An fara amfani da feshin electrostatic a aikin gona a cikin 1960s. Duk da haka, har yanzu akwai shakku da yawa game da aikin fasaha da tasiri.
Ɗaya daga cikin kayan aikin farko da suka isa Brazil tare da wannan fasaha shine “Electrodyn”, wanda aka sani a cikin 1980s, kuma ya ci gaba a Amurka. An ƙera kayan aikin don aikace-aikacen hannu a ƙananan kundi.
Electrostatic spraying shine ainihin canja wurin cajin lantarki zuwa digon feshi, tsari wanda za’a iya aiwatar da shi ta hanyoyi da yawa.
Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da aka fi amfani da su shine kasancewar na’urar lantarki (tare da kasancewar wutar lantarki) wanda ke kusa da tip, a yankin da ke kusa da inda ake samar da digo. (Hoto na 1).
Yadda ake yin feshin electrostatic
Ana kiran wannan tsari “System Induction”, ana amfani dashi a yawancin kayan aiki na yanzu. Gabaɗaya, na’urorin lantarki suna karɓar ingantacciyar wutar lantarki, suna samar da filin lantarki wanda ke haifar da samuwar digo tare da caji mara kyau (madaidaicin cajin lantarki).
Naúrar da ke auna adadin caji a cikin digo ana kiranta millicoulomb a kowace kilogiram (mC kg-1), wanda ya kamata ya zama sama da 1.0 mC kg-1. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci cewa maganin da aka yi amfani da shi yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun wutar lantarki, kamar yadda dole ne a canza cajin daga lantarki zuwa digo a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Hoto 1. Electrostatic spraying tsari. (Madogararsa: An karbo daga Matthews, 2014).
Ko da yake ya wanzu fiye da shekaru 50, har yanzu akwai shakku game da amfani da tasiri na electrostatic spraying. Koyaya, wasu al’amura suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar dalilin da yasa har yanzu shakku ke faruwa, kamar yadda za’a tattauna a ƙasa:
Ba za ku iya gamawa ba kuma kuyi tunanin cewa duk kayan aikin feshin lantarki iri ɗaya ne. Matsakaicin caji / taro, alal misali, wanda zai haifar da cajin droplet (mC kg-1) ya bambanta bisa ga ƙirar injiniyoyi, raguwar matsa lamba akan lantarki, girman digo, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa. Duk da haka, akwai tsarin da ke haɗuwa da canja wurin kaya tare da taimakon iska (kuma akwai musamman tsakanin tsarin kuma).
A wannan lokacin, iskar da taimakon iska ke haifarwa na iya ba da gudummawar ƙaurawar iska tsakanin ganyen amfanin gona, da kuma fifita aikin feshin electrostatic, wanda shi kaɗai ba zai sami damar kai hari mafi wahala ba, tare da waɗanda ke ƙasa. na uku na shuke-shuke.
Gwaji ta amfani da feshin electrostatic
A cikin 2019, AgroEfetiva ya gudanar da bincike ta amfani da Uniport 3030 Eletrovortex sprayer, daga Jacto. (Hoto na 2). Kayan aikin ya haɗu da taimakon iska tare da canja wurin cajin lantarki zuwa ɗigon feshi, kuma an sami sakamako mai kyau a cikin jibgewar maganin feshi tare da fungicides akan amfanin gonakin auduga.
An gudanar da binciken ne a wata gona a yankin Campo Novo do Parecis, MT, ta yin amfani da ƙimar aikace-aikacen 60 L / ha. Tushen feshin da aka yi amfani da shi shine ATR 80-2,0 (Jacto), tare da matsa lamba na mashaya 5,7 (570 kPa) da kuma amfani da ɗigon ruwa mai kyau (MF).
Hoto 2. Mai feshi mai taimakon iska tare da cajin digo na lantarki a cikin auduga. Hoto: AgroEfectiva.
An lura cewa haɗin fasaha (taimakon iska + canja wurin kaya) ya karu a cikin duk abubuwan da aka samo na al’ada (na sama, tsakiya da ƙananan) idan aka kwatanta da tsarin kashewa (babu kaya ko iska).
Babban riba a cikin ajiya shine a tsakiyar kashi uku na tsire-tsire na auduga, wanda ke da girma mafi girma na ganye. Wannan riba ta yi daidai da haɓakar 116%, sannan na sama da na ƙasa na uku, tare da 18,7% da 22,2%, bi da bi.
Siffofin cajin lantarki
Saboda haka, an lura cewa yin amfani da cajin lantarki yana taimakawa wajen fesa lokacin da aka haɗa da taimakon iska. Duk da haka, dole ne a yi la’akari da wasu halaye, kamar ƙirar injin da tsarin cajin lantarki, nau’in digo, da sauransu, don haka akwai madaidaicin cajin wutar lantarki zuwa digo.
Gudun iskar da ake amfani da ita ma yana da mahimmanci, kuma dole ne ya isa ga ma’aunin yankin ganye na amfanin gona. Yin amfani da babban gudu a cikin amfanin gona tare da ɗanɗano ganye, alal misali, na iya ɓata ajiya, ko ma ƙara haɗarin faɗuwa.
Fernando K Carvalho1Michael Althman2Ulysses R. Antuniassi3Rodolfo G. Chechetto1; Alisson AB Mota1
1Masana aikin gona, Masu bincike, AgroEfetiva, Botucatu/SP. fernando@agroefetiva.com.br
2Masanin Agronomist, Babban Dalibi a Aikin Gona, FCA/UNESP, Botucatu/SP. michael_althman@hotmail.com
3Masanin aikin gona, Cikakken Farfesa, FCA/UNESP, Botucatu/SP, Brazil. ulisses.antuniassi@unesp.br
Hakanan duba: Nau’in fesa aikin gona: duba mafi kyau
Kuna iya yin alamar shafi wannan shafi
