Yankin Noma na Hatsarin Yanayi (ZARC) wata hanya ce ta Embrapa da sauran abokan tarayya, wanda ke da nufin ba da jagora ga masu kera karkara game da mafi dacewa lokacin shukabisa ga al’ada da kuma gundumar sha’awa.
Yana yin la’akari da halayen yanayi, nau’in ƙasa da kuma zagayowar cultivars, don hana shuka daga fuskantar yanayin yanayi mara kyau a mafi mahimmancin lokacin zagayowar ta.
Ana bitarsa kuma ana buga shi kowace shekara ta hanyar farillai, a cikin Gazette na Gwamnatin Tarayya da kuma a gidan yanar gizon Ma’aikatar Noma, Dabbobi da Supply (MAPA).
An yi amfani da yankin aikin gona a karon farko a cikin amfanin gona na 1996 don alkama. A yau ana gudanar da binciken don fiye da al’adu 40 kuma yana da iyakokin ƙasa. MAPA ce ta daidaita shi, kuma Embrapa ne ke aiwatar da hanyoyin da aikace-aikace.
A cikin bidiyon da ke ƙasa, duba yadda ZARC ke aiki:
Source: Ma’aikatar Gona.
Amfani da tsarin aikin gona don samun inshora na karkara da bashi
Yankin aikin gona, baya ga zama jagora ga masu noman karkara don yanke shawarar noma, kuma ya zama muhimmin kayan aiki ga masu ba da lamuni na karkara.
Shirye-shiryen bashi na karkara da inshora kamar Shirin Garanti na Ayyukan Aikin Noma (Proagro) da Shirin Tallafin Kuɗi na Inshorar Ƙauye (PSR) sun yi amfani da ZARC don ba da jagora kan haɗarin samar da noma na ƙasa.
Bugu da kari, wasu ma’aikatan kudi ma sharadin bayar da lada na karkara don amfani da ZARC ta furodusa.
Shirye-shiryen ba da lamuni na karkara sun yi amfani da ZARC a matsayin jagora don yanke shawara kan haɗarin yanayi.
A cewar Embrapa, kasar ta riga ta kaucewa hasarar rayuka 3.6 biliyan na reais a cikin yawan aiki a kowace shekara, godiya ga karbuwar ZARC don ba da ƙima da ƙididdiga na inshora ga masu samarwa na karkara.
ZARC App – Dasa Dama
A cikin 2019, Embrapa ya haɓaka, tare da sauran cibiyoyi, aikace-aikacen kyauta, wanda ke tattara bayanan hukuma da ke ƙunshe a cikin Yankin Noma na Hadarin Yanayi.
Aikace-aikacen yana ba mai samarwa damar zaɓar gunduma, nau’in ƙasa, amfanin gona da sake zagayowar sha’awa, sannan ya ba da bayanai kan mafi kyawun lokacin shuka da hadarin hasara rates abokan tarayya.
Bugu da ƙari, yana kuma bayar da, don nau’in 10, a jerin cultivars an yi la’akari da dacewa da kowane wuri, waɗanda aka yi rajista a cikin National Register of Cultivars (RNC).
Wannan jeri yana gabatar da bayanai game da manyan halayen agronomic na cultivars, kamar yuwuwar yawan amfanin ƙasa, maturation da lokacin fure.
Wani aikin aikace-aikacen shine kula da yanayi daga ranar shukar da furodusa ya sanar. Ana ba da bayanai don matakai daban-daban na ci gaban amfanin gona, game da ajiyar ruwa a cikin ƙasa, hazo da aka tara, adadin kwanakin ba tare da ruwan sama ba da mafi ƙanƙanta da yanayin zafi.
Manufar ita ce a taimaki mai samarwa ya yanke shawararsa bisa ingantattun bayanai, yana taimakawa wajen tsara girbi don rage haɗarin asarar da abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanayi.
Biye da shawarwarin fasaha, manomi yana da ƙarin tsaro yayin tsara amfanin gona.
samfurin lokaci na samo asali, ZARC
A cikin Mayu 2019, aikin binciken da ake kira “Kimanin Hadarin da Agroclimatic Resilience” (ARRA) ya fara, wanda Embrapa Cerrados ya jagoranta kuma tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da wasu cibiyoyin bincike na Embrapa 19.
Manufar wannan aikin shine haɓakawa sababbin hanyoyin kima hadarin, yawan aiki da kuma agroclimatic juriya na aikin noma tsarin samar. Manufar ita ce a maye gurbin tsarin ZARC na yanzu.
A yau, hanyar tana nuna mafi kyawun kwanakin dasa shuki bisa ma’aunin damuwa na ruwa. Manufar ita ce daidaita wannan hanyar don aiki da ita yiwuwar yawan aiki.
A cewar jagoran bincike na aikin, Fernando Macena, sabon ZARC zai nuna “yuwuwar samun wani yawan amfanin ƙasa, dangane da takamaiman kwanan watan shuka, cultivar da nau’in ƙasa. Wato, idan na shuka waken soya tsakanin 10 ga Oktoba zuwa 20 ga Oktoba a wani wurin da aka bayar, akwai yuwuwar kashi 80% na samar da aƙalla 4 kg/ha.”, ya nuna, a matsayin misali.
Ana tattara bayanai akan aikin amfanin gona a cikin gwaje-gwajen da aka gudanar a ƙarƙashin kyakkyawan yanayi na ban ruwa, hadi, gudanarwa, cututtuka da sarrafa kwari.
Ana amfani da waɗannan bayanan don daidaita tsarin lissafin yawan amfanin ƙasa ga kowane amfanin gona da aka yi nazari, a matsayin yuwuwar ma’aunin yawan aiki.
Ana amfani da wannan yuwuwar nunin yawan amfanin ƙasa a cikin lissafin yuwuwar amfanin gona a matsayin aikin bayanan yanayi na tarihi da tashoshi na aikin gona ke bayarwa a kowace ƙaramar hukuma ta Brazil.
Da farko aikin ya shafi manyan amfanin gona a kasar: soya, masara, alkama, shinkafa, wake, sukari, koko, ciyawa da siginar dabino. Ana kuma nazarin daidaita tsarin da tsarin amfanin gona-dabbobi (ILP) da kuma tsarin amfanin gona-Livestock-Forest (ILPF).
A cewar Macena, sabuwar hanyar ZARC za ta sami ƙarin nagartattun bayanai, wanda zai kawo ƙarin tsaro ga masu kera kayayyaki, cibiyoyin bashi da kuma gwamnati.
kalandar noma
Kamar yadda muka gani zuwa yanzu, noman noma abu ne mai hatsarin gaske na kudi, saboda yanayin yanayi ne. Don haka, kowane mai samarwa na karkara yana buƙatar yin kyakkyawan shiri.
Don taimakawa da wannan batu, manomi zai iya dogara ga yin amfani da a kalandar noma. Kayan aiki ne da zai iya taimaka wa duka biyu su tsai da shawarwari game da abin da za su girma da kuma lura da ayyukan da za a yi a lokacin girbi.
Tare da yin amfani da kalandar noma, yana yiwuwa a guje wa asarar kuɗi mai yawa da suka shafi samarwa.
Tare da bincike a intanet, za mu iya samun daga kalandar mafi sauƙi, inda muka ba da misali mafi kyawun lokacin dasa shuki iri daban-daban bisa ga kowane yanki na ƙasar, da kuma wasu ƙarin cikakke, yana kawo lokacin da ya dace don wasu ayyuka banda shuka da girbi, kamar su. nazarin ƙasa, hadi, bushewa, ajiya, ban da ƙarin takamaiman rabuwa ta Jiha.
Koyaya, manufa ita ce kowane mai samarwa ya ƙirƙira nasu kalanda. Don haka, za mu taimake ku ta hanyar gaya muku mahimman bayanai da ya kamata ku yi la’akari yayin tsara girbin ku da ƙirƙirar kalandarku:
- Tuntuɓi Yankunan Noma
Da farko, tuntuɓi ZARC. Tare da wannan bayanin, za ku riga kun san irin amfanin gona da za a iya dasa a wurinku, la’akari da yanayi da ƙasa, ban da samun damar tuntuɓar lokacin dasa shuki da jerin cultivars.
Misalin amfani da kalandar noma: yin amfani da manyan gonakin waken soya da wuri ko farkon lokacin da ake amfani da su a cikin tsarin waken- masara na zamani ya baiwa mai samarwa damar aiwatar da amfanin gonakin biyu.
Sannan bincika dukiyar ku. Dangane da girman yankin da taimako, bincika idan akwai yanayi don noma nau’in a ƙasarku, kuma idan injinan ayyukan ya zama dole kuma yana yiwuwa.
Wani abin da ya kamata a yi la’akari da shi shi ne kasuwar masu amfani da nisa da ita, da kuma buƙatar adana abubuwan da ake samarwa da tsarin rarraba kayan aiki da ya dace don fitar da shi.
Bugu da kari, yana da kyau koyaushe a bincika halayen zamantakewar tattalin arzikin yankin, da kuma ko akwai buƙatar nau’in da kuke son girma.
Har ila yau, wajibi ne a duba yawan ma’aikata, da kuma buƙatar cancantar irin wannan.
Ƙarshe amma ba kalla ba, yi la’akari da juyawa amfanin gona lokacin da za a yanke shawarar irin nau’in da za a yi girma. Yana da mahimmanci a sami bambancin noman noma don kula da amfanin ƙasa da lafiyar amfanin gona.
Ta hanyar tattara waɗannan bayanan, za ku yanke shawara mafi daidai game da abin da za ku shuka da lokacin da za a shuka su, ta hanyar rarraba ayyukan noma daidai da lokacin da ake buƙata don aiwatar da su.
Hakanan duba labarinmu akan shuka kai tsaye da fa’idar wannan aikin.
Kuna iya yin alamar shafi wannan shafi
