shuka a lokacin rani, wato, a lokacin kaka, wata kyakkyawar dama ce ta ƙara yawan kuɗin da gonar ke samu.
Bayan haka, kamar yadda kowane mai samarwa ya sani, ƙasa ba tare da aikin gona ba yana nufin asarar kuɗi. Don haka, ban da hana lalacewa ga ƙasa mai hutawa, lokacin kashe-kashe yana ba da gudummawa ga samun babban riba a cikin kasuwancin noma.
Samar da ƙasa a lokacin rani yana sa ƙasa aiki kuma yana ba da tabbacin ƙarin riba ga mai samarwa na karkara.
Ta hanyar zabar shuka a cikin lokacin rani, yana yiwuwa kuma a sami mafi kyawun dawowar tattalin arziki a cikin matsakaicin lokaci, rage ƙayyadaddun farashi, rage ƙarancin kayan aiki da haɓaka amfani da albarkatun ɗan adam a fagen.
Wani babban dalili na saka hannun jari a lokacin kashe-kashe shi ne cewa yana kiyaye ƙasa aiki, cike da abubuwan gina jiki, kiyaye ɗaukar hoto da hana bullar kwari.
Menene babban amfanin gona a lokacin kaka?
A cikin kasuwancin agribusiness na Brazil, lokacin da muke magana game da safrinha, ya fi dacewa a haɗa masara da waken soya tare da duo.
Duk da haka, akwai kuma wasu amfanin gona, irin su dawa, saboda yana da zagayawa na kusan kwanaki 110 kuma yana haifar da saurin dawowa ga mai samarwa. Kamar yadda muka yi tsokaci, masarar safrinha ba ta zama taimako a harkar noma ba.
Dawa na ɗaya daga cikin amfanin gona da ake shukawa a kan kari. Yana da saurin zagayowar kuma yana haifar da riba ga mai samarwa.
Da yake akwai fifikon shuka waken soya a babban girbi saboda yanayin kasuwa, masu kera sukan zaɓi shuka masara nan ba da jimawa ba, wato tsakanin Janairu da Afrilu. Koyaya, wannan lokacin ya ɗan bambanta a cikin yankuna saboda yanayin yanayi.
Sabili da haka, dasa shuki a cikin lokacin rani shine kyakkyawar dama don fadada kasuwancin ku, saboda yana kawo kyakkyawan sakamako a cikin gajeren lokaci da matsakaici. A wannan ma’anar, yana da mahimmanci don tsara shuka da dogara ga fasahar noma da mafi kyawun samfuran noma.
Amma, yadda za a ayyana mafi kyawun dabarun?
Saboda haka, manomi yana da waɗannan dabarun dasa shuki a hannu, wato, zaɓin amfanin gona a cikin lokaci na “al’ada”, barin ƙasa ta huta, a cikin lokacin rani kuma har yanzu yana zaɓar lokacin rani. Amma ta yaya hakan zai yiwu?
Ma’aikatar Noma da Dabbobi (MAPA) tana ba wa masu samarwa da samfurin agrometeorological wanda ke nuna mafi kyawun lokacin shuka, la’akari da yankin ƙasar, al’adu da nau’ikan ƙasa daban-daban. Gano, a cikin bidiyon da ke ƙasa, yadda Zarc (Yanayin Aikin Noma na Hadarin Yanayi) ke aiki. Duba yadda yake aiki:
Source: Ma’aikatar Gona.
Kuna son ƙarin sani game da yadda ake samun mafi kyawun amfanin shuka? Don haka, tabbatar da karanta post ɗinmu: yadda ake yin nazarin ƙasa mai dacewa!
Kuna iya yin alamar shafi wannan shafi
