Shawarwari na gogaggen lambu don shirya ƙasa don seedlings na tumatir

Sakamakon duk lokacin bazara kai tsaye ya dogara da ingancin tumatir tumatir. Tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi ne kawai ke ɗaukar tushe cikin sauƙi bayan dasawa, da sauri girma, kada ku yi rashin lafiya kuma suna ba da amfanin gona mai inganci. Abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa don seedlings, tare da ingancin tsaba da kansu da kuma bin yanayin girma, yana ba da tabbacin nasarar duk kakar gaba ta 1/3.

Ƙananan ƙwayar tumatir a cikin watanni 2 ya kamata ya zama tsire-tsire tare da 3-4 nau’i-nau’i na ganye, akwati mai karfi da tsarin tushen ci gaba. Abubuwan gina jiki na cakuda ƙasa sune kawai masu samar da “kayan gini” don ƙwayar tumatir.

Ƙasa don tsire-tsire tumatir – buƙatun asali

Kasar gona don girma seedlings ya kamata samar da germinating iri ba kawai da sinadaran abubuwa da ruwa. Ma’anar “haihuwar ƙasa” ya haɗa da duk yanayin da ke taimakawa ga saurin girma na seedling:

• kasancewar duk abubuwan da ake bukata na gina jiki;
• yanayin zafi;
• karfin iska;
• ƙarfin zafi na ƙasa;
• wani ma’aunin acid-base, pH = 6,5 ko makamancin haka.

Kasar gona don girma seedlings dole ne a ‘yanci daga pathogenic microflora, pathogens, kwaro larvae, sako tsaba.[/lura[/note

Wace irin ƙasa ake buƙata

Ƙasar al’ada daga gonar ba ta cika ka’idojin haihuwa ba, ba tare da wanda ba zai yiwu ba don girma mai kyau tumatir tumatir – mai karfi da lafiya. Tsarin ƙasa na yau da kullun daga gadon lambun ya yi yawa “m” ga ƙaramin seedling kuma bai isa ya cika da abubuwan amfani ba. A cikin kwanakin farko na girma, ƙwayar tumatir yana da matukar damuwa ga yanayin da ke cikin akwatin seedling.

1. Don girma seedlings a gida, ƙasa dole ne ba kawai sako-sako ba – iska, ba tare da lumps. Idan cakuda ya yi cake ko taurare yayin ajiya, bai dace da seedlings a cikin wannan tsari ba.
2. Dole ne cakuda ƙasa ya ƙunshi duk abubuwan da ake buƙata don haɓakar seedling, Organic da ma’adinai.
3. Don nasarar noman tsire-tsire, dole ne a sami ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙasa a cikin ƙasa, waɗanda ke shiga cikin symbiosis tare da germinating seedling kuma suna taimaka masa ciyar da kwayoyin halitta daga ƙasa.
4. Sabanin haka, kasancewar ƙwayoyin fungal, ƙwayoyin cuta masu ɓarna, tsutsotsi na kwari, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna da lahani ga tsire-tsire na tumatir – raunin tumatir ba zai iya magance irin waɗannan matsalolin ba, ba zai tsiro ba.
5. Yanayin alkaline na cakuda ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance kusa da tsaka tsaki (рН = 6,5 … 6,7). Halin acidic ko alkaline na ƙasa yana rinjayar ba kawai tsire-tsire na tumatir da kansu ba. Da farko dai, ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙasa sun mutu, sakamakon haka yanayin abinci mai gina jiki na tumatir ya karu – tsire-tsire suna girma da rauni ko da a kan ƙasa “mai arzikin taki”.
6. A cikin abun da ke cikin ƙasa, kasancewar abubuwa masu guba ba za a yarda da su ba: gishiri na karafa masu nauyi, radionuclides, man fetur, da dai sauransu abubuwa masu haɗari.
7. Ƙarfin zafi na ƙasa kai tsaye ya dogara da ikon riƙe ruwa. Irin wannan cakuda ƙasa ba wai kawai ciyar da tsire-tsire da kyau tare da danshi na ƙasa ba – ba sa zafi da sauri a cikin zafi kuma sannu a hankali lokacin sanyi. Yanayin girma sun fi jin daɗi – ba tare da canjin zafin jiki ba kwatsam.

Bi duk buƙatun a gida yana da wahala, amma gaskiya ne. Don yin wannan, ya kamata ku fahimci kanku tare da abubuwan da aka gyara don shirye-shiryen cakuda ƙasa, manufar su da daidaitattun daidaito.

Abubuwan ƙasa na halitta don tumatir – manufa da shawarwari masu amfani don amfani

Don ci gaban al’ada na tsire-tsire daga ƙyanƙyashe hatsi, abinci mai gina jiki tare da sassan kwayoyin halitta na cakuda ƙasa ya zama dole.

The Organic bangaren na ƙasa don seedlings Manufar Shawarwari Sod ƙasar Yana ba da ƙasa friability; arziki a cikin ƙasa microorganisms masu amfani; ya ƙunshi ‘yan abubuwan gina jiki. Ana bada shawara don ɗaukar ƙasa a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyin Birch, a cikin ƙananan bishiyoyi – tasirin irin wannan ƙari ya fi girma. Lambun ƙasar Ba wai tushen “abincin abinci” ba ne don seedlings a matsayin hanyar dacewa da girma a cikin wani yanki na lambun. Zai fi kyau a ɗauki ƙasa daga yankin da za ku shuka tumatir a wuri na dindindin. Seedlings gaba daya za su “yi amfani da su” zuwa halaye na ƙasa kuma cikin sauƙin jure dasawa zuwa wuri na dindindin. Tushen Nitrogen Humus Dole ne ya ruguje gabaɗaya – yana da tsari mai ruɗi. Tabbatar da tacewa kafin amfani. Takin kyauta daga sharar gida iri-iri tare da babban abun ciki na nitrogen da ingantattun ƙwayoyin cuta Kamar duk takin zamani, a shafa kawai a cikin nau’in ”ripened” kawai, zai fi dacewa na bara. Peat Tilas ƙari don haɓaka friability na ƙasa, yana haɓaka riƙe danshi. Don deoxidation, dole ne a ƙara alli ko lemun tsami.

Duk abubuwan da aka jera na kwayoyin halitta, zuwa mataki ɗaya ko wani, sun dace da gaurayawan ƙasa da aka yi a gida don tsire-tsire – duk ya dogara da kasancewar albarkatun.

Ƙasar Inorganic sassa

Tsarin ƙasa don tsiro, ƙarfin zafi da ikon riƙe danshi ya dogara da abubuwan da ba a haɗa su ba.

Inorganic filler Manufar Shawarwari Yashi Kogi Baking foda Bakin kogin yashi mara nauyi ba tare da haɗa yumbu da aka wanke da kyau tare da ruwa mai gudu ba kuma a sanya shi a cikin tanda Perlite Baking foda, yana ƙara ƙarfin ƙasa don ɗaukar danshi Sand maimakon Hydrogel yana riƙe da danshi kuma yana sakewa a hankali Lokacin girma kaɗan. na seedlings, ana ƙara hydrogel zuwa ƙasa a cikin adadin 20 g a kowace lita 2 na ƙasa. Wani fa’idar da ba za a iya mantawa da ita ba ga mazauna bazara ita ce ana iya shayar da tsire-tsire sau ɗaya a mako.

Hankali – wannan ba abin yarda ba ne

Lokacin girbi cakuda ƙasa, masu lambu suna damuwa game da tambayar: “Me za a ƙara zuwa ƙasa don seedlings?” Yana da matukar muhimmanci a warware tambaya ta biyu: “Abin da bai kamata ya kasance a cikin ƙasa don tumatir ba?” Duk ƙoƙarin zai ragu da magudanar ruwa idan ƙasa ta kasance:

• tushen sako da tsaba;
• samfurori masu guba;
• tsutsa kwari;
• yumbu da sauran masu ɗaure.

Babban haɗari ga tsire-tsire (da kuma tsire-tsire masu girma) suna wakilta ta takin gargajiya maras yisti – taki, humus maras girma, da dai sauransu. A lokacin lalata kwayoyin halitta, an saki zafi, wanda “yana ƙone” matasa seedlings. “Amfanin” yin amfani da irin wannan takin “na halitta” abu ne mai cike da tambaya.

Yadda ake shirya da kashe ƙasa a gida

Dole ne a shafe cakuda ƙasa da aka yi da kai kafin amfani. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga cakuda kowane asali – fungal spores da rot kwayoyin ba za a iya gani.

Hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi inganci ita ce bi da cakuda don seedlings tare da bayani na potassium permanganate. A girke-girke ne mai sauqi qwarai, game da 15-20 lita na ƙasa:

• 3 g na potassium permanganate;
• 10 lita na ruwa.

Yana da kyau a zubar da ƙasa tare da wannan bayani. Amfani ya dogara da halaye na ƙasa.

Sau da yawa akwai shawarwari don “yi tururi” ƙasa. A cikin yanayin ɗakin gida, yana da matsala don yin irin wannan “tushewa”: sanya ƙasa a cikin rufaffiyar tanki da kuma kula da shi tare da tururi a cikin wanka na ruwa na tsawon sa’o’i da yawa don lalata aiki yana da wuyar gaske.

Shirye-shiryen ƙasa don seedlings – umarnin mataki-mataki

Shirye-shiryen abubuwan ƙasa don seedlings ya kamata a fara a cikin fall. Don samun cakuda mai inganci, zazzagewa ya zama dole – kuna buƙatar sieve tare da ramuka na kusan 1 cm ko ragar ƙarfe tare da girman raga iri ɗaya.

1. A cikin bushewar yanayi, tono sod da ƙasan lambu. Ninka daban a cikin busassun wuri – bushe kadan kuma a rataye ta sieve.
2. A wanke da bushe yashi.
3. Shirya takin gargajiya – bushe zuwa yanayin maras kyau kuma ku wuce ta sieve.

Saka komai a cikin kwantena daban kuma adana a wuri mai bushe.

Ƙasa don seedlings na tumatir na gida – shirye-shiryen da ya dace na abun da ke ciki

Akwai girke-girke da yawa don shirya ƙasa don girma seedlings. ƙwararrun mazauna lokacin rani yawanci suna amfani da gauraye da aka gwada a lambun nasu a gida.

Zaɓin shirya cakuda don tsire-tsire galibi ana ƙaddara ta abubuwan da ke akwai. Abubuwan girke-girke da aka gabatar ba akidarsu ba ce kwata-kwata.

A’a. Abubuwan da ake ƙarawa na asali, don guga 1 na ruwa 1

• 1 ɓangare na gonar lambu;
• 1 part ƙasa mai ganye;
• 1 sashi yashi;
• 1 part humus

Narke cikin lita 10 na ruwa kuma a zubar da ƙasa:

• 10 g na carbamide (urea);
• 30 g na superphosphate;
• 25 g na potassium sulfate.

2

• 1 yanki na sod land;
• 1 sashi na peat (ana iya maye gurbinsu da ƙasa da aka saya);
• kashi 1 yashi.

Narke cikin lita 10 na ruwa kuma a zubar da ƙasa:

• 2 tsp. l. superphosphate;
• 1/2 lita kwalban ash.

3

• 2 sassa na sod ƙasar;
• 1 yanki na humus;
• kashi 1 kogin yashi

Narke cikin lita 10 na ruwa kuma a zubar da ƙasa:

Siya cakuda ƙasa don tumatir seedlings

Ga masu lambu da mazauna lokacin rani, cibiyar sadarwar ciniki tana ba da zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don abubuwan da aka shirya don girma seedlings. Sun bambanta ba kawai a cikin masana’anta – a farashin, abun da ke tattare da cakuda da manufar.

Don ƙaramin adadin tsire-tsire, yana da ma’ana don siyan jakunkuna 1-2 na shirye-shiryen da aka yi don girma seedlings. Yana da wahala ga masu lambu marasa ƙwararru (masu ƙwarewa kuma) su fahimci teburin akan kunshin.

Aiki ya nuna cewa ƙasa “duniya” na alamar da aka tabbatar ta dace da aikin – girma tumatir tumatir.

Kusan, “ta ido” kuma yana yiwuwa a kimanta ingancin ƙasa da aka saya – sako-sako, ba mai laushi ga taɓawa ba, ba tare da manyan lumps da permeable ba. Za a iya ƙayyade abun da ke tattare da sinadaran kawai a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Hacking rayuwa mai amfani

Don girma seedlings, wuce haddi na nitrogen da takin mai magani ne contraindicated. Don kada tsiron ya shimfiɗa, haɓaka tsarin tushen, zaku iya ƙara lita 10/1 na ash ga kowane lita 2 na ƙasa (guga). Wannan taki na halitta, ko da tare da wuce haddi, ba zai iya kawo cutarwa ba, amma ci gaban tushen seedling zai ba ku.

Yadda ake shirya ƙasa don ɗaukar seedlings

A cakuda domin nutse tumatir seedlings ne ba fundamentally daban-daban.

1. Abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa da ake so yakamata suyi la’akari da ƙarin buƙatun sprouts don abun da ke cikin ma’adinai na ƙasa – mahadi na potassium, alli da sauran abubuwan ganowa. Ƙarin ash na yau da kullum a cikin adadin 1/2 l da 10 l na cakuda ƙasa yana magance wannan matsala.
2. Don ingantaccen ci gaban tushen, ba za a yi amfani da abubuwan da ake amfani da su na nitrogen da kwayoyin halitta gaba ɗaya ba. A cikin yanayin rashin abinci mai gina jiki, tsarin tushen yana tasowa da sauri.

Babban abu lokacin nutsewa ba shine abun da ke cikin ƙasa ba, amma kiyaye tazara na akalla 5 cm tsakanin tsire-tsire. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine nutsewa cikin akwati daban tare da ƙarar lita 1.

Shawarwari masu amfani don shirya ƙasa don seedlings

Babu takamaiman takamaiman ƙa’idodi don shirya ƙasa don seedlings. Ayyukan dogon lokaci na ƙwararrun lambu sun nuna cewa ko da a cikin irin wannan abu mai sauƙi akwai ƙananan dabaru.

1. Ba za a iya girbe ƙasar sod a ƙarƙashin itacen willow ko itacen oak ba. Babban taro na tannins yana cutar da ci gaban seedlings. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine ɗaukar ƙasa a cikin kurmin Birch.
2. Yana da ma’ana don ɗaukar ƙasar lambu kawai daga rukunin yanar gizon ku – seedlings daga farkon kwanakin rayuwa yakamata su yi amfani da abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa.
3. Girbi cakuda ƙasa daga kaka ya zama dole ba kawai don adana lokaci a cikin bazara ba, a lokacin hunturu ana daidaita abun da ke cikin ƙasa. Kwantenan ƙasa sun daskare – yana da yuwuwar kwari da ƙwayoyin cuta za su mutu.
4. Idan ba zai yiwu a shirya a cikin fall ba, ya kamata a shirya cakuda ‘yan kwanaki kafin shuka, don haka ƙasa ta sami lokaci don daidaitawa kuma ruwa ba zai wanke ɓarna a lokacin ban ruwa ba.

Girbi, siffa, daskarewa yana da ma’ana kawai ga adadin seedlings. Abubuwan da ba za a iya musantawa ba na cakuda ƙasa da aka shirya kai tsaye suna ba da sakamako mai faɗi – tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi da tsire-tsire masu aminci.