Yadda za a rage asarar girbin rake

Rage asarar da ake samu daga noman rake ya zama babban kalubale ga masu noma. Wannan shi ne saboda, tare da ci gaban tattalin arziki, rake ya zama wani muhimmin kayan da ake kera don yin amfani da mutane da kasuwanci da masana’antu.

A cewar Sugar Research Ostiraliya, wata ƙungiya da ke saka hannun jari da gudanar da ayyukan bincike don masana’antar sukari a Ostiraliya, asarar da aka samu a cikin girbin rake daga 5% zuwa 15%. Amma, za su iya kaiwa ko da 20% a cikin mafi tsanani lokuta. Don haka, yana da mahimmanci don rage waɗannan fihirisa.

Don haka ƙaramin girbi yana nufin ƙarancin kuɗi a aljihunka. A ma’ana, wannan hasara ce ga mai samarwa wanda ya saka hannun jari da yawa tun shuka kuma ya rage kudaden shiga daidai a matakin karshe na girbi.

Sabili da haka, ya zama dole a san dabarun da za su iya kawo sakamako mai ban sha’awa da mafita masu sauƙi don rage waɗannan asarar.

Kuna sha’awar ƙarin sani game da rage waɗannan asarar a cikin girbin rake? Bi wannan labarin daga MF Rural yanzu.

Me zai iya haifar da asara a cikin girbin rake

Masana’antar rake ta zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan harkokin tattalin arziki a ƙasashe da yawa – musamman a Brazil. Kasar yanzu ita ce kasar da ta fi kowacce noman rake a duniya, inda ta kai kashi 40% na amfanin gona (tan miliyan 720).

Duk da haka, da yake wannan amfanin gona ya yi daidai da kayayyaki masu lalacewa, yana da mahimmanci a san duk abubuwan da zasu iya tasiri ga girbin ku. Bugu da ƙari, asarar duka a cikin wannan mataki da kuma a cikin sucrose.

A cikin bin doka da bukatun zamantakewa da muhalli, girbin rake na injina ya zama al’adar da babu makawa. Ta yadda a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, wannan al’ada ta tashi daga kashi 25% zuwa kusan kashi 95% na dukkan girbin da aka yi a kasar.

Brazil ita ce ta fi kowacce noman rake, inda aka dasa kadada miliyan 8,6, a cewar wani bincike da kamfanin samar da kayayyaki na kasa (Conab). Amma akwai kalubale: don rage asarar girbi.

Don haka, rage hasarar da ake samu wajen girbin rake na injina ya zama mahimmanci. Akwai abubuwa da yawa na zahiri da na waje waɗanda zasu iya haifar da ma ƙara tsananta waɗannan asara.

Lalacewar halittu, da ke da alaƙa da jinkiri mai yawa tsakanin girbi da niƙa, galibi ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan dalilai, kasancewa da alhakin faduwar darajar ton.

A cewar jami’ar Rio Verde, wata matsala kuma ta shafi rashin kyawun gonar rake da injinan girbin da za su iya haifar da irin wannan asarar da ake samu. Bugu da ƙari, samar da rake mai cike da ƙazanta, wanda a ƙarshe zai canza sucrose.

Wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da asarar rake

Duk da haka, ba waɗannan ba ne kawai abubuwan da za a lura don rage asara ba. Wasu abubuwa kuma suna nan, kamar yanayin yanayi, zafi, iri-iri na rake, matsayin balaga da ma lokacin ajiya (a cikin yanayin girbi) na iya haifar da lahani da yawa ga ribar masu saka jari.

Kuma da yake magana game da wannan lokacin na gaba, ayyukan invertases da haɓakar acid masu samar da ƙwayoyin cuta, ethanol da polysaccharides suma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rage asarar rake.

Duk wannan, ba shakka, yana rinjayar tsarin gaba ɗaya kuma yana iya haifar da wani ɓangare mai kyau na girbi ya ɓace.

Babban dabarun da aka kafa a Brazil

Don yin la’akari da dabaru da mafita da aka kafa don rage asarar da ake samu a cikin girbin rake, ya zama dole a yi la’akari da duk binciken da aka gudanar ya zuwa yanzu, ta kwararru daban-daban a yankin.

A cikin wannan mahallin, wani bincike da jami’ar Universidade Estadual Paulista ta gudanar ya nuna cewa yana da muhimmanci a mai da hankali kan yanayin ƙasa, da kuma kula da amfanin gona, ta yadda za a rage asarar. Don haka, ba tare da la’akari da ko tsarin na hannu ne ko na’ura ba, ƙungiyar ta haskaka:

• Shirye-shiryen ƙasa, ciki har da desiccation, aikace-aikace na gyarawa da noma;
• Dasa shuki, daidai da furrowing, hadi da sutura;
• Ayyukan al’adu, irin su noma, aikace-aikacen magungunan kashe qwari da gyaran hadi.

Da yake magana game da yanayin ƙasa, a cikin bidiyon da ke ƙasa, duba tasirin injin sarrafa rake. Bugu da kari, daya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a rage wadannan asara: systematization:

Source: coloradomaquinas.

Gudun girbi yana rinjayar asarar rake

Bi da bi, Jami’ar Jihar Montes Claros ta bayar da hujjar cewa girbin injiniyoyi yana buƙatar sake tantancewa, yana buƙatar daidaitaccen sarrafa masu girbi ta ma’anar cewa wannan kayan ba a rasa ba.

Don haka, an gudanar da cikakken kimantawa a kusa da saurin inji a lokacin girbi. Kuma sakamakon ya nuna cewa yayin da suke aiki da sauri, ana ganin karuwar hasara. Don haka, zai zama dole a sami mafi kyawun taki don rage asara.

Wani bincike, wanda ya shafi saurin masu girbi, an gudanar da shi ta hanyar masu bincike daga Mechanized Harvest Study Group (Gecom), wanda aka danganta da Fatec “Shunji Nishimura” a cikin Pompeii / SP.

Gudun masu girbin na ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke da nufin rage girbin rake.

Sun yi la’akari da tasirin jujjuyawa biyu na shaye-shaye na farko akan asarar da ake gani da suka faru a lokacin girbin rake na injina. Binciken ya nuna cewa wannan ɓangaren injin yana rinjayar asarar guntu kai tsaye.

Saboda haka, ana iya la’akari da cewa juyawa na 800rpm shine mafi dacewa don bayar da adadin 0.37% ƙananan asarar idan aka kwatanta da juyawa na 1.100 rpm wanda ya haifar da asarar 0,56%.

Sauran binciken kimiyya

Tare da wani son zuciya, Jami’ar São Paulo (USP) ta nuna cewa, don rage asarar tonnage, ya zama dole a mai da hankali kan hakan. ruwa fesaa cikin aikace-aikacen maganin bactericidal da amfani da anti-inversion.

Bugu da ƙari, a cewar masu bincike guda ɗaya, kafin girbi, zai zama mai ban sha’awa don foliate ƙasa, yin amfani da mahadi na zinc da magnesium.

Bayan girbi, yin amfani da dextranase na iya ba da gudummawa don haɓaka dawo da sucrose da rage sauran matsalolin inganci.

Fatan kasa da kasa don matsalar Brazil

Da yake tunanin warware matsalar rage asarar da ake samu a cikin girbin rake, jaridar Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences ta yi bincike kan tasirin sinadaran da ke cikin wadannan asara. An yi nazari akan ko wannan sa hannun zai iya kawo wasu tabbatacce game da matsalar.

Hasara daga girbin rake batu ne da ke tattare da bincike da yawa akai-akai.

Sakamakon binciken da aka gudanar ya nuna cewa amfani da benzalkonium chloride, gauraye da sodium metasilicate, yana da tasiri mai kyau a kan busassun bushes da kuma waɗanda aka noma a ƙarƙashin yanayin al’ada, kamar na Brazil.

A cikin yanayin bushe bushe, yana yiwuwa a rage asarar zuwa 8,25% na girbi kuma, a cikin yanayin al’ada, asarar 11%. Ta wannan hanyar, wannan aikin yana aiki mafi kyau a wurare mafi bushewa, amma bai kamata a jefar da shi a cikin rake da aka dasa a cikin ƙasa na Brazil ba.

Yana da kyau a tuna cewa, kamar yadda Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Jami’ar São Paulo (IQ-USP) ta ba da shawara, kwayoyin halittar da ke cikin rake sun dace daidai da yanayin fari, wanda ya sa ya jure wa wannan yanayin.

Don haka, ga amfanin gona da a ƙarshe ke wanzuwa a yankuna na ƙasar da ke magance wannan yanayin, dabarun Indiya na iya aiki daidai kuma har yanzu suna kawo sabon salo kan wannan batu.

Kammalawa

Don haka, kamar yadda muka nuna a cikin wannan labarin, rage asarar girbi ya zama ƙalubale ga masu noman rake. Wajibi ne a ɗauki wasu matakai da dabaru waɗanda za su iya tabbatar da kyakkyawan sakamako a cikin wannan tsari.

Haka kuma a duba post din mu kan yadda buhun shinkafa ke maye gurbin mai wajen kera robobi. Kyakkyawan karatu!