Yadda za a samar da tumatir tumatir tare da hasken da ake bukata? Hanyar fita – ƙarin haske!

Shuka shuka tumatir don buɗe ƙasa yana farawa a ƙarshen Fabrairu – farkon Maris. Daga kwanakin farko na fitowar, seedlings suna buƙatar sa’o’i 12-14 na hasken rana. A cikin kwanakin farko na bazara, jimlar tsawon lokacin hasken rana shine sa’o’i 11, wanda awanni 3 ne magriba.

Seedlings samun ko da kasa na halitta haske a cikin wani birni Apartment. A cikin mafi mahimmanci lokaci, matashin tumatir tumatir a fili ya rasa hasken rana. Hanya daya tilo don girma tsiro masu lafiya masu ƙarfi shine tsara hasken wucin gadi.

Haske da mahimmancinsa ga seedlings

Shuka amfanin gona, ba tare da la’akari da shekaru ba, suna buƙatar haske na 20-40 dubu Lux. Ko da a rana mai haske a cikin Fabrairu-Maris, hasken a kan windowsill bai wuce 5 dubu Lux ba. Wannan rashin daidaituwa ya ci gaba har zuwa karshen watan Mayu. Seedlings mike da girma m. A nan gaba, da wuya su jure dasawa zuwa wuri na dindindin, an jinkirta aiwatar da acclimatization.

Tsire-tsire matasa suna buƙatar haske. Duk abubuwan da ke cikin bakan suna shafar girmar seedling tumatir.

• Hasken ja yana inganta samuwar tsarin tushen, fure da ‘ya’yan itace.
• Hasken shuɗi yana haɓaka rarraba tantanin halitta kuma yana hana haɓakar tushe – tsire-tsire ba sa shimfiɗawa, girma da ƙarfi.
• Abubuwan rawaya, orange da kore na bakan ba su da wani takamaiman tasiri, kawai akan photosynthesis.

A cikin hadaddun, haske yana ƙarfafa haɓakawa da haɓakar seedlings, yana ba da makamashi don photosynthesis da tasirin ƙarfafa gaba ɗaya.

Fitila don shuka tumatir – abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani

Kayan fitilu na yau da kullun na gida ba shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don ƙarin tsiro ba. Kwayoyin na girma seedling suna kula da yankunan iyaka na bakan – “infrared-red” da “blue-ultraviolet”.

Baya ga halaye na bakan da aka fitar, lokacin zabar fitila don seedlings, yakamata mutum yayi la’akari da ingancin na’urar haske. Wajibi ne don ƙididdige farashin ƙarin hasken wuta: kowace rana don 4 hours.

Nau’in fitilun Halayen bakan da ke fitar da iskar gas Fa’idodin rashin amfani da iskar gas

(fitilolin hasken rana)

Cikakken bakan Tattalin Arziki, ƙarancin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi Don haɗa fitilun, kuna buƙatar ballast na musamman, nisa zuwa shuka bai kamata ya wuce 20 cm ba, kuna buƙatar mai haskakawa Phytolamps Cikakken bakan Compact, dorewa, tattalin arziki da abokantaka na muhalli. Layin madubi a cikin fitilun yana ƙara fitowar haske – na’urar tana haskaka tsire-tsire, ba tare da wuce kima ba, Launi mara kyau – ana buƙatar allo mai kariya Haske-emitting diode (LED) Spectrum don kowane mataki na girma da kansa dangane da matakin. na seedling girma. Launi mai launin shuɗi mara kyau ga idon ɗan adam (mai amfani ga seedlings) Sodium ƙarfe halide “Dumi” yankin bakan tattalin arziki, ƙa’idodin amfani mai sauƙi, mai ginawa a ciki yana ƙara ingantaccen aikace-aikacen Farashin na’urar, babu shuɗi bakan.

Wadanne fitilu ne marasa amfani kuma masu cutarwa ga hasken baya?

Matasa tumatir sprouts bukatar blue-violet da ja haskoki – da haske jujjuyawar wannan bakan stimulates samuwar tushen da samar da karfi lafiya seedlings.

Fitilar wutar lantarki ta yau da kullun tana fitar da haske mai yawa rawaya kuma ba ta da ɗan amfani don ƙarin haske na tsiron tumatir.

Wannan ba duka ba:

1. Fitilar wuta tana canza kashi 5% na wutar lantarki zuwa haske mai gani.
2. Kashi 95% na makamashin yana juyewa zuwa radiation ta thermal, wanda ke bushe ƙasa a cikin akwati na seedling.
3. Zafin da ya wuce kima yana ƙarfafa haɓakar aiki na kara. Tare da raguwa a cikin ci gaban tsarin tushen, tsire-tsire ya juya ya zama mai rauni, elongated, mai raɗaɗi.
4. Ba zai yiwu a gyara halin da ake ciki tare da suturar saman ba – tushen suna da rauni sosai.

Ga kowane ƙarin tsarin hasken wuta, ya kamata a sarrafa dumama. Idan a matakin seedlings dumama daga fitilu ba shi yiwuwa tare da bayan hannun, an zaɓi nisa daidai.

Ƙarin tsarin hasken wuta – yadda ake yin

Phytolamps, tare da bakan su masu amfani don ƙarin haske na ƙaramin tsiro, ba abin jin daɗi ba ne. A gida, yana da sauƙin yin ƙarin tsarin hasken wuta da kansa daga abubuwa masu araha.

Hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce haɗa tsarin daga fitilun fitulun da aka yi. Sauƙi na zane ba zai haifar da matsala ba har ma ga mai farawa. Dangane da yankin da aka haskaka, ana ɗora bututun fitar da iskar gas a kan tushe mai ƙarfi tare da tazara na 10-15 cm a layi daya.

Yana da kyau a yi amfani da substrate tare da madubi na madubi – wannan yana ƙara ingantaccen ƙarin haske.

Dukkanin tsarin yana daidaitawa a sama da tsire-tsire a nesa na kusan 10 cm. A gaba, wajibi ne a yi la’akari da hanyoyin da za a daidaita nisa daga ƙasan ƙasa zuwa tsarin hasken wuta, maƙallan musamman ko tsarin dakatarwa mai daidaitacce. Yayin da tsire-tsire ke girma, ya kamata a ɗaga tsarin.

Me kuke bukata ku sani?

Farkon noman tumatir tumatir yana buƙatar tsari mai kyau na tsari. Tumatir sprouts ba zai iya jira don warware fasaha da sauran matsaloli.

1. Ko da tare da tsarin fitila don ƙaramin lambun, ya kamata a fi son tagogi masu fuskantar kudu. Babu fitila da zata iya maye gurbin hasken halitta.
2. Dole ne a ci gaba da ƙarin hasken wuta har sai an dasa tsire-tsire a wuri na dindindin, don haka ya kamata ku damu game da yiwuwar daidaita wurin wurin hasken haske a tsayi.
3. Wurin haske yana da kyau a sanya shi kai tsaye a sama da tsire-tsire.
4. Abubuwan da ake nunawa ( madubai, fuska) suna da tasiri mai laushi mai ma’ana fiye da haskoki kai tsaye.
5. Yin amfani da abin birgima ya tabbata sau biyu idan an kunna phytolamp don ƙarin haske.
6. A matsayin abubuwa masu nunawa, zaka iya amfani da kowane wuri mai haske, ba dole ba ne madubi. Filayen takarda yana nuna daidai kuma yana watsa hasken haske.

Ana buƙatar ƙarin hasken wuta da sauƙi. Idan ido bai ƙayyade bambancin haske ba, to ba a buƙatar hasken baya tukuna.

Sauƙaƙan dokoki

Don samun tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi da lafiya, dole ne ku bi dokoki masu sauƙi:

1. Don ci gaban al’ada na seedlings, tsarin rana da dare yana da mahimmanci. Ƙarin ƙarin hasken zagaye-da-agogo yana rushe biorhythm: shawar carbon dioxide a lokacin rana yana canzawa tare da sakin iskar oxygen da dare. Seedlings girma a cikin hanzari taki, bushes fara bada ‘ya’ya da sauri.
2. Wajibi ne don sarrafa nisa tsakanin fitila da tsire-tsire – bisa ga ka’idodin ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, ƙarfin hasken yana raguwa tare da murabba’in nisa. Sanya fitilar kusa da ita yana sa ƙasa ta bushe.
3. Don haskaka iri ɗaya na duk tsiro, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da fuska mai haske – madubai, foil, saman ƙarfe, zanen takarda ko filastik mai launin haske.
4. Ana buƙatar daidaita jadawalin hasken wuta la’akari da yanayin yanayi da wurin windows.

Fuskokin kallo suna haɓaka rarraba hasken rana. Kyakkyawan bayani don taga shine farar labule a matsayin shimfidar wuri mai yaduwa.

Shirye-shiryen hasken wuta – zaɓi wanda ya dace

Ba wai kawai yanayin tsire-tsire ba, har ma da yawan amfanin gonar tumatir ya dogara da tsarin tsarin hasken haske: girman ‘ya’yan itatuwa da adadin su. Tare da taimakon ingantaccen tsarin tsarin hasken wutar lantarki da aka tsara, yana yiwuwa a daidaita lokacin ‘ya’yan itace da ripening – mazaunan rani na yankunan arewa suna iya girma manyan ‘ya’yan itace iri-iri na matsakaici da marigayi ripening.

A aikace, ana amfani da tsare-tsare 3 don ƙarin haske na tsiron tumatir.

1. Yanayin ci gaba.

Practice ya nuna cewa ci gaba da aiki na fitilu yana ba da haɓakar haɓaka a cikin yawan amfanin ƙasa saboda haɓakar haɓakar seedlings da farkon fruiting.

Duk da haka, tsire-tsire sun nuna alamun yunwar ma’adinai – rashin daidaituwa tsakanin carbohydrates da aka samar da micronutrients cinye.

2. 38 hours na haske + 10 hours hutu.

Wannan yanayin ya nuna kansa sosai lokacin da ake girma seedlings da yawa. A gida, irin wannan rarraba lokaci ba shi da karɓa; sarrafa manyan masana’antun noma yana jure wa sauyawa.

3. 8 hours na ƙarin haske + 4 hours hutu, 2 hawan keke kowace rana.

Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar hutawa don daidaita samfuran photosynthesis, wanda aka tabbatar da shi sosai a gwaji na 3rd. Hutu ta tilas don daidaitawar samfuran photosynthesis ba zai iya zama ƙasa da sa’o’i 4-5 ba. Dangane da yawan amfanin ƙasa, irin waɗannan tsire-tsire suna ɗan ƙasa kaɗan zuwa zaɓi na 1st, yayin da tsire-tsire ke da ƙarfi da lafiya. Amfani da makamashi yana da ƙasa, wanda ke shafar farashin shuka.

Kammalawa

Tumatir da aka girma tare da ƙarin haske za su amfana sosai cikin inganci da yawan amfanin ƙasa, duk da haka, abubuwan halitta bai kamata a rangwame su ba:

1. Sanya akwatunan seedling kusa da taga kudu – saboda rana, zaku iya samun babban tanadi akan farashin wutar lantarki.
2. Saka ƙarin fuska a gefen seedlings da baya.
3. Kunna fitilu a kan jadawalin.

Aiwatar da waɗannan ƙa’idodi masu sauƙi za a sami lada tare da girbi mai karimci na tumatir.